Gaashaaman World (sawir). Machinists tareenada gaashaaman lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida

Dhaqanku isticmaalo tareenada gaashaaman safraya Midowga Soofiyeeti back to Dagaalkii Sokeeye tagaa. Oo waagaas, waxay la isticmaalo ciidan taageero dagaal iyo shaqsi hawlgallada madax banaan xeeladeed. Xaaladdan oo kale ee gaashaaman qiimeeyo xawaaraha dhaqaaqaan iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa, ciidan iyo hubka u xoog badan. Gaashaaman World War II ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa xoog jar gaadiidka ee xeryahooda la xamuul muhiim ah.

In dayrta ee 1920 oo qayb ka ah Ciidamada Bolshevik ah, waxaa jiray in ka badan 100 tareenada gaashaaman. Laakiin by 1924 tiradooduna waxay ahayd badan oo yar yar, sida ay gacanta madaafiic military, on kuwaas oo tareen lagu wareejiyay dheelitirka, ha ka fikirina iyaga hub wax ku ool ah, oo waxay khuseysaa labadaba qoryaha caadiga ah ku dhufto.

tareenada Birta ee WWII

tareenada gaashaaman ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida lagu soo gabagabeeyey unugyada qaybta. Tusaale ahaan, tareen gaashaaman "Kuzma Minin" iyo "Ilya Muromets" ahaayeen qeyb ka mid ah Qaybta 31-aad ee Gorky tareenka madax banaan gaashaaman ah. Sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ahaa in xeryahooda ka mid ahaa: tareenka uumi madow S-179 railcar gaashaaman DB-39, labo ka mid ah gawaarida gaashaaman BA-20, saddex mootooyinka iyo darsin ah baabuurta iyo shirkadda ciidan-hoobiye. Waxaa jiray oo ku saabsan 340 oo qof oo ku kala qeybinta.

tareenada gaashaaman lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida waxaa loo isticmaalay tan iyo bilowgii ilaa Victory ah. ka xaqiiqda ah in ay taageereen lugta ah, kuwaas oo dagaal ay weheliyaan line tareenka laga reebo, waxaa laga codsadaa in ay soo gaartay cadowga saldhigyada tareenka, dhawray xeebaha iyo cadowga madaafiic ahaayeen dab counter-batteriga.

tareenada Kuwan waxaa si guul leh loo isticmaalay bilood hore ee dagaalka in ay wax soo saarka ayaa la bilaabay in magaalooyin dhowr mar. Design of kala duwan weyn gaashaaman. Waxa ay ku xiran yihiin awooda ganacsi dhismaha, soo saarta gawaarida dagaalka ah oo ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen hubka u steel iyo nooc hubka. By ee bilowgii dagaalka bulk of tareenada waxaa laga sameeyey Tababar warshad Bryansk. warshad Tani soo saaray ma aha oo kaliya madaafiic gaashaaman dhufto ee tareenka, laakiin sidoo kale tababar, qalabaysan difaaca hawada ka dhigan tahay.

Gaashaaman difaaca lidka ku Patriotic War Great kaalin muhiim ah in ilaalinta saldhigga tareenka ka diyaaradaha cadowga weerarka, iyaga qoryaha lidka diyaaradaha oo kala duwan oo cabbirkooda iyo garaaceen qoryaha darandooriga u DSK.

Gaashaaman World. Imisa ayaa la soo saaray?

On June 22, 1941 ciidamada dalka Ruushka ka koobnaa 34 iftiinka iyo 19 tareenada gaashaaman culus, kaas oo lahaa 53 tareenka gaashaaman, in ka badan 100 goobood madaafiicda, oo ku saabsan 30 dhufto ee difaaca hawada iyo 160 gawaarida gaashaaman, loogu talagalay in lagu dhaqaaqo ay weheliyaan tareenka. Sidoo kale heli lahaa sagaal bronedrezin iyo dhowr gaari motor gaashaaman.

Waxa intaa dheer in ciidanka, tareenada gaashaaman leedahay iyo ciidamada NKVD. In ay amarka ahaa gaashaaman 23, madal qoriga 32 7 gawaarida gaashaaman iyo in ka badan 30 baabuurta gaashaaman.

Basic Red Army tareen gaashaaman

Nooca ugu caansan ee tareenka gaashaaman lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida waxaa loogu tala galay in sanadka th ee 42 ka mid ah tareenka gaashaaman BP-43.

Halabuurka The tareenka galay broneparovoz PR-43, kaas oo la saaray dhexe ee xarunta, laba dhufto ee madaafiicda ee madaxa tareen gaashaaman iyo isku in dhamaadka, laba madal lidka diyaaradaha oo 2-3 dhufto, rasaas gaadiid, qalab dayactir tareenada iyo xadiidka tareenada. Sidoo kale labo ka mid ah tareenka gaashaaman ahaa BA-20 iyo BA-64, habeeyey inuu u dhaqaaqo by kuwan raadkaygay tareenka.

