Deeqbixiye - waa kuma? The qiimaha iyo macnaha erayga

Waxaa la sugayay ay dhacdo weyn oo aad u muhiim ah in guga ee Russia: sharaxan abaalmarinta Award International "deeqbixiye-2014". Waayo, markii siddeedaad abaalmarinta loo soo bandhigi doonaa by dadka naafada ah, kuwaas oo ku guuleystay in uu jirro, waxaana ka yeelay guulo waawayn ee beeraha kala duwan. Abaalmarintan ayaa la midoobin fanaaniinta, dhakhaatiir, saraakiisha dawladda, ganacsatada, isku dayayaan in ay caawiyaan dadka curyaamiinta ah. Dad kala duwan Russia Hanti- mashruucan midoobeen, si ay u caawiyaan tayo naafada geesinimo talaabsano mustaqbalka.

deeqbixiye Ruush - waa kuma?

Nasiib darro, ma aha oo dhan xusuusan macnaha erayga. Qaamuusyo sharax in deeqbixiye - waa qof kaas oo qayb ka mid ah lacag lagu kasbaday ama qayb ka mid ah uu nasiib la siiyo kuwa aan isu caawin kara. Qaabka ugu qadiimiga ah ee philanthropy ahaa hay'ad samafal ah oo rumaystayaasha ku quudin masaakiinta, kuwa dhow iyo Biyac ama macbudyo. Maanta samafal ah ma ahan oo kaliya oo ku saabsan Sadaqooyinka, fikradda uu noqday badan ballaaran. deeqbixiye Modern - waa kuma? Tani waa nin awood u leh tallaabooyinka ama camal ee ka wakiil ah dadka u baahan. Nasiib darro, in liiska caalamiga ah ee ku lehna, oligarchs ee Russia meedka meesha 127aad ee ka soo 145. xoojisay Statistics ogaaday in sannadlaha ah 15 ugu raaxaystay Ruushku ugu deeqay in hay'ad samafal sida ugu badan ee Bill Gates oo Miranda. agaasimaha guud ee "Norilsk Nikkel" Vladimir Potanin Kaliya dhaqmayso dhaartii, oo isku mar siiyey Gates iyo Buffett. Waxa uu ballan qaaday (oo oofiya Ballankiisa), in ka badan kala bar ay welfare in la siiyo sababaha wanaagsan. Nasiib wanaag, ma Potanin waa kan keliya ee taageertaa dadka u baahan.

The lasiman ugu caansan Russia

Sidaas oo kale weeye kan deeqbixiye ah? Taasoo la micno ah in qof walba maanta fahamsan hab iyaga u gaar. Tusaale ahaan, gobolka Roman Abramovich bixiso dayactirka kooxda kubada cagta, ka fiirsaneysa philanthropy this. Suleiman Kerimov qoondaysay lacag hawlgallada caruurta jiran. ay taageerto dugsiga mararka qaarkood. Viktor Vekselberg qayb ka mid ah uu maal deeqay, inay Ruushka ku soo laabto ay qiimaha dhaqanka. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah iyo dad kale oo hodanka ah madax banaan go'aansado waxa ama kii uu taageeri lahaa. I. qaarna, xaaskiisa of Abramovich ah, ka cawday in qaar ka mid ah waxay bixiyaan kaalmo oo kaliya marka ay weydiistaan insistently Putin ama dowladda. Maxaa kale oo loola jeedo ereyga "deeqbixiye"? Macnaha waxaa ka soo horjeeda fikrada ah "misanthrope" oo ay tilmaamaysaa walaac aan danaynayn lagu hagaajinayo nolosha binu-aadmiga oo dhan, aadanaha a tooda in dareenka ballaaran. The si fiican u yaqaan in our deeqbixiye dalka Vladimir Yevtushenko muddo dheer ku lug leh shaqo samafal jiho dhowr.

