Voronezh xoraynta ka duulay Nazi

Xoogga iyo geesinimada ah ee dadka Soviet guuleystay dagaalka ugu cabsida badan oo qarnigii la soo dhaafay. Ay feat maalin kasta ahayd on hore, xaggiisa, oo duurka ku, in kaymaha dhexdhexaad iyo meelaheeda dhoobada. Pages of History of Patriotic weyn ka xusuusta dadka tirtirayaa, taasi waxay keentaa in waqti nabad iyo bixitaanka tartiib ah jiilka geesinimada. Waa in aan xasuusnaano iyo gudbiyaan si jiilalka mustaqbalka casharada ee geesinimada iyo baaxadda musiibadii dadka. The Go'doonsan of Leningrad, Battle of Moscow, Stalingrad, Kursk, xoraynta Voronezh oo kasta dagaalamaan in dagaalka, taas oo ka caawisay guuleysan inch dalkii hooyo leh noloshooda.

Xaaladda hore

xagaagii 1942 ahayd Jarmalka fursad labaad oo initiative kabashada dagaalka. Koox ciidamo fara badan oo hor istaagay in jihada waqooyi (Leningrad), khasaare weyn oo dagaalka ku jira, waayo, aad buu u hagaajiyey Moscow taarkan ee Hitler oo keenay qorshe uu ku qabsadaan Hillaaca Soviet Union in ugu yaraan. Haddaba, hawlgal kasta oo military waxaa si taxadar leh loo qorsheeyay, sameeyay urursadaan ah ciidamada, diyaarinta jidkii ay sahayda iyo urur adeegyo danbe. xasuuqii Nazi in dhulalka la haysto ayaa kiciyeen mowjado dhaqdhaqaaqa dhuumaalaysiga ah iyo kooxda ugu weyn ee cadowgu ma dareemaan amaan. Goynta in sahayda ee boqolaal ka mid ah gaari-tareen dhantaalmi leh shaqaale iyo qalab, unugyada caadiga ah ee ciidanka Soviet burburinta dhamaystiran oo ka mid ah unugyada yar Jarmal, kala iibsiga ee sirdoonka si weyn caqabad ku soo duulay ee. Sidaa darteed, hawlgalka "Blau" (on Front Eastern) waxaa la sameeyey iyada oo la tixgelinayo oo dhan xaaladood suurto gal ah, laakiin xitaa la sida hab istiraatiji karti, naasiga ma tixgeliyaan ku adkaysiga iyo geesinimada ah daafacyada of Voronezh. Tani magaalada Ruush qadiimiga ah ee Jidka Hitler taagan, laakiin qabashada iyo halaag, sida uu sheegay Jarmalka, ma u baahan tahay xaddi weyn oo waqti. More yaab iyaga ahaa dagaalka kama dambaysta ah ee magaalada Voronezh. Dhaafka ay si buuxda u gaaray ay sabab u tahay in January 1943, hawlaha weerar firfircoon, laakiin waxa ay weli tahay "unconquered."

bartilmaameedyada New of Hitler

Sababo la xiriira dhul badan oo goobta cutubyo ciidamada Jarmalka wajahay dhibaato sahayda. Army waa si joogto ah u baahan cunto, dhar iyo shidaalka. Si aad u beddesho loo baahan yahay saldhigga khayraadka, taas oo wakhtigaas ayaa ku urursan gacmaha cadowga. Qabsashada of Caucasus go'aansaday lahaa kheyraadka shidaalka iyo tamarta ee dhibaatada, laakiin amarka Soviet in qorshaha Hitler waxay ahaayeen cad, sidaas oo xagga bari ah ku urursan ciidamada badan oo iska caabin ah. isgoyska of River Don ah, raaceen by burburinta ciidamada qalabka sida ku salaysan in Voronezh, u ogolaan lahaa naasigii ah si ay u qabtaan qalliinka si guul leh "Blau" iyo horumarinta weerar-buuxa on magaalada Stalingrad ah. Sidaa darteed, dhinaca koonfur-bari ee hore ee xagaagii 1942 ee ciidamada weyn ciidanka faashistihii ahaayeen xoog. In ka badan kala bar oo dhan goysyada kaxaynta gaadhi iyo 35-40% ka mid ah kooxihii lugta lug ku hor Soviet-Jarmal ah, Yimaadeen booska si ay u hirgeliyaan Fuhrer ee riyada qabsaday Caucasus. June 28, 1942 Jarmalka bilaabay Operation "Blau", kaas oo la fashiliyay ciidamada Soviet at Stalingrad iyo magaaladii Voronezh. Liberation ka naasiga oo sugayay Kursk, Orel, kuwaas oo la qabtay weerarkii lagu qaaday Moscow.

