Salka daciif ah iyo cusbada acid xoog by hydrolysis

Si aad u fahamto sida baxa cusbada hydrolysis in xal ay aqueous, si ay u bilaabaan qeexidda hannaanka joogo.

Qeexid iyo gaar ahaan hydrolysis

Marxaladani waxay ku lug leedahay saamaynta kiimikada ee udhigo biyo la udhigo cusbo sameeyay ay sabab u tahay saldhigga daciif ah (ama acid) iyo isbedel dhexdhexaad dareen-celin. cusbo kasta oo matali karaa sida wax soo saarka ah ee dhexgalka kiimikada dhexeeya saldhig oo acid ah. Iyadoo ku xiran waxa ay xoog aqoonsaday tiro ka mid ah Lahjadaha of socodka geedi socodka.

noocyada hydrolysis

In kimistari viewed saddex nooc oo ah fal-celin oo u dhexeeya siifilisku iyo biyo cusbo leh. habka kasta waxaa lagu fuliyaa la isbedel ku pH, taas daraaddeed waxaa la qiyaasayo in ay isticmaalaan go'aaminta index hydrogen noocyada kala duwan ee tilmaamayaasha. Tusaale ahaan, kala buxo dhexdhexaad acidic isticmaalo guduud phenolphthalein cawaaqib xumadoodu waxay ku haboon. Falanqeeyaan sifooyinka hydrolysis badan oo muuqashadii kasta. saldhig xooggan iyo mid itaal la go'aamin karaa by milmi ee miiska, iyo ciidan acid ogaado by miiska.

Hydrolysis ee waxbarashada ka

Tusaale ahaan cusbo noocan oo kale ah ka fiirsada chloride ferric (2). hydroxide birta (2) - saldhig daciif ah oo acid ah waa xoog badan yahay Aashito. Inta lagu guda jiro dareen biyo (hydrolysis) waxaa la aasaasay oo cusbo aasaasiga ah (hydroxychloride ferric 2) iyo sameeyay Aashito. Waxay u muuqataa in xalka acidic, si loo ogaado in ay suurto gal isticmaalaya buxo buluug ah (pH ka yar 7). Sidan buu soo baxa by hydrolysis ee waxbarashada, sida saldhigga daciif ah loo isticmaalo.

Tusaale kale, waayo, hydrolysis ku tilmaamay kiiska. Tixgeli cusbo chloride magnesium ah. hydroxide Magnesium - waa saldhigga daciif ah oo aashito - xoog leh. In geeddi-socodka is dhexgalka chloride taagoo biyo magnesium waxaa loo beddelay cusbo aasaasiga ah (hydroxychloride). hydroxide Magnesium, kuwaas oo formula guud ahaan matalayay sida M (OH) _2, wax yar L. biyo, laakiin xal u xoog Aashito, deegaan acidic.

hydrolysis ee anion ah

muuqashadii A dheeraad ah waxa lagu gartaa hydrolysis Cusbada taas oo la aasaasay by saldhig xoog (alkali) iyo acid ka itaalka daran. Tusaale ahaan, waayo, haddii ay taasi waxaan ka fiirsan carbonate sodium ah.

cusbo waxa uu leeyahay saldhig sodium xoog leh, oo ah carbonic acid daciif ah. Dhexgalka u taagoo biyo baxa la formation of cusbo ah acid - carbonate sodium, i.e. by hydrolysis waa anion ah. Dheeraad ah, waxa la sameeyey in xal of hydroxide sodium, taas oo ku siinaysaa xal ah deegaan xumadoodu.

Tusaale kale kiiskan. sulfite potassium - cusbo ah, taas oo la aasaasay by saldhig oo xoog leh - hydroxide potassium, oo taharyar junuud acid sulfurous. In geeddi-socodka is dhexgalka biyaha, (waayo, hydrolysis) waxaa la aasaasay hydrogensulfite potassium (cusbo acid) iyo hydroxide potassium (alkali). dhexdhexaad ah ee xalka waa xumadoodu, waxaa la xaqiijin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo phenolphthalein ah.

complete hydrolysis

cusbadii acid daciif ah oo saldhig daciif Oo Qaliin dhamaystiran hydrolysis. Isku day in aad ogaato waxa ay feature, iyo waxa alaabta loo sameeyay iyadoo ay sabab u reaction kiimikada.

Falanqeeyaan hydrolysis saldhigga daciif ah oo acid daciif ah in Tusaale aluminium tayadda. Tani cusbo hydroxide aluminium sameeyay, taas oo salka daciif ah oo acid daciif ah, tayadda hydrogen. By reaction biyo arkay hydrolysis dhamaystiran, taasoo keentay in gaaska hydrogen formation tayadda ah, iyo sidoo kale soo dadajin hydroxide aluminium. dhexgalka noocan oo kale ah waxay dhacdaa oo loogu talagalay waxbarashada iyo anion, sidaas daraaddeed, hydrolysis sida waxaa loo arkaa dhamaystiran.

Sidoo kale in isdhexgalka lagu dayan karo ee noocan biyo cusbo keeni kartaa tayadda magnesium. Iyadoo qayb ka ah cusbadu waa hydroxide magnesium, waxaa formula - mg (OH) 2. Tani waa saldhigga daciif ah, beelaya biyo. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira acid hydrosulphuric, taas oo ku itaal yar tayadda magnesium. By reaction biyo qaadataa meel hydrolysis dhamaystiran (waayo, waxbarashada iyo anion), si ay u sameeyaan tayadda soo dadajin hydroxide magnesium iyo hydrogen uu soo saaray qaab gaas.

Haddii aan ka fiirsan hydrolysis Cusbada oo lagu sameeyay la acid xoog leh oo salka xoog leh, waxaa la ogaadaa in aysan u daadato. dhexdhexaad ah ee xalka ah ee cusbada sida chloride, amooniyam sodium, potassium, weli dhex-dhexaad ah.

gunaanad

saldhig xooggan iyo mid itaal, cusbada acid taas waxaa loo aasaasay, saamayn natiijada dhexdhexaad dareen-celin hydrolysis ee xalka keentay. Hababka noocaas ahi waxaa si weyn loo qaybiyey ee dabiiciga ah.

Hydrolysis si gaar ah muhiim in Isbadal kiimikada ee qolof dhulka ee. Waxaa ku jira sulfides biraha, wax yar L. biyo. Sida ay hydrolysis dhacaa formation of tayadda hydrogen, qiiqa ay inta lagu guda jiro waxqabadka Kobenhagen on dusha sare ee dhulka.

dhagaxyada silicate in hydroxides kala guurka, taasoo keenta burburinta tartiib dhagaxa. Tusaale ahaan, sida malachite macdanta ah, waa wax soo saarka ee carbonates copper hydrolysis.

habka hydrolysis Intensive sidoo kale meel badaha. carbonates hydrogen ee magnesium iyo calcium, kuwaas oo laga soo qaaday oo biyo ah, waxay leeyihiin dhexdhexaad ah wax yar ka xumadoodu. Under xaaladaha sida, habka fiican ee photosynthesis meel dhirta badda, noolaha badda yihiin culus soo koraya.

saliid waxay leedahay nijaasta ahaa oo biyo ah iyo calcium iyo magnesium cusbada. In geeddi-socodka oo saliid ah kulaylinta, waa ay is dhexgalka uumiga biyaha. Inta lagu guda jiro hydrolysis ah, chloride hydrogen waxaa la aasaasay, taas oo, on reaction la biraha dhacdaa qalabka baabba '.