Diyaaradaha. Taariikhda been abuurtay

About si aad u hesho off dhulka oo halkaas dul istaagin sida shimbiraha, dadka ku riyoon jiray tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore. Kormeerka ee baalal u soo jeedisay in dayuurada waxaa looga baahan yahay in ay dad baalasheeda. quraafaad Greek da'da Icarus iyo Daedalus sheegayaa sida la dhisay diyaaradaha ugu horeeyay ee is-dhigay - baal oo baadad wada hayaan wax. Ka dib markii ay geesiyaal-awaalka ah ee rag badan oo geesi yeelatay ay design gaar ah baalasheeda. Laakiin riyooyinkooda kor u bixin oo cirka jooga uma iman run, waxay ku dhamaatay in musiibada.

Tallaabada xigta ee isku day in ay ku abuurta gaari ka shaqeeya waa isticmaalka baalashaada dhaqaajin karo. Waxay yihiin xoogga lugaha ama gacmaha, laakiin kaliya sacbisay iyo kor u dhismeedka dhan samada ma ayna karin inay.

Waxaan leexan joogo hana iyo Leonardo da Vinci. horumarinta yaqaan Leonardo duulaya mashiinada, iyagoo baalashooda ku dhaqaajin karo, wadaa in lagu dhamystiro xoogga muruqa aadanaha. Diyaaradda ugu horeysay in uu naqshadeeyay cilmiga cajiib ah Talyaani iyo hindisa, waxaa loo arkaa inay noocooda ah ee helicopter ah. Leonardo muujinayaa qalab ah oo qalabaysan rafaasad weyn linen la cufay wax noqde waa 5 mitir ah dhexroor.

Sida by naqshadeeye way uuraysatay, afartii nin waxay ahaayeen kuwo isku shaandheyn hubka gaarka ah ee goobada. saynisyahano casriga ah ayaa sheegaya in si ay u soo design this dhaqaaq, xoog muruqa ah afar qof aan ahaa ku filan. Laakiin haddii Leonardo da Vinci sida guga keebka awood loo isticmaalo, mashiinka uu duulaya laga yaabaa a-gaaban, laakiin diyaarad dhabta ah. In this naqshado horumarinta duulimaadyada da Vinci ma aysan joogsan, wuxuu loogu talagalay sets in sii xumaada karin hab tamarta dabaysha, iyo in 1480s ah, oo seefqaad ah sawir ah qalab ah "for boodayaa ka height kasta oo dhibaato la'aan ah dadka." qalabka, sawirka sawirka ma aha mid aad uga duwan baarashuud casriga ah.

Macna ma laha inta la yaab leh waxa ay u muuqan kartaa, laakiin diyaaradaha ugu horeysay oo ay qaaday samada, waxaa u diiday, Oo baalashiisa. Dhammaadkii qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad, walaalaha Montgolfier, Faransiis Zhak Eten iyo Zhozef Mishel, Abuurtay buufin sirgaxan. Diyaaradda, hawo kulul ka buuxsamay kor u qaadi xamuulka ama dadka. qofka ugu horeeya si ay u fuulayaan samada ku buufin hawada kulul, buufin noqday alifay isku wadanka yihiin Jean-Francois de Rozier Pilatre. Hal bil ka dib, wuxuu u sameeyey buufin hawada kulul ee shirkadda la d'Marquis ku Arlandom ugu horeysay diyaarad oo lacag la'aan ah. Tani waxay dhacday 1783.

Buufin-buufin oo ay doonista dabaysha ayaa u dhaqaaqay, dadkii ku fekereyso in dayuurada ay gacanta ku. In 1784, hal sano ka dib duulimaad ugu horeysay ee buufin, caanka ah saynisyahan, xisaabyahan ah, injineer iyo injineer ciidamada Zhak MENE soo bandhigay mashruuc airship ah (ka yimid ereyga macnaha Faransiis "gacanta" turjumay). Waxa uu abuurtay ah Saiarrada fududeeyey elongated, habka of qamaar nacelle in ay kubada ballonet buuxin gudahood qolof ee liig gaas. Iyo ugu muhiimsan - diyaaradaha Meunier waxaa qalabaysan rafaasad in wareegto, Waxaan u lahaa in ay riixaan design weeraryahanka.

Oo kaliya in ay ogaadaan fikradda cajiib ah Jacques Meunier wakhti aan suurto gal ahayd, rafaasad saxda ah aan weli la been abuurtay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarinta saynisyahano qarniyo soo dhaafay oo ay diyaarad oo macmal mahad suurto horumarinta diyaaradaha casriga ah iyo soo bixitaanka of diyaarad si dhakhso ah, bannaan oo lagu kalsoon yahay.