Ujeedada warshadaha ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Years of warshadaynta, ay horumar, natiijooyinka

warshadaynta Socialist oo dalka ka soo galay taariikhda sida habka abuurista iyada warshadaha casriga ah iyo formation of qalabka farsamo ee bulshada. Marka laga reebo sano dagaal iyo muddada u dhiska dhaqaale post-dagaal, ayuu ku aaddan tahay muddada wakhtiga ka labaataneeyada danbe in si demoqaraadiyad hore, laakiin warka culus ugu weyn ee uu qorshaha ugu horeysay shan sano ah u dhacay.

baahida loo qabo casriyeynta ee warshadaha

Ujeedada warshadaynta ahaa in ay ka gudbaan baaqday sababa awood la'aanta Nép si ay u bixiyaan heerka loo baahan yahay ee qalabka farsamo ee dhaqaalaha dalka. Haddii meelaha sida warshadaha iftiin, ganacsiga iyo adeegyada, waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah horumarka, ka dibna waxay yeeshaan sannadaha warshadaha culus oo ku saleysan magaalada gaar ah ma suurto gal ahayd. Sababaha ka mid ahaa warshadaynta iyo baahida loo qabo dhismaha ciidamada-warshadaha.

Qorsheyso horeysay Five

Si loo gaaro ujeeddooyinka hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Stalin ee loo sameeyay qorshaha horumarinta dhaqaalaha shan sano ah (1928-1932 GG.), Laga hirgeliyey April 1929 shir of shir kale xisbiga. hawlaha loo xilsaaray in shaqaalaha oo dhan warshadaha, wax badan oo ka sii badnayeen fursadaha dhabta ah ee qaab ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qoraalkan uu leeyahay awood uu ku amri siiyey wakhtiga dagaalka, kamana doodi.

Sida ay qorshaha ugu horeysay shan sano ah, waxaa la moodayay in ay kordhiyaan wax soo saarka warshadaha by 185% iyo mashiino culus, si loo gaaro koritaan wax soo saarka by 225%. Si loo hubiyo kuwaas oo tilmaamayaasha loo qorsheeyay si loo gaaro wax soo saarka ka weyn by 115%. hirgelinta guul ah qorshaha, sida ay ku dhiirigelinayaan, waa in ay keentay in la kordhiyo mushaharka celcelis ahaan waaxda wax soo saarka by 70%, halka dakhliga ka mid ah shaqaalaha beeraha kordhay 68%. Ilaa xad ku filan si ay u bixiyaan gobolka cunto, qorshaha ayaa ku baaqay in lug ee beeraha wadareed waa ku dhawaad 20% ka mid ah beeralayda.

fowdo Warshadaha ee ay shaqada cawdu

Horeba inta lagu guda jiro fulinta qorshe ayaa la si weyn u dhimay waqtiga dhismaha inta badan shirkadaha warshadaha waaweyn iyo mugga oo sahay wax soo saarka beeraha waa sii korodhay. Tan waa la sameeyey iyada oo aan xaq kasta oo farsamo. Xisaabinta waxaa inta badan ku xiran xamaasad guud, kululeeyo olole dacaayad oo baaxad weyn oo ah. Mid ka mid ah dhigyo of sano kuwii ahaa call a in la sameeyo qorshe shan-sano muddo afar sano ah.

Gaar ahaan warshadaynta ee sano kuwa ka koobnaa dhismaha warshadaha lagu qasbay. Waxaa la og yahay in lagu yareeyo waqtiga Five diirada labanlaab, korodhka sannadlaha ah ee wax soo saarka gaadhay 30%. Siday u kala horreeyaan, ayaa kor u kacay iyo qorshayaasha collectivization. shaqada rush a noocan oo kale ah ciday abuuro fowdo, taas oo ka mid ah waaxda ma haysan waqti ay horumarka kale, mararka qaar la xiriira iyaga. Tani waxay tiraa macquul mid ka mid ah horumarinta qorshaysan ee dhaqaalaha.

Natiijada shan siyaabood

Waayo, muddada gool shan sano ee hore ee warshadaynta si buuxda aan la gaaray. In warshadaha badan tirooyinka dhabta ah wax badan ma ilaa muda qorsheeyay. Tani waxaa si gaar ah u saamaysay wax soo saarka tamarta, iyo wax soo saarka ee steel iyo bir tuuray. Laakiin, habase yeeshee, waxaa jirey horumarro muhiim ah in abuurista adag military-warshadaha iyo kaabayaasha saameen oo dhan.