Vladimir Yevtushenko iyo qayb Sadaqo

Vladimir Yevtushenko - waxaa laga yaabaa deeqbixiye ugu caansan Ruush. Yaa ay tahay? Waa Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Agaasimayaasha AFK "System". Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe aasaaska isaga u gaar ah oo taageeraya sayniska iyo waxbarashada, isboortiga. Fund wuxuu doonayaa in nafo dhaxalka dhaqanka ee dalka, si loo horumariyo nolosha bulshada. shaqaalaha Foundation ayaa sidoo kale in ay hab gaar ah si ay u fahmaan ereyga "deeqbixiye." Macnaha kuma koobna iyaga ku darsaday si gaar ah dhaqaale, inkastoo mid ka mid ah oo kaliya Ruush Museum Fund sanad walba soo diro hal milyan oo rubles. Shaqaalaha si xoog leh u taageeraan saynisyahano dhallinyarada, ciyaaraha fudud, abuurista xaaladaha si ay u horumariyaan talanti, caawiyo si loo horumariyo, si ay u noqdaan caan. Waxaa V. Yevtushenko iyo aasaaskii caawiyay furo dalka laamaha dheeraad ah dalwaddii ee Museum Ruush ah. Mid ka mid ah asaxaabta V. Evtushenkova weydiiyay, "deeqbixiye - waa kan" ayuu siiyey jawaab xigmad leh oo aan shaki. Sida laga soo xigtay inuu qeexidda, deeqbixiye - waa qof kasta oo raba in la hagaajiyo jiritaanka kale ah.

Maxaad samaynaysaan oo lasiman oo kale Ruush?

Media sanad walba sameeyaan ganacsatada top Ruush Deeqda xaddi la taaban karo si ay hay'ad samafal. Rating duwan qaamuusyo, ma kaa caawin in la fahmo waxa ay ka dhigan tahay in ay "deeqbixiye", laakiin si cad u muujinaysaa size ee hay'adda samafalka ah. Ee la soo dhaafay laba ama saddex sano waxaa la madax Roman Abramovich. Oo uu maal ($ 12.5 bilyan) ku bixiyey on samafal 310 million. Wax yar oo ka danbeeya aasaasihii USM Holdings Alisher Usmanov. Waxa uu ahaa oo keliya nus bilyan oo doolar "saboolka" Roman Abramovich, laakiin tani ma isaga looga hortago in ay ku qaataan 247 million si ay u taageeraan ciyaaraha, fanka iyo sayniska. Waxa xiiso leh, sokoeye la soo dhaafay leedahay wax badan oo daqiiqado gudcur ayaa lagu xukumay 8 sano, balse ka dib xilli sii daayay. Case waxa uu qiray in been abuur.

A dhowr khadadka dambe ee darajayn ee ku yaalla Mordashov, agaasimaha guud ee CJSC "Severgroup". In ka badan saddexdii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxa uu ugu deeqay 103 million oo ah 9.5 billion. Pyatidesyativosmiletny ku xigeenka madaxweynaha Lukoil iyo milkiilaha "Spartacus", isagoo ah gobolka "yar" ee 5.2 billion, 31 million qaatay faa'iido u ah bulshada. Guud ahaan, waxaa ka mid ah liiska 15 ganacsato-gaarka.

Ballan ayaa la siinayo

Sidaas oo kale weeye kan deeqbixiye ah? Ninka ayaa aaminsan in call samafal ah nafta ama deyn? dad kala duwan leeyihiin jawaabo kala duwan su'aashan. Maraykanka, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo oo dhan of show ah, la iman "The Siinta Wacadka". Sidaas Bill Geyts iyo Uorren Baffet yeedhay xilli qabeen in bilaabay in 2010. dhaqdhaqaaqa, sida uu sheegay Aasaasayaasha ay, waxaa loogu tala galay si ay ugu khasbaan oo dhan dadka qaniga ah iyo kuwa muhiim ah in dunida oo dhan in la siiyo qayb weyn oo ka mid ah soo baxa gobolka ay guushu saboolka baahan. By bilowgii 2013 dhaqdhaqaaqa ay taageereen 105 ka mid ah magacyada dunida ugu taajirsan, iyo caddadka ugu yar ee qaaraan lagu qiyaasay $ 125 billion.

Waxa xiiso leh in la mid ah Ruushka Vladimir Yevtushenko iyo dad badan oo ka mid ah kuwa uu ka dhigi jirin nidarradeedii iyo ballamada, laakiin sannad walba la siiyaa taageero badan si sayniska, isboortiga, lacag si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka bulshada. Abroad Dhammaantiin ma wada taageero "Ballan The Siinta". Sidaas daraaddeed, socialite hore, hanad dhaqaale, deeqbixiye Lilian Betankur diiday inuu ku biiro dhaqdhaqaaqa, ka tago go'aanka aan comment. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa ay leedahay Fund la caasimada ah oo ku saabsan 150 million €, kuwaas oo sanadkii badh ayaa la qaatay on taageero cilmi-baarista iyo waxbarashada sayniska.