Weerarka ayaa ku Voronezh

Tan iyo bilowgii Voronezh dagaalka, sida dhammaan magaalooyinkii USSR ah, waxaa lagu wareejiyay xaaladda ciidamada. , Abaabulka A mass, shirkadaha iyo aad u badan ayaa lagu soo Haddhay, alaabooyinka military (in ka badan 100 Alaabta: .. IL-2 diyaaradood, "Katyusha", gaashaaman, dharka, iwm), ugu weyn oo ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqaalaha ayaa la daadgureeyay inay gadaal ka. Voronezh waxaa isku diyaarineysa inay si kada ah weerar Nazi suurto gal xagga galbeed. In guga ee 1942 waxaan bilaabay qaraxii degdeg ah wax baabbi'inayay kuwan raadkaygay taraamka. Waqtigan xaadirka ah in ay ahayd qaab kaliya ee shaqaynaya gaadiidka. Si ba'an u waxyeeleeyeen xarunta taariikhiga ah ee magaalada jir ah oo Voronezh. Shaqaalaha Liberation Street (oo horay Vvedenskaya) la kiniisaddii iyo keniisad lunsan oo qadar weyn oo ah taxadiri taariikhiga ah. Division PVO waxaa la abuuray ka mid ah gabdhaha kuwaas oo ku noolaa ee degaanka iyo magaalada laftiisa. Inta badan nemobilizovannyh galay raggii ciidankii ee caadiga ah (shaqaalaha, macalimiinta, ardayda) u tageen inay maleeshiyada, kaas oo dhabar jab hore iyo mashiinka dagaal Jarmal. At jihada of dhererka line hore Voronezh waxay ahayd muhiim ah, taas oo ah sababta ciidanka Jarmal ayaa dhex maray difaaca oo si degdeg ah si ay magaalada u yimid. July 6 naasiga ah gudbeen Don iyo galeen agagaarka Voronezh. Marka marxaladdan, Jeneraaladii Jarmal faraxsan sheegay in qabashada magaalada, iyagu ma ay fileynaa in si buuxda ay u qabsadaan, iyagu ma ay u dhawdihiin. xoraynta Voronezh January 25, 1943 waxaa sabab u ah bridgeheads hillaac ku qabtay oo dhan dagaalka Soviet difaaca. By waqtiga dhicitaanka of naasiga ee magaalada inta badan ka mid ah ayaa la burburiyay by qaraxii, guryaha gubanaya, warshado. Under xaaladahan, ku qaadeen tiro geeddiga dadweynaha, isbitaalada, qaybta ugu muhiimsan ka mid ah hantida ka mid ah shirkadaha warshadaha, dhoofinta taariikheed iyo qiimaha dhaqanka.

