Andrey Grigorevich Shkuro - General, SS Gruppenführer. Biography

Cossack General Future Shkuro Andrey Grigorevich waxa uu ku dhashay tuulo Kuban podesaula qoyska Pashkovskaya Gregory Fedorovich maqaarka iyo xaaskiisa Riyaale Andreyevna. labada khadadka, qoyska Zaporozhye lahaa xididdada. Warlord White Maqaarka oo magiciisa ku maqaarka socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee ka beddelay.

sanadaha hore

oo madax ka ah qoyska uu ahaa Cossack caan ah, kuwaas oo caan ku ahayd in ciidamada iyo Ekaterinodar. Gregory F. ka qaybgalay dagaalka Ruush-Turkish ee 1877-1878. iyo waxaan lahaa abaalmarino badan. Ma aha la yaab leh in uu ina aheyd riyo ilaa caruurnimadeydii ah xirfad ciidanka ah.

On guriga yar Andrey Alexandrov dugsiga dhabta ah ee Kuban ka qalin. Markaas aabbihiis isaga u saddexaad ee arday Moscow ee Corps, kaas oo ninkii dhallinyarada qalin 1907 diray. ka dib, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa oo u dhaqaaqay magaalada galeen Nikolayev awr Dugsiga Sare. Noqoshada sarkaal Shkuro wareejiyay guutada awr 1aad Yekaterinodar ah ee ku sugan Ust-Labinsk.

Dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka

In uu dhalinyarada Shkuro Andrey Grigorevich khilaafeen qof Xadgudbayaasha. dabeecadda in baaxaa sameeyey Cossack inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah maalmaha fasaxa ah si ay ugu biiraan macdan qodayaasha dahab ah oo duulaan ku ah iyo in si Eastern Siberia tagaan. In degmada Nerchinsk, wuxuu bartay oo ku saabsan dagaalkii adduunka ee la raadiyo. Waxay bilaabeen abaabul ah ku degdegin, oo hoos askari xirfadda iyo Saamaha dhici. Guud si dhaqso ah intii ay awoodi kareen, sidaa darteed marka Sarreeye dhallinyaro ah si uu u dhashay Ekaterinodar yimid, uu guutada baxeen shirka horteeda.

Shkuro aan rabin in aad guriga iska fadhiya. Ka dib markii qaar ka mid ah ataman qancinta Babych isaga ku qoran sida sarkaal ka yar in Ciidankii 3aad Hopersky. In uu dagaalka ugu horeysay oo uu Batalyankii cusub Shkuro laftiisa muujiyey sida taliye ka xoogbadan. In dagaalka Sieniawa on hore Galician, ayaa qabtay 50 qof. Waxaa jiray a abaalmarinta ugu horeysay ee dabiiciga ah - Order ee heerka 4-aad ee St. Anne ee.

"Wolf boqol"

Muddo bilo badan sarkaal Shkuro Andrey Grigorevich ah (1886-1947) si joogto ah ahaa ee hore. In isaga loo dhaawacay (in cagta ah uu ku dhacay) ku heystaan si joogto ah gelin sahaminta ee December 1915. Bishii April 1916, wuxuu ku soo laabtay waajibaadka. guutada Shkuro helay koox mashiinka-qori oo dhan. Waxa uu mar kale ku dhaawacmeen (waqtigan in caloosha). Andrew G. tageen in la daweeyey gurigooda Ekaterinodar. Waayo, geesinimada iyo guulaha badan uu noqday esaul.

From xaggiisa dambe, sarkaalka go'aansaday inuu ku riday kooxdiisa dhexdhexaad u gaar ah. Marka hogaanka u dhiibay Iftiin cagaar ah, Cossack a tamarta cusboonaaday dhigay oo ku saabsan abaabulka xidhiidh cusub. Kooxdani waxa ay si deg deg ah u noqday caan ah oo xitaa helay magaca aan rasmi ahayn "Wolf boqol" (sababta in uu ahaa calan leh sawir ah madaxa Yey ayaa). Jabhada ayaa la maqaarka ahaayeen awood keliya ugu quus iyo Cossacks. Boqol oo dabaysha cirwareenta ah xaaqan by rears Jarmal iyo Austria, oo ku talinaya waxaa jira cabsi iyo geeystaan khasaaraha halis ah. Cossack buundooyinka Suurka iyo bakhaarada madaafiic wadada kharribay gaadiidka burburay. unit The ciidanka Ruush gaar ah isla markiiba noqday halyeeyga. The guulaheenna ugu weyn Daredevil helay Shkuro Andrey Grigorevich. "Wolf boqol iyo" ma dhacday oo aan tamar iyo hindisaha.

