The dayrta iyo dhaadhaca webiga - waa maxay? Go'aaminta dalcadaha webiyaasha oo kale, Volga, Amur, Pechora

River - socodka biyaha asal ahaan dabiiciga ah, kaas oo dhex qulqulaya channel ah, waxay ka shaqeeyeen si fiican. Waxaa suurto gal ah inay ku qiyaasto dhererka meesha biyomareenka ah, tirada addoommo ay, aagga caadiga ah, iwm Mid ka mid ah ku soo koobin ugu muhiimsan ee biyaha - dhaadhaca webiga. Sida loo xisaabiyo?

Waa maxay hoos u dhac ku webiga?

Kasta oo meesha biyomareenka dabiiciga ah oo caalamka ku qubanayo top si hoose. Sababta tani - si fiican u yaqaan si ay u dhan oo naga mid ah sharciga gravitation universal, kaas oo lagu furay Isaakom Nyutonom weli dhexe ee qarnigii XVII ah. Webiyaasha oo dhammu waxay inta badan ka bilaabmaan ka ilo dhulka hoostiisa ama aad ka soo jeeda harooyinka waaweyn. Markaasaa intay qaadi hoos biyaha (si tartiib ah ama si deg deg ah) - in badaha iyo moolalka.

Fall River noo muujinaysaa sida badan lumiyo in height ama meesha biyomareenka in intii uu "safar" dusha dhulka ee. In si kale loo dhigo, farqiga u dhexeeya height isha dhibic iyo dhibic ka mid ah afka webiga ka. Fall waxa laga yaabaa in buuxa ama qayb ahaan (marka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u xisaabiso index this for qeybta channel gaar ah).

Xisaabi webiga dhibic-brainer. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay in la ogaado height ee ay isha iyo afka. Tusaale ahaan, waxaan waxaa la siiyaa webi oo dherer ah total of 2,000 km, taas oo ka bilaabanayso ay safarka at 250 m, iyo socodka baddii at sare ah 50 m. Farqiga u dhexeeya labadan marks noqon doonaa 200 mitir. Tani waxay noqon doontaa dayrta ee webiga A. ah

Ogaanshaha dhibicda loo xisaabin karaa oo dhaadhaca webiga. Sidee loo sameeyo - akhri qaybta soo socota.

Sida loo xisaabiyo dhaadhaca meesha biyomareenka ah?

dhaadhaca webiga - waa ratio ee dayrta ee meesha biyomareenka ah in dhererkiisu wuxuu guud ahaan. Tusmada waxaa lagu sheegi karaa in boqolkiiba Mille (inta badan) darajo ama in m / km.

Dalcadaha Wabiyaal buurta dooxada iyo aad bay u kala duwan yihiin. In kiiska hore, tirada this dhif ah ka badnayn 0.1 m / km. Dalcadaha Wabiyaal buurta noqon kartaa in tobanaan ama xitaa boqolaal jeer ka badan.

Xisaabi tirada this aad u fudud. Ha noo webiga A, oo waa loo siman yahay si ay dhibic 200 mitir ku soo laabto. Si loo xisaabiyo qiimaha dhaadhaca waa in la kala qaybiyey qiimaha dhererka webiga: 200 m / 2,000 km = 0,1 m / km. Laga soo bilaabo tan waxaan dhihi karaa in webiga waa A - guri oo uu leeyahay xawaare ka hooseeya ee ay socodka.

Fall River, iyo dhaadhaca garaaf ahaan loo soo bandhigi karo. Ujeedada this, waxa loogu yeero profiles gaadhya. Dhidibka "x" ee jadwalka noqon doonaa dhererka webiga, iyo dhidibka "y" ah - height of dhul ah. profile Tani waxay u muuqataa sida soo socota:

The dayrta iyo jiirada Volga ah

Si loo xaliyo dhibaatooyinka sida la baraa ee dugsiga, casharada juqraafiga ee fasalka 8aad. Qaado tusaale ahaan ka mid ah biyo mareen ee ugu weyn Europe ayaa - Volga ah. Aan isku dayno si ay u xisaabiso dayrta iyo dhaadhaca webiga.