Army 21 tareen gaashaaman ee noocan ah ayaa la sameeyey, iyo ku dhowaad sida badan NKVD ah.

data Technical habab gaashaaman

Gaashaaman Adduunka, "culus" model, qalabaysan hubka 107-mm, taas oo ku dhuftey laga yaabaa fogaan ah 15 kiiloomitir. sheet bir ah ilaa 10 cm qaro weyn, difaac ka dhan ah ingress ee qolofka madaafiic, kuwaas oo size gaadhay 75 mm.

Mid ka mid ah biyo laga gami, saliidda shidaalka iyo dhuxul ku filan gaashaaman si xawaare ah 45 km / h in la wado amarka of 120 kiiloomitir. Mid ka mid ah oo dheeraad ah - 10 tan oo dhuxul ah iyo 6 tan oo saliid shidaal. Miisaanka uu waddada tareenka gaashaaman gaadhay 400 tons.

kooxda dagaalka waxaa ka mid ahaa: Command, Batalyankii Control, laba Baaqan munaaraddii qoriga madaafiicda iyo diyaaradaha markabka mashiinka-qori, Arsenal Batalyankii, askartii, oo masuul ka ah dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo jar tareenada, markabka iyo Batalyankii baabuurta gaashaaman, kaasoo ku yaala dhismeedka of 2-5 mashiinada ordaya on biraha .

Gaashaaman World. Habka Jarmal,

Qaliinka ka hor "Barbarossa" amarka Jarmal qorsheeyey inay soo bandhigto a tareenada yar gaashaaman, ku habboon track tareenka Ruush. Waxay ahaayeen dhawr, Shaqaalaha Guud ee Ciidanka ee Germany ay la siiyaa kaalin muhiim ahayn in dhaqanka colaadaha. Tusaale ahaan, ilaa iyo 1942 waxay ahaayeen waardiyayaashii xaggiisa dambe w / line ka jabhada ah. Wax badan ka dib, ka dib markii barashada xeelad guul la isticmaalayo habab sida Ciidamada Soviet, Jarmalka waxay bilaabeen in ay isticmaalaan tareen gaashaaman oo dagaalka ciidamada.

Total Jarmal Army on Front Eastern uu lahaa oo ku saabsan 12 tareenada gaashaaman iyo laba darsin railcars gaashaaman. Waxaa jiray kiis marka Jarmalka ayaa loo isticmaalaa qabtay tareenada Soviet.

Tilmaamo Jarmal darey gaashaaman

№№26-28 gaashaaman Jarmal lahaa saddex taangiga ama madaafiic dhufto iyo laba gaadhi oo lugta, №№ 29-31 ayaa ka kooban laba gaashaaman iyo mid site lugta madal. Tan iyo dhamaadkii 1943 si ay u noqdaan tareen gaashaaman si madal ku xirid nidaamka difaaca hawada. Tareen daawooyinka sida ku gaashaaman oo keliya cab.

Sida uu dagaal ku cad, tareennada Jarmal gaashaaman ahaayeen ma aha oo kaliya farsamo dib ugu oo heer hoose ah, laakiin ay awood ahaa mid aad u daciif ah. Sidaa darteed, amarka ciidamada Jarmal iyaga ku hayay danbe si ay ula kooxaha dhuumaalaysiga ah ka qabtaan.

Dhab ahaantii Historical dueling tareenada Soviet iyo Jarmal gaashaaman

Awoodda dagaal oo ka mid ah tareenada Soviet gaashaaman si dhab ah ka caawiyay ciidanka ee guushii ay ka gaareen Nazi Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hab ay, taas oo noqon doonta heerka ugu sareeya ee technology waxa lagu qaban karo, waxba ma samayn karo iyada oo aan koox si ay u maareeyaan. Sidaas daraaddeed, machinists tareenada gaashaaman lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ayaa sidoo kale ka qeyb qaatay guusha. Si ay u caddeeyaan waa ku filan si ay u yeeran dhacdooyinka dagaalka.

In 1944, at Kovel laba tareen gaashaaman kulmay Ukraine: Soviet "Ilya Muromets" iyo Jarmal "Adolf Hitler". machinists tareen gaashaaman Ruush, farsamo la isticmaalayo dhul ah, ay awoodaan in ay ku riday qaab dhismeedka sidan oo kale in Jarmalka ma isaga iyo shot arki at random ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, our Arsenal tareen Jarmal aragtay ceel ku filan. Ka dib markii tareen kooban artdueli Jarmal gaashaaman ayaa la burburiyay wakhtigaas uu ahaa mid aad calaamad iyo saadaaliyay burburinta dhow oo dhan fashiistaha. Our dhismeedka ma heli wax kasta oo hits. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah falalka saanac ah oo ka mid ah darawaliinta tareenka gaashaaman. Ka dib oo dhan, sayniska ciidamada waxaynu og nahay in caayaan xoog ma damaanad guul dagaalka ku. sidoo kale waa awood kar iyo farsamada dagaalka.

