Erlih Paul: Kaalinta sayniska

Erlih Paul - a saynisyahan Jarmal dunida-caan ah oo dhakhtar, ku guuleystay 1908 Nobel Prize ay shuqulkiisa u sameeyaan berrinkii immunology. Mar ahaa farmashiyaha iyo bacteriologist. Waxa uu noqday aasaasihii chemotherapy.

Paul Ehrlich: Biography

Wiil ku dhashay March 14, 1854 ee Stshelene ee qoyska oo ka kooban lix qof, waalidiinta iyo afar caruur ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, inuu ilmo ugu da'da yaraa iyo wiilka kaliya. Aabbaha Paul jiray nin hodan ah, maadaama ay qaadato distillery iyo lahaa hudheel tababarenimo a. Dhammaan carruurta waxaa lagu soo bixiyey waafaqsan adag la shuruudaha dhaqanka Yuhuudda. At da'da hore wiilka noqday xiisaynayso ee taariikhda dabiiciga ah, iyo in ay ahayd bilowgii camalka qabow ee uu guulaha weyn.

The caanka Karl Veygert (adeer u ahaa hooyadiis) ayaa laga yaabaa in ay ka qayb qaataan horumarinta danta caafimaadka iyo sayniska ee Paul dhallinyarada. Wiil wuxuu ahaa in dugsiga Breslau, ka dib markii taas oo uu waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay dugsiyada caafimaadka. Bartay, Erlih Paul helay shaqo ee isbitaalka Berlin a.

Bilowgii jidka loo sayniska

Uu waxbarashada ugu horeysay sameeyay on dhallinyarada unugyada dhiigga saynisyahan, iyaga xayd midabyo iyo farsamooyin kala duwan. Sidaas darteed of tijaabo uu, wuxuu helay noocyo kala duwan oo leukocytes, dhuuxa lafta tusay muhiimadda for formation of unugyada dhiigga iyo daqal waxaa laga heli karaa in unugyada connective.

xayd Paul Ehrlich, sawir taas oo aad ka arki kartaa in this article Due, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay u horumariyaan hab gaar ah oo la ogaado bakteeriyada qaaxada, taas oo si weyn u saameeyay habka cudur cudurka bukaanka.

aragti cilmiyeed

Xayd unugyada, saynisyahan dhallinyarada uu arkay xalkaas caafimaad ee ugu cajiib ah, taas oo saamayn mustaqbalkiisa dheeraad ah. Robert Koch iyo Louis Pasteur - saynisyahano ah, ku salaysan shuqullada kuwaas oo Erlih Paul iyo Yimaadeen uu aragti ah ee halganka la microbes ah. In weli ardayga u hureen, nin dhallinyaro ah ka akhriso buug ku saabsan sunta rasaasta, taas oo aan ka tagi karo maanka wiil ee ku nastaan. In daraasaddan, waxa uu sheegay in, jirka galo, hogaanka ururayaa in xubnaha qaarkood. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa aad u sahlan in la caddeeyo by yahay kiimikada.

Sayidka, saynisyahan dhallinyarada gaarnay heer ah in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la raadiyo walxaha sida, kuwaas oo lagu lifaaqo doonaa bakteeriya waxyeelo leh oo isugu xidha yimid. Tani waxay ka caawisaa in ay joojiyaan galaya jirka aadanaha ee ah waxyaabo waxyeello leh. Way adag tahay in ay rumaysan, laakiin in la soo gabagabeeyo saynisyahan uu hogaaminayo rinjiga fudud uu Gaarna loo isticmaalo ka mid ah aqoon korodhsiga. Wuxuu ogaaday in haddii rinjiga waa ay awoodaan in ay u hoggaansamaan nudaha, Kuna in iyada rinjiga, si ay awood u yeelan doonaan in ay ku soo lifaaq iyo in bakteeriya waxyeelo leh oo ku dila.