1917

On Revolution February ah iyo ka gaabin boqorka Andrew Shkuro helay meel u dhow garsooranimo. Sida inta badan ee Cossacks ah, ayuu fog wuxuu ka bilaaban jiray siyaasadda, si ay Dowladda ku meelgaarka arkaa la xuso oo ma aqoonsana wax laakiin dhaartii u ashtakooday boqorka. Zaman duufaanka isagii ku qasabtay inuu sameeyo go'aano adag. Xulka Shkuro guuleystay saldhigga tareenka garsooranimo oo qabsaday tareenka madax.

dhowr todobaad nasasho ka dib markii horeba Awliyadiisa caan baxay inuu Caucasus. Wada jir ah ula shurako aamin marka hore u yimid in Baku dibna waan joojinay in Enzeli. Uu unit qayb ka mid ah ilaalada ee General Nicholas Baratova noqday. Dhinaca mid, Cossacks la Turkiga iyo Kurdida la dirireen, ayaa dhanka kale leh dhaqdhaqaaqa kacaan ciidamada iyo ragga baxriyiinta ah dhexdooda ku dhibtooday. In 1917 Shkuro lahaa dagaal Faaris, iyo Caucasus. Iska hor imaad la commissars cas qiimihiisu kale isaga ku dhaawacmeen. In xilliga dayrta ee Cossack uu uu dalka hooyo ku soo laabtay, iyo in October uu soo doortay baarlamaanka Kuban gobolka. Shkuro noqday ergay ka mid ah askartii ka.

Bilowgii Dagaalkii Sokeeye

Andrew Shkuro aqbalaan cadaawad by news ee soo socda si ay awood of Bolsheviks ee Petrograd. Sida ay aaminsan yihiin Cossack hadhay monarchist. khilaafka dhinaca fikirka lahaa Kuwaas oo ah taageerayaasha Jamhuuriyadda dhex kicin. Reds sarkaalka isku si cad u quudhsaday oo lagu necbaaday. Si dhakhso ah koonfurta Russia waxa uu noqday meel ay ku soo horjeeda qaylo dhaan ah Bolsheviks ah, waxaa ku dhex jirtay hargahoodii guud mustaqbalka. qoyska warlord wakhtigaas noolaa Kislovodsk, oo waxaa jira a Awliyadiisa si fiican u yaqaan dib u bilaabay ururkiisa ee group aamin.

July 7, 1918 Shkuro eryay cas ka Stavropol. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, isagu xataa aan haysan si ay u isticmaalaan hubka. in dhammaan loo baahan yahay Cossack - qor ballantaas la hanjabaad soo horjeeda weerar ku meel, haddii aysan magaalada ka baxaan. Waxay runtii ka baxay Stavropol. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halganka oo dhammuna wuxuu ahaa weli u yimaadaan. Laakiin durba ugu horeysay stage of War ka Civil Shkuro uu noqday mid ka mid ah hoggaamiyayaasha dhaqdhaqaaqa Cad. Sumcadiisa uu dhisay iyadoo la kaashanayo intransigence iyo adventurism in halganka ka dhanka kacaanka.

cad Guud

Bishii Oktoobar 1918, mahad dadaalka Andreya Shkuro waxaa la aasaasay Ciidankii Saraakiisha 1aad Kislovodsk. Muddo gaaban kaddib, ayuu u baxay inuu Ekaterinodar, halkaasoo uu kula kulmay Taliyaha in Chief of Anton Denikin. Waxa uu ahaa ku faraxsanayn go'amada ah Cossack. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka hor khilaafka u dhexeeya labada tirooyinka aan soo gaadhay. Madaxda dhaqdhaqaaqa White xogagga khatar guud. In Denikin Shkuro uu madax kala qeybinta iyo awr Caucasian. November 30, isna wuxuu u noqday Major General a.

Dagaal gobolka Stavropol ah, Andrei Shkuro abaabulay saarka rasaas, madaafiic, kabaha maqaar, maro, iyo waxyaabo kale oo muhiim u ah ciidanka reer White ee dhaqdhaqaaqa. Later, si kastaba ha ahaatee, isagu wuxuu lahaa inuu u dhaqaaqo Kuban ah. Bishii Febraayo 1919, Andrew Shkuro ayaa loo magacaabay taliyaha ciidamada Corps 1aad ee Volunteer Army Caddaan ah. Iyada oo formation this, wuxuu la diriray on Cossacks Don ka caawinta waxaa fure u ah in hore ka dhanka ah Bolsheviks ah. In mid ka mid ah dagaallada meel u dhow stanitsa Illovayskogo uu u suurtogashay in ay jebiyaan xulka Nestora Mahno.

