Monosaccharide - a ... Guryaha iyo tusaalooyin monosaccharides

Carbohydrates monosaccharides - si fudud waa walxaha digestible in ay yihiin kuwo aad u muhiim ah in cuntada aadanaha. Haddii aad cunto soo saarka hodan ku ah walaxda, qadar lacag ah oo tamar looga baahan yahay, waayo, maalintii oo dhan.

Sidaas monosaccharide - xarunta a heterofunctional. Next, aragti dhaw at nooc kasta oo sifooyinka muhiimka ah iyo tusaalayaal.

guryaha monosaccharides

Sidaas daraaddeed, waa maxay faa'iido u ah walxaha kuwanu? Si aad u bilawdo, dooro monosaccharide in - sonkor fudud. Waxaan la kala saaro noocyada soo socda:

• glucose,
• galactose;
• fructose.

Ogsoonow in inkastoo formula isla kelli (C6N12O6) oo dhan waxay leeyihiin isomers kala duwan. Iyada oo ku saleysan, waxay leeyihiin guryaha kala duwan, taas oo lagu baari doonaa si faahfaahsan weyn, laakiin ka hor in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la ogaado sifooyinka kiimikada ee monosaccharides.

kiimikaad

Britain monosaccharide The soo bandhigi kartaa mid ka mid ah saddex kooxood functional:

• carbonyl;
• hydroxyl khamriga,
• hydroxyl hemiacetal.

nooc kuwa group functional ku jira monosaccharide ah, iyo ka go'an guryaha kiimikada ay. A muujinta aad u muhiim ah waa halsano ah ee sonkorta, taas oo ku xiran yihiin inta badan hexoses. Sababta oo ah nooca eulayska, kala saaro dhibaatooyinka soo socda:

• halsano khamriga ,
• malolactic;
• butyric;
• liin macaan,
• acetone-butonolnoe.

Ogsoonow in monosaccharide ah - carbohydrate ah oo sarkhaansan qayilo qoondeeyay qadar aad u badan oo ah tamarta, sidaas walxaha kuwanu waa sidaas loo baahan yahay in nolosha. Waxaan sii soco ilaa falanqaynta ee monosaccharides sida sonkorta, fructose iyo galactose.

glucose

Waxaa laga yaabaa, in ay nolosha, qof kasta maqlay of glucose iyo ka faa'idaysigiisa. Waa il aad u fiican ee tamarta waa mid aad muhiim u ah Neefta gacanta lagama maarmaan u tahay wax soo saarka ee borotiin.

Glucose - monosaccharide ah, taas oo ah il oo cunto ah, waayo maskaxda. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la xakameeyo gobolka maskaxda qofka, khasaare ah walaxda, wuxuu noqdaa xanaaq, lumiyaan is-control, ma awoodaan in ay go'aan ka mas'uul.

Sida caadiga ah, glucose ee sheyga ma aha qaab saafi ah, waxa qayb ka mid ah waa carbohydrate adag. Markii ay ka soo saarka cuntada si ay u jidhkeena, cholesterol ee walxaha adag in kuwa fudud u iman. Sidaas jidhkeenna helo tamarta glucose oo lagama maarmaan ah.

Ogsoonow in monosaccharides (oo ay ku jiraan glucose) waa mid aad si degdeg ah nuugo galay dhiigga, si ay loo baahan yahay ka dib markii uu tababarka iyo subaxdii. Waa in aan baabbi'iyee cuntada sonkorta leh iyo sonkorta baaraandego, oo aad hesho qiyaasta loo baahan yahay adigoo isticmaalaya waxyaabaha dabiiciga ah sida midhaha, yogurt, iyo wixii la mid ah.

fructose

Xaggee ku jira monosaccharide ah? Tani miraha iyo khudaarta, malab iyo waxyaabaha macaan. Laga soo bilaabo meesha waa fructose, ku tiirsan iyo hantida faa'iido. Haddii aad isticmaasho wax soo saarka dabiiciga ah, wanaajiyo-shiid, aad saturate jidhka la fitamiin iyo macdan in ay yihiin muhiim u ah hawlaha caadiga ah ee xubnaha muhiimka.