Gaashaaman iyo Battle of Stalingrad

In guga ee 1942 ciidanka Jarmalka ayaa ku dhowaaday inuu River Volga iyo magaalada Stalingrad. All ciidamada suurto gal ah ayaa la soo diray in isaga ilaaliyo. In difaaca Stalingrad gaashaaman play wadaniyiinta weyn door aad u caan ah.

Mid ka mid ah tareenada gaashaaman ugu horeysay uu yimid magaaladii, wuxuu ahaa tareenka gaashaaman NKVD hoos №73 ah. Inta September, ma uusan u soo baxaan dagaalka. Jarmalka ayaa isku dayay in la burburiyo diyaaradaha, madaafiic iyo hoobiyayaal, afar dhufto ee waxaa loo jebiyey, laakiin tareen la dumiyey waxaana uu awood u ma aha oo kaliya dagaalamo, laakiin sidoo kale si loo bixiyo joojinta awood aargoosi ka dhan ay isugu soo urureen ciidamada cadowga.

September dhismeedka 14 Boos, oo ku yaalla meel u dhow Kurgan Mamaev ah, wuxuu u soo degay diyaarado cadowga, oo waxay ku dhowaayeen 40 gogo '. Sababtoo ah bambooyinka dhicidda madal ay rasaas ahaa qarax oo xoog badan, oo baabbi'iyeen badan oo tareenka gaashaaman. markabka badbaaday dhan ku dhex rogrogmadaan hub ka tareen ee la heli karo iyo tan iyo webiga socday. Wax yar ka dib, tareen kale gaashaaman hoos tiro isku mid ah ka muuqan doontaa on hore - waxaa abuuray Perm askari hore ee tareenka gaashaaman 73aad. Waxay sidoo kale noqday markabka cusub.

August 5 at Stalingrad Front ayaa sidoo kale yimid tareen gaashaaman №677, oo lagu qoraayo Army 64aad. Waxa uu qabtay ku tareenka gudbaya u dhow tuulada of bacriminta. Halkaa marka ay marayso, "qalcaddayda bir ah" waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka tarjumayaan badan weeraro taangiga Jarmal. Thanks isaga si, shayga "47-th km" ahaa ee ciidamada Ruush. Wax yar ka dib, taageerada counter-attack ah ee Qaybta 38aad ee Strelets ah, tareen gaashaaman hoos qarxiyay dab kii Tuuray bambooyinka qarxa yimid. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa in ay ka baxaan ka dib markii dagaal ka dhacay danbe ee dayactir ah tan iyo ka badan 600 oo rasaas helay iyo diisan.

Sidoo kale in ka Battle of Stalingrad waxaa ka soo qeyb gaashaaman №№ 1, 708, 40 Division th iyo caanka ah "qalcaddayda steel" ee "Kirov".

tareenada gaashaaman Soviet ka Nasahanyahay in dagaalkii labaad ee dunida

In sannadaha hore ee dagaalka Jarmalka ahaayeen awoodda yaabay oo design ka mid ah tareenada our gaashaaman. Waxa ay muddo dheer la rumaysan yahay in ay Ruush dhisay. Waxaan u maleeyay in tareenada laga keeno America. Laakiin dhab ahaantii, oo dhan tareenada gaashaaman ee dagaalka Great Patriotic ee 1941-1945 ayaa la dhisay Midowga Soofiyeeti. By waqtiga taariikhda duulaankii Jarmal dhaqaaqo "qalcaddayda" ee Midowga Soofiyeeti uu leeyahay in ka badan hal tobankii sano. In Dagaalkii Sokeeye gaashaaman si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa by dhinacyada kala duwan. Waxay awood kar, ilaalinta iyo hub ciidan si joogto ah hagaagtay. Sidaa darteed, ka naasiga iyo yaab isticmaalka saanac ah ee noocan ah ee hubka dagaalka ku iyaga la.

Waxaan ku sheeg ah tareenada gaashaaman ugu caansan inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida.

Gaashaaman Tareen "Kuzma Minin"

Tani waxay ka kooban gaashaaman jeestay design ugu guulaha badan. Waxaa la dhisay ee xilliga qaboobaha 1942 ee Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod).