Victory iyo guuldaradii

Ay ugu sarreysey ee guusha Shkuro cad Andrey ka qeyb galay dagaallada ee Ekaterinoslav, Kharkov iyo magaalooyin kale Yukreeniyaan. Wixii gargaar ciidamada British huwanta July 2, 1919, kii ayaa loo Order ee British ah ee Bath ah. Ololaha Taasi waa weerar gogol on Moscow a. On 17 September, inta lagu guda jiro bisha March si ay magaalada qadiimiga ah Shkuro Cossacks qaaday Voronezh. White magaalada qabtay bishii la soo dhaafay. Under weerarka iyo awr Division Budyonny waxay lahaayeen u Dumayn. Weerarkii Moscow hoos galla aan ka fogayn goolka la doonayo.

Shkuro si wadajir ah ula uu Asluubta gurteen inay Novorossiysk. Qaxidda ka jirta magaalada Badda Black haddiiba iyo urur xun sameeyay. General, sida saaxiibo badan oo aan haysan meel ku filan on maraakiibta. Oo wuxuu u kacay Tuapse iyo Sochi ka Crimea ayaa la gariiray.

In la masaafuriyey

In May 1920, Wrangel, kuwaas oo aan jeclaan Shkuro, meesha ka saaray sarkaalka, ka dib markii taas oo uu ku jiray maxaabiis ahaan. Soon haraadiga dhaqdhaqaaqa White waxaa lagu tuntay by Bolsheviks ah. Kumanaan ka mid ah Cossacks ayaa loo musaafuriyay dalka hooyo uu ka. Qof degay dalalka Balkan, qof ee France.

Sida Paris guriga iyo doortay jidka adag. Guud ahaan waxa uu ahaa weli dhalinyaro ah, ka buuxo tamar iyo ganacsi. In la masaafuriyey, wuxuu soo ururiyey Hobollada Cossack sameeyo dhacdooyinkii farda fuul, ka shaqeeyay in meeshu tahay meel, iyo xataa xiddig ee filimada aamuseen. soo bandhigidda hore ee Kuban garoonka "Buffalo" ee agagaarka Paris ururiyey 20 kun oo daawade. Faransiis The wax fikrad ah kama farshaxanka ee saaran, si guul maaliyadeed ee Hobollada Qaranka ee la bixiyay.

dhisaha wadada

In 1931, Yugoslavia ahaa dal cusub, kaas oo Andrew hargahood oo dameer. General nool ee Balkans bilaabay si ay u ilaaliyaan xiriirada la ataman ka heleyna ciidanka Vyacheslav Naumenko. Shkuro oo dhan sano interwar ahaa shakhsi firfircoon dhaqdhaqaaqa Cossack ee Hijrooday ee. Waxa uu si joogto ah la sameeyaa, isku dayayaan in ay ilaaliyaan midnimada Kuban, kuwaas oo laga badiyay gurigooda iyo marxad dood siyaasadeed.

Waa arrimaha hore guud oo wax ku ool ah. Oo wuxuu kaloo sameeyey heshiis la shirkadda "Batignolles" oo qarka u ah oo ku saabsan hawlaha on dhismaha dhufays 90-ka kilomitir-dheer, beerta Belgrade, Pancevo iyo Zemun ka prying daadad Danube. Seerbiyiin ahaayeen ku faraxsanahay natiijada iyo amar ku bixiyay in dhismaha Cossacks ee buundada tareenka ee koonfurta dalka ah. Shkuro ay ka shaqeeyeen ma aha oo kaliya Kuban ah, laakiin sidoo kale dadka Don, jaaket, saddexaad, iyo barbariyiintiina kale ee koonfurta of Russia. Labada kooxood ee Next Andrew G. shaqeeyay Cossacks geesi kale ee World War aan Viktora Zborovskogo. Qaar ka mid ah la dhisay dibna jidadka iyo biyo-xireennada Yugoslavia waxaa ilaa iyo haatan shaqeynaya.