Haweenka lasiman

Lilian Betankur ma aha oo keliya. Waxaa jira haween badan oo waxaa lagu magacaabaa intelligible inay ereyga oo dhan "deeqbixiye". Yaa ay tahay? Halkan waxa ku jira ugu caansan, kuwa hogaaminaya liiska ka mid ah Xaakimkii ugu qanisan dunida.

• Iris Fontbona - waxaa laga yaabaa deeqbixiye ugu suubban ee dunida. Yaa ay tahay? carmal Latin American multi-billionaire ee. Bixinta lacag aad u badan oo Zako, waxaa inta badan weli ceebaalowyo. Hal mar oo keliya ayaa u duulay ee reer Chile marathon hawada 27-ka saac inta lagu jiro taas oo kor u qaaday lacagta carruurta qabta xanuunada daran iyo terminal. Imaatinka kaliya labaad masraxa, Iris sheegay in uu bixiyo $ 3 million.
• Zhaklin Mars, qof dumar ah oo dhab ahaan waxa deeqbixiye a ogyahay. In iyada goobo taageero ka kooban yahay ardayda xarfaanta ah, bulshada caafimaadka, opera, maktabad isboortiga, iyo D. sidaas on. Waayo, baahida dadka iyo ururada abuuray by Jacqueline Fund uu galay $ 10 million.
• Dzhina Raynhart. "Rudnev Boqorad" saxafiyiinta Australian lagu eedeeyay damac. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa soo baxay in ay si joogto ah u taageertaa ururada dagaalamaya xuquuqda haweenka, laakiin waxay si daahsoon.

Philanthropy: Waxa Ayidaya iyo Diidaya

Philanthropy, sida arrin kasta oo bulshada, fikradda uu qarsoon yahay. Shaki kuma jiro in aasaaskii duniduna wuu xooggiisa wayn waxaa loo isticmaalaa horumarinta sayniska iyo caafimaadka, dhaqanka iyo waxbarashada. Keenay faa'iidooyin weyn ee barnaamijyada gargaarka bulshada, taas oo la aasaasay ee Carnegie iyo Rockefeller. Thanks to barnaamijyadan, jiritaanka barwaaqo loo aqoonsaday xuquuq aasaasi ah. dhaqdhaqaaqa lasiman oo uu ka caawiyey in uu badbaadiyo nolosha dad badan, ay gargaar qiimo badan in qaybaha badan bulshada.

Laakiin ma aha oo dhan si fudud. In Maraykanka, shaqada Fund ee siyaasadda ee gobolka, kuwaas oo ujeedada ugu weyn waxaa loo arkaa ah "welfare guud" khilaafeen yar. Si joogta ah gargaar masaakiinta u bixinta, siyaasiyiinta iyo lasiman beddeleen xaalada si ka ab dhowr ka mid ah dadka kuwaas oo run ahaantii waa ku tiirsan oo dalka Mareykanka ah. Caadaysteen in ay daryeelka samafal, iyagu ma doonayaan in ay ka shaqeeyaan. Dadkani ayaa laga badiyay madaxbanaanida iyo noqdo tiirsan daryeelka bulshada si joogto ah. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah oo aan diyaar u yihiin in ay ka shaqeeyaan, awoodin in ay baddalaan xaaladda u gaarka ah.

saamaynta taban samafal oo kale oo tahriibayaal ah. Waxay labada helay kaalmada bulshada iyo waxbarashada. barnaamijyada waxbarashada ugu dambeyntii keentay in nabaad guurka qiimaha anshaxa, luminta aqoonsiga qaranka ee laga tirada badan yahay heer qaran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa barnaamijyo samafal bulsho ay awoodaan in ay la kulmaan caqabado iyo dhibaatooyin in gobolka ma haysan lacag kugu filan oo wakhti. Oo kanu waa xoogga weyn iyo faa'iidooyinka philanthropy. E. weliba xubno ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa waxaa loogu yeeraa lasiman, t. Markaasaa dadkii waxay qayb ka heleen kuwa u baahan gargaar siin.