Xiisadda dusha, macluumaad guud iyo muhiimadda noolaha

waxaa jira ciidamada xigay kala duwan ee dusha oo qoto dheer (gudaha) inta u dhaxaysa lakab oo u taagoo dareere ah. Taagoo ee lakabka dusha loo hagaajiyey jiidashada dhinac ka salka layers iyo layers qoto dheer oo ciidanka of jiidashada dhexeeya taagoo ee labada isku dheeli tiran. The taagoo of lakabka dusha sare waxaa soo jiitay by taagoo hawada iyo labo ka mid ah oo yar yar, oo ay xoog sababtay waxaa si toos ah u ekaa, oo daaha dusha of taagoo ah sidii loo jiido layers qoto dheer. xiisadda dusha, markeeda, D. ku xiran tahay nooca dareeraha ah iyo deegaanno soohdinta, Heerkulka, joogitaanka of nijaasta in cabitaanno ah, iyo wixii la mid ah.

Si loo kordhiyo dusha sare ee dareeraha ah waa in ay qaar ka mid ah shaqada ka dhanka ah ciidamada xiisadda dusha sameeyo. From qiyamka xiisadda dusha ku xiran tahay size qoyaanka ah, la ogeyn xilliga ay, xaddiga goobooyin gaas marayay dareere, wettability iyo anti-wettability ee dusha dareeraha ah ee adkaha ah iyo kuwa kale.

ciidanka xiisadda dusha sidoo kale ku xidhan tahay cadaadiska uumiga kor dareeraha ah: sare la shiilayo, yar cadaadiska dareere gudaha ah. Haddii dheecaanka xuduud la hawada, Britain ee lakabka dusha sare ay waxaa ku dhowaad ma sakhiray in ay ciidamada of gravity wajiga gaseous. Xaaladaha kuwa meesha cadaadiska uumiga kor dareere ah uu kordho, xiisadda dusha ay noqon doontaa wax ka yar. Sayidka, ee u taagoo ee lakabka dusha sare ma aha isku dheeli tiran, oo sidaas daraaddeed nidaamka at interface had iyo jeer waa tamarta gaar ah xad-dhaaf ah oo lacag la'aan ah. Iyada oo dhammaan xaaladaha kale ee la mid ah, siyaado this waa ka weyn yahay degaanka dusha ballaaran. Sida laga soo xigtay sharciga labaad ee thermodynamics, nidaamka ku socotaa in la yareeyo tamarta gudaha. Sidaa darteed, habka of yaraynta interface waa habka madax-bannaan. Taasi waa sababta dareere ah oo aan la qabtey xoog kasta, foomamka qaab kubad, tan iyo qaabka noocan oo kale ah ayaa dusha ugu yaraan at xaddi gaar ah.

baaxadda saamaynta xiisadda dusha iyo lacagta oo ah walaxda xagjirka ah ee shidaalka. Sidaas darteed, haddii aanu qaadan acids more carboxylic ee taxanaha ka mid ah homologous (HCOOH, CH3COOH, S2N5SOON, S3N7SOON), xiisadda dusha sare hoos u sida ay silsilad muruqa carboxylic - 3.2 jeer koox kasta CH2.

Joogitaanka nijaasta ahaa oo walxaha kala duwan ee dheecaannada jidhka saameeyaa baaxadda xiisadda dusha sare. walxaha badan ayaa, inta badan organic, hoos u xiisadda dusha sare. xeryahooda noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo yaqaan surfactants (borotiinada, acids bile, saabuunta, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, fareeshka ah, iwm). Muqaadaraadka Kaas imaatinkiisu ma saamayn xiisadda dusha waxaa lagu magacaabaa dusha-firfircoonayn (fructose, glucose, istaarijka, iwm). Dhimista xiisadda dusha sare waa muhiimad weyn ee geedi socodka of nuugista nafaqooyin dareere epithelium xabka xiidmaha. Sayidka, dufanka iyo subaga kale ee channel cunto ku helay qaab dhibco. dhibco Kuwan waxaa emulsified la bile galay xiidmaha yar iyo wixii ka dambeeyey noqday diyaar u cholesterol ku hydrolytic ah lipase iyo falgalka kale lipolytic. Isagoo intaa ku daray in surfactants cabitaanno kordhisaa awoodda ay ku qoyso dusha sare. Marka la isticmaalayo sunta cayayaanka waxaa badanaa ku daray saabuun, taas oo iyaga u ogolaanaya in ay xiriir wanaagsan la dusha jirka cayayaanka iyo siiyaan hawlaha insecticidal.

xiisadda dusha ee dareeraha ah: Hababka loo go'aamiyo

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah hababka lagu ogaanayo xiisadda dusha: stalagmometrichesky, sixitaanka dareere qaadista galay gaddoonka ah, cadaadiska ugu weyn ee goobooyin ee giraanta-soociddiisa.

The habka stalagmometrichesky inta badan la isticmaalo oo ku salaysan isticmaalka qalab gaar ah - stalagmometry. Waa tube gaddoonka isagoo marks sare iyo hoose iyo dheeraad ah. In stalagmometry biyo la wacay in ay calaamaddu ku taal, oo korkoodana waxaa la soo saaray iyo tirinta tirada dhibco. Ka dib markii in, wax la mid ah waxa loo sameeyaa iyada oo dareere ah imtixaanka. tallaabada ciidamada xiisadda dusha keentay dareeraha ah iyo biyaha qaadan foomka of dhibcood globular.

xiisadda dusha nolosha noolaha

xiisadda dusha waa mid ka mid ah arrimaha ay go'aaminta qaabka ay cell iyo qaybo ay. Cage - walxaha hoose nool arrinta kor u dhigaysa aadanaha jidhka, xoolaha iyo dhirta. Waayo, unugyada in ay leeyihiin dusha adag oo adag (dhirta, sheyga), qiimaha xiisadda dusha waa yar yahay. unugyada xoolaha intooda badan ee jirka ku jira waxay leedahay qaab u dhow spherical. xiisadda dusha Low ogolaanaya unugyada si fudud la takooro ka mid kale. unugyada Foomka ku lifaaqan unugyada kale ama substrate ah, waxay ku xiran tahay arrimo kale - dhismaha cytoskeleton sameeyay xuub, dhismayaasha xiriir, iwm Noocyada kala duwan ee unugyada (tus, leukocytes iyo ukunta) ee laga sii daayay tallaabada xiisadda dusha noqdo qaab goobaabin lumin waxqabad. . isbedel Local in xiisadda dusha ka ciyaartaa door muhiim ah ee garashada iyo gudbinta falalkooda dareemayaasha ee phagocytosis, pinocytosis, dhaqdhaqaaqa amoeboid gastrulation, iyo gaar ahaan permeability ee xuubka unug.