Sidoo kale qari (sida soo galootiga kale oo badan oo cad) tagay Xusuusqorkan ah, taas oo uu ku tilmaamay dareenkaa isaga u gaar ah ee Dagaalkii Sokeeye. Maanta, buuggiisa "Notes of a dhexdhexaad White" waa marxalad axdiga cajiib ah, caawiyo si ay u fahmaan sida uu soo abaabulay iyo dagaalka ka dhanka ah Bolsheviks ee South of Russia.

laysaan kuwooda a

weerarka ah ee Nazi Germany on Midowga Soofiyeeti ka dib markii waddanka u soo guurey cad wajahay doorasho adag. Waxa uu cadaabi iyo Andreya Shkuro. General nebcaaday USSR ah, doonayay in laga takhaluso Russia ee Bolsheviks sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah oo ay soo noqdaan si ay dalkoodii hooyo Kuban. Tan iyo Dagaalkii Sokeeye, 20 sano ayaa ka soo wareegtay. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah xubnaha ay ahaayeen mar dambe dhalinyaro ah, laakiin weli tabar buuxda. Laakiin xitaa sida sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda anti-Soviet sida Denikin iyo Dmitri Grand Duke ee Pavlovich diiday in ay taageeraan kooxda Jarmalka. Laakiin hore Ataman of Cossacks Don ah, Peter Krasnov u tageen inay isku daya in ay la Reich Saddexaad. isaga Behind doorashada isla hargahood oo guud. Biography kabtanka sababta oo ah go'aanka iyo maanta waa dood kulul.

Inkastoo ay taageero ka furan ee iskaashatada Hitler ee ka dhex Cossacks ah muddo dheer ma aanan haysan ciidamada military u gaar ah. Xaaladda bedelay kaliya ee 1943. Waqtigaas, Wehrmacht waxay mar hore ku waayay dagaalka Stalingrad, iyo guuldaradii ugu danbeysay ee dagaalka oo dhan ayaa noqday arrin waqti. Caught in xidho a, Fuehrer bedelay maskaxdiisa iyo siiyey go-hor la abuuro ciidamo Cossack biiray SS ah.

In hawshii Jarmalka

In 1944, Gruppenführer SS Andrew Shkuro markii ugu horeysay muddo dheer madax ciidanka. Waxaa muuqatay in 15 Cossack awr Corps. Khibrad General dhamaadka lixdan la Awliyadiisa Yugoslav diriray. Waxa uu marna lahaa inuu ku laabto Russia xoog hubka. By wakhtigaas, qaddar ee Reich Saddexaad hore u ahaa natiijadeeda la ah. Xitaa ka hor inta ciidamada Soviet qaaday Berlin, Stalin ee Shirka Yalta ka qaaday daryeelka ee nidaamyada la xulafada ah oo ku saabsan iskaashi ee mustaqbalka.

On May 2, Cossacks u soo baxeen inay East Austria ee Tyrol in ay is dhiibaan si British ah. oo iyaga ku dhex jiray ayaa qarbeddada kala Guud. Intii uu socday dagaalkii 2aad ee adduunka, ayuu on mabda'a boosaska anti-Soviet, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in helitaanka gacmaha NKVD galay ballanqaaday dhimasho dhow istaagay. Sida ay taariikhyahanadu kala duwan la qiyaaso in xerada Cossack ah, waxaa jiray oo ku saabsan 36 kun oo qof (20 kun oo nin awood lixaad qaba, oo intoodii kalena way qaxootiga aan waxba galabsan).

Soo saarista in Lienz

May 18, 1945 British ka qaadeen is dhiibin ee qaxay. Cossacks lahaa in ay is dhiibaan ku dhowaad dhammaan hubka. Dadkaas iyaga ah, xeryaha gaar ah ayaa la soo saaray ee u dhow magaalada Austria ee Lienz.

Wadarta guud ee qiiqa mass of 1500 askari. Dhismaha amarka oo dhan (oo ay ku jiraan Guud) hoos been yeeray kulan, ka dibna go'doonsan ka waardiyayaal ah. oo iyaga ku dhex jiray Shkuro Andrey Grigorevich. xaqiiqooyinka Interesting uu Biography qasan naxdin leh. Ka dib markii sano ee nolosha nabad dibedda, wuxuu Qaatay sabab badiyay, laakiin ugu danbeyn la sumcad sida laahi Xuseen oo ah naasiga oo la siiyey xubnaha NKVD ah.

Trial iyo dil

Ka dib bixinta British tarxiilay saraakiil iyo Cossack kale. Waxay ahaayeen kuwii aan hubaysnayn iyo isdifaaci, iyo iyadoo ay sabab u ahaayeen awoodin in ay bixiyaan iska caabin ah. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ayaa isku dayay in USSR.

par Shkuro la Petrom Krasnovym iyo dhawr hoggaamiye oo kale ee iskaashi helay ciqaabta dilka. jirrabaadda kuwa Cossacks ahaa muujinta. Lagu eedeeyay hawlo argagixiso oo halgan hubaysan ka dhanka ah Midowga Soofiyeeti la deldelay. Andrew Shkuro toogasho ah ee Moscow on January 16, 1947. Ka hor geeridiisii, ayaa weli waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay ku noqdaan dalkooda.