Volga geeyaa qaybta Yurub ee Russia, ee kala duwan ee 15 maadooyinka ee xiriirka. Waxay si joogta ah badala ay jihada. Tani waa biyo mareen waxay ugu muhiimsan ee dalka, webiga ugu weyn ee dunida ka mid ah kuwa webiyaasha in aysan ku dhicin badda ama badda galay.

Volga billaabay in Hills Valdai ah, at sare ah ee 228 mitir heerka badda. gobolka jaaket gudahood, wuxuu la barwaaqaysan Badda Caspian ah. Isla mar ahaantaana afka ku yaalo at sare ah (-28) mitir. Sayidka, dhibic guud ee Volga ah - 256 mitir. Hadda waxaan xisaabiyo dhaadhaca webiga.

Volga leeyahay dherer guud ee 3530 km. Isla mar ahaantaana u ururiya biyaha ka territory ugu badan ee 1.36 million square M.. km. Tani waa afar jeer ka badan degaanka ee Germany! Si loo xisaabiyo dhaadhaca Volga waa in u fuliyaan qalliinka ka dib markii xisaabta: 256 m / 3530 km = 0.07 m / km.

The dayrta iyo jiirada River Amur ah

Mid ka mid ah webi ee waaweyn ee Bariga Fog, oo socodka u dhexeeya labada dal (Russia iyo Shiinaha), - Cupid ah. Its isha waxaa loo arkaa inay kulanka oo ka mid ah Shilka iyo Argun. height of dhibic this kor ku heerka badda - 304 mitir. Dheeraad ah Amur inta badan la barwaaqaysan bari iyo qulqula Okhotsk. height afkiisa waa 0 mitir. Sayidka, ka Amur dhibic guud - 304 mitir. Waxaan xisaabiso dhaadhaca webiga.

Cupid leeyahay dherer guud ee 2824 km. Meesha of weysada waa 1.85 million mitir oo laba jibbaaran. km. Si loo xisaabiyo dhaadhaca Amur waa in qaliin xisaabta fudud: 304 m / 2824 km = 0,11 m / km.

Tilmaamahan inoo sheegayaa in dhererka site channel ee hal kilomitir ah ee River Amur ah "lumiya" 11 sentimitir oo height. Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in dhaadhaca guud ah meesha biyomareenka yar oo wargelin ah. Indeed, xaaladaha geomorphological (xaaladaha dhul), taas oo sariirta webiga, kala duwanaan karaan si xooga. Sidaa darteed waxa fiican in aad xisaabiso tilmaame this for qaybaha gaaban gaarka ah ee riverbed ah.

The dayrta iyo jiirada River Pechora ah

Pechora - webi oo caddaalad ah oo waaweyn Ruush ah dal gudahood Republic Komi iyo Degmada Banaan Nenets ah. Waxaa bilaabmaa buuraha reer Northern Urals Mountains, at sare ah ee 630 mitir heerka badda. Pechora socodka gelin Bay ee isku magaca Badda Barents ah, la xirrira Delta wayn. sarajooggiisu wuxuu afka - 0 mitir. Waxaan xisaabiso dayrta iyo dhaadhaca webiga.

Pechora leeyahay dherer guud ee 1809 km. dayrta ee webiga waa 630 mitir. Meesha of weysada Pechora River la Volga iyo Amur marka la barbar dhigo waa yar yahay - oo kaliya 330 kun sq M.. km. Si loo xisaabiyo dhaadhaca River Pechora waa in u fuliyaan qalliinka ka dib markii xisaabta: 630 m / 1809 km = 0,35 m / km.

Sida aan aragnay, ka mid ah saddex kala hadlay in this article, webiyada ugu weyn eexda caan ku Pechora ah. Guud ahaan, qeexitaanka tilmaame this ka caawisaa hydrologists gaar ahaan daraasadda dooxada Webiga, nidaam ay biyo iyo geedi socodka channel.