Fikradda ah "rasaas sixir"

In 1878, Erlih Paul noqday dhakhtarka sare ee isbitaalka ee Berlin. Waxaan ahaa awoodaan si ay u horumariyaan hababka iyaga u gaar ah waxbarashada histological. First uu la caseeyey bakteeriyada on galaaska, oo wuxuu ku daray in unugyada xoolaha dilay by cudurada faafa. Oo marka uu soo bandhigay dheeh buluug dhiiga ee bakayle nool. In koorsada of tijaabo ah saynisyahan ka yaabay cawaaqib aan la rumaysan karin.

midabada Blue ahaayeen kaliya maskaxda iyo neerfaha. Dhamaan unugyada kale midabkiisu hadduusan beddelmin. Ehrlich garawsannay yimid in haddii uu jiro rinjiga a in jebiyo kartaa nooc kasta oo gaar ah oo unug, ka dibna waxaa jira walax in dili kartaa nooc ka mid ah qaar ka mid ah sheyga waxyeelada leh. Thanks to indhaynta kuwaas oo asalkiisu ka soo jeedo aragtida ah ee "rasaas Sixir", waxaan uga jeednaa in aad gasho shaqeeyo cudurka walax awood aad si deg deg ah u dilaan oo dhan xayawaan waxyeelo leh.

Cudurka "Sleepy"

Erlih Paul, tabarruca uu si ayidhi taas oo ah mid qiimo in 1906 noqday agaasimaha serotherapy ee Institute of Experimental. Waqtigaas wuxuu ahaa xiiseyneyso "hurdo" cudur ay ku dhinteen mar in tiro badan oo ka mid ah Afrika. Seynisyahanno ku Been daawo mucjiso "Atoxil" baabbi'iya trypanosomes ah, laakiin ninka hortiisa laga badiyay. Erlih Paul ogaaday in qalab ka kooban arsenic oo waa sun joogo.

Hawsha ugu wayn ee cilmiga ahaa been abuurtay ee xarunta sida in dili lahaa oo dhan trypanosomes ah, laakiin waxay lahaayeen saameyn ah kuma laha aadanaha dilaa. walxaha Boqolaal ayaa la isku dayay, laakiin sheyga, kuwaas oo soo saari difaac, si daroogada ha ku rakibin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo ay niyad badan, Paul ahaa awoodaan si ay u abuuraan daawo loogu talogalay cudurka "hurdo".

cudurrada xubnaha galmada

cudurada noocan oo kale ah ka walaacsanahay Dadka muddo dheer. In Zaman ee bacteriology, saynisyahano badan oo bilaabay inuu raadiyo wareer ah cudurada kala duwan, iyo mar ay awoodaan in ay ka heli saddex. jabtada Bacillus First laga helay, markaas chancroid iyo waraabowga in dhamaadka, kaas oo ah wakiilka sababaya of markii laysu tago waxaana lays.

Daawo Waraabow

In sagaal goor dambe oo qarnigii labaatanaad hore, irbado xididka ayaa hadda bilaabay inuu soo baxo. In isbitaalada, waxay ku dhow ma loo isticmaalo. Laakiin in dhammaan bedelay ka dib markii Erlih Paul siiyo daroogo in lagu daweyn karaa syphilis. Isku dayaysa in ay abuuraan waxaa la dhigay, natiijada ahayd cajiib. By habka, isaga oo isticmaalaya kiimikada tijaabooyinka sayniska saynisyahan ku abuuray isbedel cusub ee daawada.

Akademik soo jeediyay in lagu daweeyo syphilis walxaha sida kaas oo ay bilaabaan in ay sameeyaan in lagu qayilo ee xarunta firfircoon arsenic. Laakiin, nasiib daro, ma suurto gal ahayd in ay gabi ahaanba ka takhaluso ay dhaawac burbur ee koorsada of hannaanka ka mid ah imtixaanka.

wareeg aan la filayn ee caadiga ah

Paul Ehrlich, ayidhi kuwaas oo xirfad ahaa, ee 1887, wuxuu noqday kaaliyaha professor ah, iyo in 1890 - professor Jaamacadda a. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa uu ka shaqeeyay Roberta Koha machadka. In 1888, inta lagu guda jiro mid ka mid ah tijaabooyin shaybaadh si aad u hesho cudurka qaaxada ee tiibiida. xaaskiisa iyo laba gabdhood Qaadashada, wuxuu u tegey Masar loogu soo daweeyo. Laakiin halkii ay ku bogsiiyaan mid cudur, xanuunsaday qaba sonkorowga. Marka gobolka ee caafimaadka ayaa soo hagaagay, qoyska in ay Berlin ku soo laabtay.