safka hore

Voronezh xoraynta ka duulay Nazi soo bilaabo bangiga bidix ee webiga. Horumarinta ka koonfureed iyo galbeed, Jarmalka aan kula kulmay rideen sax ah, si magaalada rumaystay qabsaday. Dhiniciisa Midig River Voronezh ee aan la xoogeeyeen dagaalo daafaca, unugyada caadiga ah ee ciidanka Soviet iska ahaayeen, si ay u kala iibsiga qaadan lahaa waqti iyo aagga diyaar garowga ciidamada ah. In magaalada ahaayeen qayb ka mid ah NKVD, guutada maleeshiyada, guutada 41 ilaalada xuduudka iyo Arsenal lidka diyaaradaha, kuwaas oo qaatay gabada. Inta badan xeryahooda waxyaalahan waxaa loo dhaqaaqay in bangiga bidix ee webiga iyo bilaabay inuu wax dhiso qalcad ah. Hawsha ahaa intiisa kale in dib u horey ee naasiga ah. Tani waxay ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah si ay u difaacaan webiga gudbaya Voronezh iyo hakin bilawga ah unugyada Jarmal ilaa ay ka imanayaan dayactir. In xaaladaha dagaal magaalooyinka Voronezh maaanka cadowga iyo ka baxeen bangiga bidix ee dibadda. On amar Stalin ee Reserve Voronezh ku Brigade loo diray 8, ka kooban Siberians. Jarmalka ayaa u suurtagashay in ay galaan a on Dhiniciisa Midig, laakiin sii horay joojiyay webiga, ama halkii suuro gal ah ee lagu qasbo. faruumaha kala ka idaacadda. Otrozhka in kulanka. Voronezh Don. meel ka mid ah askarta Soviet ayaa ku yaalla meelaha la deggan yahay iyo dabaqa Warshadda, waxaa la siiyaa oo isbeddel wanaagsan. cadowga ma aanan arkin unugyada barakaca, posts amarka iyo malayn karaa oo keliya at cufnaanta ee dab on xoogga daafaca. Taliyaha Guud ee heerka yimid si ay u xiraan fashiistaha on River Voronezh ah, ma inay qaataan jagooyinka. Information Bureau Soviet sheegay on dhaqanka colaadaha halkii aan caddayn. Waxaa la hadlay oo ku saabsan dagaalka culus ee meesha Voronezh ah.

difaaca

On July 4, 1942 dagaalo kulul ayaa la diriray on bangiga midigta oo magaalada. unugyada Dhowr ka mid ah askarta Soviet, saraakiil, iskaa wax u qabso, qayb ka mid ah NKVD ah, ee Arsenal lidka diyaaradaha dhaqmeen bartamaha magaalada Voronezh. Isticmaalka sida cover a dhismaha magaalada, waxay u gudbeen in ay Dhiniciisa Midig, oo ay baabbi'iyaan naasiga ah. isgoyska lagu qaaday taageero madaafiic weyn, kaas oo la go'an on bangiga bidix. Xarakada oo laga bilaabo webiga isla markiiba loola cararay dagaalka ka dhanka ah ciidamada ka xoogbadan, cadowga, kuwaas oo lahaa faa'iido ah ee goobta galay. Xuquuqda Bank ahaa halkii ay uga yaacday, taasoo sii adkeyneysa for dhaqdhaqaaqa unugyada. geesinimada Quus dadkan keentay in xaqiiqda ah in on July 6-7, dagaalku socday jidadka: Pomyalovsky, Stepan Razin, Revolution Avenue, Nikitinskaya, Somalisch, Dzerzhinsky, Liberation of Labor. Voronezh ma uhogaansamo soo duulay, laakiin waxay lahaayeen si ay u joojiyaan weerarka, siday aad u badan ee khasaaraha inta lagu guda jiro isgoyska. askari oo ka badbaaday dib ugu bangiga bidix u yimid July 10, ay ujeedada ugu weyn ee ay ahayd in la xoojiyo jagooyinka daafaca iyo u diyaar garoobaan dhacdo xiga ee bridgeheads ah. Voronezh xoreynta bilaabay taariikhda bilawga iyo socday toddoba bilood dheer.