Halabuurka The gaashaaman ka mid ahaa: haya in xaashiyo gaashaaman tareenka, laba madal madaafiic, laba dhufto ee daboolan in ka yeesheen laba taangi qoryaha 76mm hub ciidan iyo qoryaha darandooriga u aadeen iyaga la. Sidoo kale, hore iyo gadaal ah tareenka gaashaaman ayaa lagu rakibay madal lidka diyaaradaha, iyo in xarunta - boosteejo ah oo la Launcher Launcher gantaal M-8. dhumucda hubka kaliga ahaa 45 mm iyo sare - 20 mm.

qoryaha dabka laga yaabaa tareen at ilaa masaafo 12 km ah, oo burburiyey gaadiidka cadowga iyo qoryaha darandooriga iyo Launcher gantaal ku dhuftay shaqaale cadowga.

Awooda tareenka gaashaaman of War Patriotic weyn, oo ku yaalla hoos sawirka, waa la yaab leh. Waxaa runtii waa "qalcaddayda steel on biraha"

Gaashaaman Tareen "Ilya Muromets"

Dhisay "Ilya Muromets" ee 1942 magaalada Murom. ay ilaalin jiray 45 go'yaal mm. In ka badan muddo dhan dagaalka, laakiin ma uu qaadan wax dhaawacyo halis ah. Uu dagaal jidka oo dhan dhibcood muhiim ah dagaalkii labaad ee dunida soo maray iyo waxa ay ku dhamaatay Frankfurt-on-oder. On account of this World gaashaaman ayaa 7 diyaaradaha cadowga, 14 madaafiic iyo malaastiisa oo batariyo, in ka badan 35 dhibcood taageero, oo ku saabsan 1,000 askari oo Jarmal iyo saraakiil.

Waayo, geesinimada iyo mudnaan ciidamada gaashaaman "Ilya Muromets" iyo "Kuzma Minin", waxay ahaayeen qayb ka mid ah unugyada gaar ah 31-th la siiyay Order of Alexander Nevsky. In 1971, "Ilya Muromets" in Murom lagu rakibay on baarkinka ah nolosha oo dhan.

tareen kale gaashaaman ee ciidanka Soviet

Tareenka kor ku xusan dagaal ma waxay ahaayeen mid ka mid kaliya ee noociisa ah. Stories waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan iyo kolonyo kale gaashaaman, ayaa door muhiim ah ka dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Tani waxay sidoo kale khuseysaa tareenka "Baltiets" gaashaaman, ka dhisay warshad Izhora ah. Waxay lahaa 6 qoryaha taangiga, 2 120 mm madaafiic iyo 16 qori. Waxa uu si firfircoon uga qayb-galay difaaca Leningrad, oo daboolaya habab uu magaaladii mar la emplacements 15-qori.

Sidoo kale, inta lagu guda jiro Battle of Leningrad dhaliyay tareen "avengers dadka," gaashaaman dhisay magaalada ka mid ah. On gacmihiisa ahaayeen laba qori difaaca hawada iyo laba qolofka taangiga iyo 12 qoryaha kale mashiinka "Maxim".

kolonyada gaashaaman dagaalka ka dib

tareen gaashaaman ah Patriotic Great, photos waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in qodobkan waa geesiyaal ay waqti. Waxa ay kaalin weyn in ay guul our dadka ee Nazi Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, by dhamaadka dagaalka u caddaatay in madaafiic ku soo hagaagtay hadda habab sida gawaarida gaashaaman iftiin burburin kara. Waxaa intaa dheer, cilmiga casriga ah dagaal ka dhigan kar badan iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa taatikada cutubyo ciidamada, gaashaaman oo si xoog leh ku lifaaqan jidadka w / e in si dhab ah hoos u dhaqdhaqaaqa.

At orod la mid ah sida madaafiic ah, iyo diyaarad loogu talagalay taas oo aan ahaa burburinta tareenka gaashaaman wax adag, iyo qoryaha lidka diyaaradaha ah shaqaalaha gaashaaman laga heli karin ilaalinta lagu kalsoonaan karo. Ka hor 1958, qaar ka mid ah sida horumarinta iyo design of hababka sida uu weli socdo. Laakiin markaas ay laga soo saaray adeeg.

Dhanka kale, waayo aragnimada iyo aqoonta Buur qoryaha legdinta on tareenka ma geli noqodo. Dhammaadkii sannadihii 80-xx on dagaalka waajib ku ah ilaalinta gobolka ee daacadnimada BZHRK birta (nidaamka gantaal on w / e madal) ah. In muuqaalka iyagu ma ay kala duwan yihiin oo ka tareenada rayidka ah, laakiin gudaha ku adkeeyey istiraatiiji ah nidaamka gantaalaha. Qaar ka mid ah lahaa madaxyada nukliyeerka.

Sidaas "ayeeyo" sii wadi doonaan shaqada ammaanta leh oo ay "awoowayaashii" ilaalinta of our hooyo.