Wejigii labaad ee warshadaynta

In 1934, qorshe la ansixiyay by Qorshaha labaad ee Shanta Sano. Ujeedada warshadaynta ee dalka in muddo this ahaa abuuritaanka shaqo ee shirkadaha dhisay inta lagu guda jiro shanta sano ee ugu dambeysay, sidoo kale tirtiridda baahsan ee fowdo ah oo ka mid ah natiijooyinka soo baxay in industry ee ay sabab u tahay samaynta heerka sare farsamo ahayn ee horumarinta.

In dejinta qorshaha ayaa inta badan la tixgeliyaa ka qabto dhaliilahaas ee la soo dhaafay. mugga weyn ee maalgelinta la siiyo wax soo saarka ee, iyo waxa uu helay in ay dhibaatooyin la xiriira waxbarashada dugsiga sare iyo farsamo dareenka badan. Waxay go'aan lagama maarmaan ahayd si loo hubiyo in dhaqaalaha dalka tiro ku filan oo xirfadlayaasha xirfad leh.

ololaha Korinta in qorshaha shanta sano

Horeba in sano kuwaas, warshadaynta ee dalka, natiijooyinka oo aan muddo dheer ku soo socda. In magaalooyinka ka, oo qayb ahaan in sahayda baadiyaha ayaa dareemi hagaagtay. Inta badan ay daboolayaan baahiyaha dadweynaha in badeecadda. baaxadda guusha this waxaa inta badan ayan bararin ee xilli dacaayad oo baaxad weyn dalka ee la Waddajiyeen credit oo dhan, waayo, kaliya xisbiga shuuciga iyo hogaamiye Stalin.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in inta lagu guda jiro sano ee warshadaha lagu qaaday sal-dhigida baahsan ee technology advanced in meelo badan oo ka mid ah wax soo saarka weli heysatay by shaqada Buuggan, oo halkaas si ay u gaaraan koboc wax soo saarka by technology karin ayaa loo isticmaalaa hababka dacaayad. Tusaale ahaan waxaa la geeyay on sano, kuwa caanka ah dhaqdhaqaaqa Stakhanovite. tartanka loogu jiro soo saarka rikoorka keentay in xaqiiqda ah in drummers qaar ka mid ah, taas oo dhan waaweyn diyaarinaya shirkadda helay abaalmarinta iyo abaal-marinno, iyo inta kale oo kaliya kordhiyaa heerka baaqay in kiiskan loo siman yahay si ay shaqaalaha ugu wanaagsan.

Natiijooyinka ka mid ah shanta ugu horeysay

In 1937, Stalin ku dhawaaqay in yoolka of warshadaynta inta gaaray, iyo hantiwadaagga waxaa la dhisay. Oo badan fashilaad in wax soo saarka waxa u sabab oo keliya in ay ka machinations colka dadka, kan waxaa la aasaasay cabsi ugu daran. Marka sannad ka dib dhameystirtay qorshe labaad oo shan sanno ah, ka dibna sida natiijooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee ay markhaatiga ka mid ah koritaanka saarka birta doofaarka ee jeer laba iyo badh, steel - saddex jeer, iyo gaariga - at sideed.

Haddii in labaataneeyada ahaa dal Gaarna beerolay, waxay noqotay mid ah warshadaha iyo beerolay dhamaadka qorshe labaad oo shan sanno ah. Inta u dhaxaysa labadan marxaladood waa sannadood oo si dhab ah shaqada Titanic dadka oo dhan. In muddo guudahaan Midowga Soofiyeeti ku noqday quruun warshadaha awood badan. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in warshadaha hantiwadaagga ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey by bilowgii si demoqaraadiyad ah. Wakhtigan inta badan dadka ku noolaa magaalooyinka, oo waxaa ku hawlan soo saarka warshadaha.

Inta lagu jiro sano warshadaynta, warshado cusub sida baabuurta, aerospace, kiimikada iyo warshadaha korontada. Laakiin ugu muhiimsan uu ahaa xaqiiqada ah in gobolka ay ogaatay in ay is-saaraan in dhammaan waa lagama maarmaan u ah baahidooda. Haddii qalabka ugu horeysay ee ay wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka ka dibadda laga keeno, hadda loo baahan yahay waxaa lagu bixiya warshadaha gaarka loo leeyahay.