X-shucaaca

X-rays, ka barta of view of physics, waa shucaaca electromagnetic, kuwaas oo Milanello kala duwan ee kala duwan oo ka soo 0,001 ilaa 50 nanomitir. Waxaa la ogaaday in 1895 by V.K.Rentgenom ee jirka dadka Jarmal.

By dabiiciga ah ee rays waxaa la xiriira shucaaca qoraxda. In spectrum ee ray qoraxda hirarka radio dheer yihiin. iyaga Behind waa iftiin infrared in indhuhu noo ogayn, laakiin waxaan u dareento sida kulaylka. Next iman rays ka soo cas buluug. Markaas - UV (A, B iyo C). Iyo midig ka dambeeya ee X-rays iyo rays gamma.

X- shucaaca (X-rays) waxaa laga heli karaa laba siyaabood: marka ku istaago in wax ka mid ah qayb ku amray oo electrons in guurka ka layers sareeya gudaha la sii daayo therethrough maraayay tamarta.

Si ka duwan iftiin muuqda, rays waxay leeyihiin dherer ah oo aad u ballaaran, sidaa darteed waa ay awoodaan in ay dhex gasho qalabka Doolaal, iyada oo aan la muuqataa, refracted, oo aan aruursaday iyaga oo ku.

Bremsstrahlung heli sahlan. Qurub lagu eedeeyay inta lagu guda jiro Fariin dhaadheer shucaaca electromagnetic. The ka weyn xawaaraha ee qayb ka ah oo Fariin Halkan ka af, ugu weyn ah ee shucaaca x-ray iyo Milanello noqdo yar yar. Xaaladaha intooda badan ku dhaqanka yaana ka ab ray lagu jiro deceleration of electrons ee adkaha ah. Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa in aad si loo xakameeyo isha shucaaca, fogaado khatarta ah ee gaadhista shucaaca sababtoo ah X-rays gebi ahaan ku ba'aan marka awoodda uu dansan yahay.

Isha ugu badan ee shucaaca sida - tube X-ray. Waxaa timaada shucaac isku mid ahayn. Oo waa hadiyad iyo jilicsan (ruxruxo dheer) oo adag (-ruxruxo gaaban) shucaaca. Jilicsan waxa lagu gartaa xaqiiqada ah in si buuxda loo nuugo by jidhka bini'aadamka, sidaas darteed waxaa dhaawac X-ray shucaaca keentaa laba jeer ka badan ka badan adag. Marka cindiga electromagnetic xad-dhaafka ah ee unugyada aadanaha ionization dhaawici kartaa unugyada iyo DNA.

Tube - tuubo vacuum la laba electrodes - cathode negative iyo anode wanaagsan. Marka kululaynta ee cathode ah uumi Xaggeeda electrons, ka dibna ay la degdegsiimada duurka koronto. Wajahay adag anodes, ay bilaabaan Iscelin kaas oo la Ulasocto warshadu hawada ku of shucaaca electromagnetic.

X-shucaaca kuwaas oo guryaha hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in daawada, wuxuu ku salaysan yahay helitaanka image hooska wax baaritaan ah shaashad xasaasi ah. Haddii jidhka oo laga helay iftiimi dogob ee rays isku midka ah, qiyaas hooska jidhka in laga baahin doonaa oo aan dhalanrog (saami). In dhaqanka, isha uu shucaacu ka badan yahay sida dhibic, sidaasi darteed waxa uu ku yaalaa meel fog ka soo nin oo ka soo daaha.

Si aad u hesho ah X-ray, qofka waxaa la dhigayaa dhexeeya tuubada X-ray iyo daaha ama film, ku simaha sida qalabka shucaaca. Sidaas darteed jaho lafta sawirka iyo unugyada kale ee cufan yihiin muujiyey in foomka of hoosku cad eegi barbardhigo badan oo ka gees soo jeeda meelaha yar bandhiga in uu u gudbiyo unugyada la nuugista yar. On X-rays uu qofku noqdo mid ah "semi-hufan".

Faafinta, X-rays waxaa la kala firdhiyey karaan iyo nuugo. Ka hor inta rays nuugista gudbin kartaa boqolaal mitir hawada. In arrinta cufan waxaa la nuugo inta ka dhaqso. Biological unugyada aadanaha waa Nuurre Aw, sidaa darteed nuugista ee rays waxay ku xiran tahay cufnaanta ee jirkooda nudaha. unugyada lafuhu ka nuuga rays ka dhaqso badan unugyada jilicsan, sababta oo ah waxa ku jira walax isagoo ah tiro badan qaaradda. Photons (hal ray walxaha) waxaa lagu nuugo unugyada kala duwan ee jidhka bini'aadamka siyaabo kala duwan, taas oo ka dhigaysa waxaa suurto gal ah si aad u hesho image duwan ah by X-rays.