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, waxay ku xiran tahay halka uu fructose hantida. Tusaale ahaan, kaxee sharoobada iyo tufaax dabiiciga ah. sharoobada waa ka sii badan intii sonkor fudud, taas oo waxaa la siiyaa foom fududeeyey iyo in wax soo saarka dabiiciga ah waa ka yar, laakiin waa isku dhafan oo xubno kale ee muhiimka ah raad. Sidaas daraaddeed, tusaale ahaan, waa inta ka sareeya, laakiin cuno tufaax waa waxtar leh ee content soda ee fructose ah. sharoobada wuxuu ka kooban yahay fructose mid keliya, oo miraha iyo khudaarta ku jira walxaha lagama maarmaanka ah jirka ku caawisa in ay si wanaagsan u nuugo.

Waa maxay sababta, ka dibna, haddii sharoobada ku jira xaddi badan oo fructose, waa in aad ka fiirsan shaqada si loo yareeyo isticmaalka alaabta this? Bal aan ka bilowno xaqiiqda ah in siyaado ah oo monosaccharide ah ee jirka ku keenaysaa in xumaatay ee caafimaadka, miisaanka oo kordha, badin ah oo kolestarool ah iyo hoos u dhac in ay gacanta ku rabitaanka cuntada. isticmaalka fructose aad u xun sida macaaneeye. isticmaalka waxa ka sameysan sida waa in ay dhexdhexaad ah.

galactose

wax ugu horeysay The waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan xuso - waa in galactose, fructose ama glucose, waa inaan laga helin nooca ay foomka saafi ah. Waxaa la sameeyay intii lagu jiray reaction socodka sida hydrolysis ee lactose. Xaggee soo helo? Dabcan, in caanaha, taas oo ah il tamar aad u muhiim u ah nuujiya (oo ay ku jiraan aadanuhu).

Ogow in u yeela glycolipids iyo glycoproteins oo loo baahan yahay unugyo. Maxaa kale ee loo baahan yahay galactose? Dabcan, si jidhka ka soo saari karaan lactose. Tani waxay khusaysaa haweenka naaska. Sida ay dhacdo, iyo sida loo helo galactose? Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay in la cuno cuntada ay ku jirto xaddi badan oo glucose, jidhka ka dibna waxa badasha galay galactose, taasoo si toos ah saameyn ku-soo-saarka caanaha naasaha. Laga bilaabo tusaalahan arkay, oo dhan monosaccharides wada lala, qaar ka mid ah ayaa laga yaabaa inuu kharash ah ee dadka kale.

Iyadoo la tixgelinayo sifooyinka galactose, ay si weyn u kala duwan ka mid ah kuwii monosaccharides kale yihiin. waxa aad ku xakamayn kartaa miisaanka, waa ku saleysan nafaqada ciyaaraha sababtoo ah waxa ay jidhka ku siinayaa tamarta, taas oo ku filan muddo dheer. Taasi waa sababta ciyaartoyda waa nin wax badan hardier kuwaas oo uu leeyahay waxba kuma laha isboortiga.

Monosaccharides. tusaalooyin

Haddaba ka fiirsada su'aasha muhiimka ah: meesha ku jira walxaha kuwanu? Ilaha ugu waaweyn ee tamarta iyo fayo-qabka - waxaa monosaccharides. Tusaale ahaan waxyaabaha ay ku jiraan xaddi weyn oo walxaha kuwan:

• Siriyalka. Haddii aad iyaga u cuni sonkorta, waxay ka kooban fructose iyo glucose labadaba. Waa maxay waxa ay noqon karaan? alaabta la xasho, cereals, Boorash, baasto iyo wixii la mid ah.
• Miro iyo nooca berry. In category helo xataa Greega sida yaanyo - berry ah. Waxa kale oo ka mid ah wax kasta oo midhaha barafaysan iyo khudaarta, hakadka, sharoobada, compotes, hakadka iyo alaabooyinka kale ee.
• waxyaabaha caanaha laga sameeyo. Waxaa ku jira glucose iyo lactose, halkan waxaan ku gelin caanaha, yogurt, jiis cream, jalaatada iyo wixii la mid ah.
• Med.
• Macmacaanka.
• Sharoobada.
• Khamri.

Tani ma aha liiska oo dhan cuntada ay ku jirto carbohydrates yihiin monosaccharides. Sida ay ku qoran yihiin tamarta kala duwan, kuwaas oo aad u halis u ah aadanaha. Waa in la siiyo doorashada si wax soo saarka dabiiciga ah.