dhibco kulul on map-ka

xoraynta Voronezh sii, khadka bangiga bidix ee difaaca cadowga dib ka qabsaday magaaladii oo dhan. hawlgallada weerar ma joogsan, xoojiso yimid, iyo Ciidamada Soviet ku salaysan magaalada sii waday in ay wada baabbi'in naasiga ah. faruumaha ayaa bedelay dhowr jeer maalintii, halganka u ahayd quarter kasta, waddooyinka, guriga. taangiga iyo lugta Jarmal kooxihii si joogta ah isku dayeen in ay ka gudbaan webiga Voronezh. xoraynta ee bangiga bidix ee difaaca loogu tala galay qabsashadii magaalada, ay xajin. buundooyinka Otrozhenskie gudbaya Semiluksky sakhiray in ay weeraro duqeyn, qarax iyo haanta joogto ah. Difaacayaasha aan la diriray oo kaliya in la dilo, waxay soo celiyo qaab-dhismeedka dhaawacan hoos dab lagu guda jiro weerarada. Iyada oo xeebta sharci ka dib counter-attack ah by naasiga baxeen Ciidamada Soviet, keeno dhaawaca ah, qaxooti ahaayeen, wakhtigaas Jarmalka isku dayeen in ay weeraraan ama in ay ku degdegin, waayo socda khaanadda. Wabiga ka gudbaan Voronezh guuldareystay iyo buundada tareenka, ciidamada Soviet, ogaaday in muddo dheer ay awoodaan in ay ku jiraan ciribtir ee cadowga ma noqon doonto, wedged buundada Halabuurka gubanaya. Habeenkii, taako dhexe waxaa miino iyo Suurka up. Voronezh xoraynta ka duulay Nazi ahaa sabab u dhiso saldhig ka dhigteen, oo ku tiirsanaan karin dhinaca weerarka ciidanka Soofiyeeti. Qabo hoos u dhigaan qiimaha jagooyinka nolosha iyaga u gaar ah on Chizhovka iyo hoos Shilovo, askari halaagnay kooxaha cadowga waaweyn. Kuwani meelaha ku kallifto yihiin in qayb ka mid bangiga midig ee Magaalada, Jarmalka u suurtagashay in ay soo galaan iyaga oo ku saabsan iyo bixiyo iska caabin xoog leh. askari Chizhovka loo yaqaan "dooxada dhimashada", laakiin qabsaday oo u haysta, faqiirsan Jarmalka faa'iido istiraatiiji ah, xerin falalka ay qaybta dhexe ee magaalada.

August, September 42

rabshado ka dhacay cusbitaalka iyo campus. City Park Degmada iyo Machadka Beeraha Guutale rasaas iyo madaafiic, goob kasta oo dalka lagu qooyay dhiigga askarta Soviet kuwaas oo u diriray xoraynta Voronezh. Photos meelaha ammaanta military dhawray miisaanka oo dhan iyo axmaqnimo dagaalka. Witness iyo Taalladaas ee maanta waa Rotunda ah (waaxda qalliinka macradka), waa dhismaha kaliya badbaaday isbitaalka gobolka. Jarmalka jirka kasta sameeyey emplacement a deyr leh, taas oo ka dhigay wax aan macquul ahayn in askari Soviet in ay qabsadaan shayga istaraatiiji ah oo muhiim ah. Imaadyo sii muddo bilo ah, ay sabab u ahayd dejinta ee safka hore, Germany ayaa lagu qasbay inay uga noqda. xoraynta Voronezh, qarkiisana midig, socday 212 maalmood iyo afartan habeen. Dagaal socday magaalada, iyo agagaarkeedii, in bulshooyinka dhererka webiga ee guud ahaan.

Voronezh xoraynta ka duulay Nazi

"Operation Little Saturn" waxaa si taxadar leh loo qorsheeyo oo loo diyaariyey by amarka Soviet. In taariikhda dagaal, waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan "Stalingrad on Don ah", waxaa lagu sameeyaa madaxda ciidamada fiican: P. S. Rybalko, G. K. Zhukov, Vasilevskiy A. M., K. S. Moskalenko, I. D. Chernyahovsky, F. Golikov. ficil weerar horreeyey waxaa la sameeyey la bridgeheads, oo waxay u adeegeen in ay isku urursadaan unugyada iyo sii dhismayaasha ku wareejin buuxa ee dagaalka. xoraynta Voronezh on 25 January uu ahaa natiijo ah Battle of Voronezh (January 24, 1943 - February 2). 60 Army hoos amarka Ivan Chernyakhovsky magaalada qabsaday oo si buuxda u nadiifiso ka gogo kaa soo horjeeda ee. talaabo military Soviet qasbay naasiga ah in ay ka cararaan magaalada, taasoo ka dhigeysa ay ka hor in ay go'doomiyaan Jarmalka isku dayeen in ay ilaaliyaan unugyada dagaalka-diyaar ciidanka. Long, dagaalo daal meelaha magaalooyinka ah ayaa si weyn u dhimay tirada ciidamada Jarmal iyo hoos ruux ay dagaalka. In wararka ka News 26. 01. '43 ka dhawaajisay fariin soo socda: iyada oo sababtu tahay ciidamada ka mid ah Ciidamada Soviet oo ka mid ah jabhada Voronezh iyo Bryansk ahaa xoraynta Voronezh January 25, 1943. Sawiro iyo videos ee maalinta fikiri baaxadda aan horay loo arag oo ah baabba '. magaalada ayaa waxaa gabi ahaanba la burburiyay, dadka deggan, ama bidix, ama lagu dilay by naasiga ah. On arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee oo ka mid ah guryaha ku haray waxa uu ahaa sidaas xasilloon in qof ayaa ku salaantid ka qayladii ay raadkoodii isaga u gaar ah.