Tan iyo 1891, Erlih Paul, shuqulladiisa oo ahayd dhibic-upka saynisyahano badan, waqti badan u huray in doorashada ee kiimikada loogu baahan yahay daawaynta cudurada uu keeno dulin ka baxsan. Uu guusha ugu horeysay ahayd Maalintii Diyaargarayska oo ku saleysan buluug methylene, kaas oo loogu talagalay daaweynta duumada afar maalmood ah. Ka dib markii in, wuxuu bilaabay in uu isticmaalo formaldehyde kale oo badan. Inta lagu guda jiro hawlahaas, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa kuwa marka hore ogaaday sheyga qabsaneysa inay soo bandhigto alaabta. Dareen-celinta difaaca ayaa qarka u saaran bogsashada.

Nobel Prize The

saynisyahan ahaa oo hore u soo jeediyay aragtida ah ee difaaca - awooda jirka ee uu iskaga difaaci karo ka dhanka ah meydadka hiddo shisheeye. Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe aragtida ah ee silsiladood oo dhinaca, kaas oo kaalin aad muhiim u ah horumarinta sayniska ee immunology. Waayo, shaqo this, wada jir ah ula saynisyahan Jarmalka Mechnikov helay Nobel Prize ee 1908.

Erlih Paul: Kaalinta sayniska

In 1901, ee dhakhtarka iyo cilmiga leh waayo-aragnimo ballaaran uu bilaabo inuu wax looga qabto arrinta dawaynta kansarka. Waxa uu horumariyo taxane ah oo gaar ah oo tijaabo ku jira oo xayawaanka meeshoodii buro kale oo ay ahayd in la caddeeyo markii ugu horeysay in xayawaanka yihiin jawaabaha difaaca ahbaa ka dib markii lumis ee musuqmaasuqa burada awoodaan.

The daahfurka ugu muhiimsan, saynisyahano bilaabay helo oo aan la garaneyn ay u sayniska ee unugyada waaweyn, kuwaas oo door muhiim ah in formation of difaaca jirka. Sidoo kale Paul awoodaan si ay u caddeeyaan in gacanta kasta oo jidhka ah oo ku nool, kaas oo ka yimaadaa galay reaction difaaca ayaa receptors gaar ah oo awood u leh aqoonsiga wakiilada ajnabiga ah. Waa daahfurtay sida iyo Erlih Paul helay Nobel Prize.

Ehrlich isu muujiyey berrinkii chemistry, sida cadaanyo muhiimad weyn in daawada lagu tilmaamay. Waayo, kanu wuxuu helay biladda of Liebig.

Waxa uu ahaa xubin ka mid ah toddobaatan bulshooyinka sayniska dunida iyo tacliinta sare. Maanta isaga ka dib markii loo magacaabay: Institute of alaabta difaaca, iyo sidoo kale waddooyinka, isbitaallada, hay'adaha waxbarashada, sayniska iyo bulshooyinka aasaaska, abaalmarinta for daahfurtay sayniska. Sidoo kale la odhan jiray ka dib markii bohol on Moon ah.

In 1909, Nicholas II waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Order ee tacliinta St. Anne iyo abaal horyaalka xildhibaanka ku jira. Ehrlich casilay sababtoo ah waxa uu aysan ka laaban yaabaa rumaysadka Yuhuudda.

Waxa uu guursaday naagtii ku bixiyay ee macaamiisha iyo xaaladaha maaliyadeed ee uu noloshiisa. Paul ahaa gabi ahaanba ku mashquulsan in sayniska. Wax kale lama feejignaan. Waxaan qori kartaa meel kasta, laga bilaabo salka iyo ilaa derbiyada iyo dhameysteen gacmo kabano.

Saynisyahanka dhintay August 20, 1915 ka dhacay apoplectic in Bad Homburg. Oo waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Yuhuudda. In 1933, naasiga ka baabbi'iyeen mashearulxaraam, laakiin waxaa mar kale dib loo soo celiyo.