baabba '

Hitler Voronezh loo baahan yahay sida goobtii a haboon weerarrada dheeriga ah ee bari. Jarmalka qabsadaan magaalada oo aan, sidaas darteed, at bilaabaan of qayb bangiga midig ee ay heleen yaabaa amar oo dhan badbaaday macdanta dhismayaasha dhaadheer. Qaraxyo xoog badan halaagnay matxafyada, kaniisadaha, ka Palace ee Horseedka, dhismaha maamul ujeedada. Dhammaan qiimaha leh magaalada ku hadhay ah, ayaa la geeyay West ah, oo ay ku jiraan taallo naxaas ah inuu Peter 1 iyo Lenin ah. Guryaha la burburiyey by 96%, tareenada iyo khadadka korontada baabbi'iyey, isgaarsiinta aan la shaqeeya. Xaruntu waxay magaalada taariikhiga ah leh dhismayaasha ay alwaax lagu gubay qarax, dhismayaasha dhagaxa ah iyo leben, dukaamada warshad burbur, oo deyr leh difaaca. Hitler qoray in Voronezh tirtiraa gooyso oo dhulka, in ay dib u soo kabashada aan dhamaystirnayn qaadan doonaa 50-70 sano, wuxuu ahaa ku qanacsan natiijadaas. ka oo rayid ah geeddiga soo laabtay dib u dhiska magaalada macno leben by leben, dhismayaasha badan ayaa miino, taasoo keentay in dad rayid ah. Voronezh dhex jiray 15 ugu wada baabbi'iyey intii lagu jiray dagaalka Great Patriotic magaalooyinka. On soo kabsanaya amar gaar ah oo qalab iyo qalabka dhismaha ah ayaa la soo xulay. Voronezh ayaa isku dhiibay jarmalka iyo baabba ', ayuu xaladii ruuxii dagaalka, xabaalo wadareedyo daboolay daafacyada ay ka, laakiin waa nool yahay oo sii kordhaya.

Qiimaha for hore

Division difaacaneysa Voronezh, fuliyay waqti isku mid ah tiro ka mid ah hawlaha muhiim ah. Waxay ku xidhan koox weyn oo ciidamada cadowga, kaas oo ka mid ma aha oo kaliya kooxda Jarmalka, laakiin sidoo kale xulafadeeda ee dagaalka this. Talyaani, ciidammadiisa Hungarian looga adkaaday intii ay socdeen weerarradii ka jihada of Voronezh. Ka dib markii guuldarro ee Hungary sida (aan ogayn ilaa maalintii khasaare baaxad weyn) waxaa ka soo baxay isbahaysiga la Germany iyo dagaalkii on hore bari. daafacyada Voronezh daboolay Moscow oo difaacay network gaadiidka qaranka loo baahan yahay in dhinaca koonfurta. daafacyada ka mid ah magaalada ayaa looma oggola inay Hitler in isaga mar qabta, oo soo dhaansatay: off qayb ka mid ah kooxda in loo moodayay in uu ka tago garoonka Stalingrad. In jihada Voronezh 25 kooxihii Jarmal waxaa lagu halligay, in ka badan 75 kun oo askar iyo saraakiil dhiibay. Marka la qabsado faashistihii ee gobolka iyo mass magaalada xasuuqa dadka rayidka ah ayaa keentay in formation of dhaqdhaqaaq dhuumaalaysiga ah. Ka dib markii xoraynta unugyada kuwaas oo ku biiray unugyada caadiga ah ee ciidanka Soviet. Liberation Day Voronezh noqday malaayiin badan oo dadka ma aha oo kaliya fasax ah, laakiin sidoo kale bilowgii shaqo oo hal abuur weyn. Dib u soo celinta ee magaalada dalbaday in dadkii degganaa guulahaas cusub, laakiin by 1945, "Unconquered" nolosha ku jiray kasii darto.