Iodide potassium

iodide potassium (Ki) waa cusbo ah hydriodic acid. In muuqaalka waa walax adag midab crystalline la a kiristaalo saaraayo-qaabeeya. iodide potassium hawada by kulaylinta ama by gaadhista hurdi iftiinka ay sabab u tahay qayilo ogsijiin of udhigo iodine si iodine aasaaska. Iyada oo heerkulka sii kordhaya milmi Cusbada ee biyaha uu kordho. In 100 g oo biyo ah ayaa la kala diri 128 g oo cusbo at 0 ° C, 145 g at 20 ° C, 176 g at 60 ° C, 209 g at 100 ° C. mass The gaws ee xarunta of 166,00277 g / mol. index The Refractive waa 1,667. Mugga 3.13 g / cm³. barta barafku 686 ° C. Ujeedadu waxay karaya ee 1330 ° C. Potassium Iodide yar hygroscopic (nuuga biyaha dhaba yar) badan leh iodide sodium, sidaas darteed waa u fududahay in ay ku shaqeeyaan waa.

iodide potassium waa wakiilka fudud yareeyo, waxaa si fudud oxidized by chlorine: 2KI + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2. Waxaa ka jawaabay iodine, oon la xirrira xal Lugol: Ki + I2 → KI3. cusbo The potassium ee hydriodic acid la diyaarin karaa by falcelinta of iodine la hydroxide potassium 6KOH + 3I2 = 5KI + KIO3 + 3H2O yareynta ama potassium iodate carbon 2KIO3 + 3c = 2KI + 3CO2. Midabka jaalaha ah oo cusbo ku dhacay oo muujinaysa qayilo ka iodide ah in iodine sida ay isla'eg falcelinta: 4KI + 2CO2 + O2 → 2K2CO3 + 2I2.

In dabiiciga ah, iodine joogo meel kasta, laakiin waa element dhif ah, tan iyo markii ay ka kooban tahay in dhammaan ilaha dabiiciga ah waa mid laga samri. Sida halogens kale, lagu gartaa falcelin sare, waxaa laga helaa sida caadiga ah ee foomka xeryahooda, kuwaas oo, iodides biraha alkali sodium iyo potassium, laakiin (duwan halogeen kale) ayaa sidoo kale qaab iodates, kala diri ee biyaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo waa inuusan marna ka jira sida iodide nitrogen ah (IN3), maadaama ay tahay mid aad u degganayn oo si degdeg ah sii yaraadeen la xidhiidha qarax. In biyaha badda ama laga helay ilo iodides dhulka hoostiisa iyo iodates ku jira xaddi qiyaastii siman. Tan iyo iodide potassium waa L. biyo, udhigo iodine ka joogaan badda, algae badda iyo kalluunka badda. Seafood waa isha ugu muhiimsan ee qaadashada aadanaha ee iodine, sida ay ku jiraan marar badan oo dheeraad ah xeryahooda iodine badan xayawaankii oo dalka degganaa. A wax cayriin ee aasaasiga ah ee wax soo saarka warshadaha ee iodine yihiin qodista biyo ama noocyo ka mid ah algae.

iodide potassium ku jira biyo qodista loo isticmaalo warshadaha in ay soo saaraan iodine: Ki + Cl2 → KCl2 + I2. Sidoo kale, waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa sida il of udhigo iodide. In kimistari gorfaynta, iodide potassium waxaa loo isticmaalaa titration iodometric redox. Paper, ayay ilmadeeda xal of milix iyo istaarijka, waxay ka caawisaa tayo ogaado jiritaanka chlorine, Allena ama oxidants kale, iyadoo ay wada joogaan of iodine kaas oo loo qoondeeyey ereygu iyo istaarijka dahaarka warqad jirsado buluug. Waxa loo isticmaalaa sida daro cuntada ee feed xayawaanka iyo cuntada aadanaha, in tiro yar, gud ee horumarka ah ee ka hortagga (qanjirka thyroid ballaadhisay) cudurada, kuwaas oo inta badan laga helay tiro ka mid ah goobaha juqraafiyeed ay sabab u tahay yaraanta dabiiciga ah ee iodine, iodide potassium, oo ay la socdaan iodate potassium, waxaa lagu darayaa milix caadi ah. The cuntada sidaas helay waxaa loo yaqaan milix iodized. Muddada kaydinta damaanad cusbo noocan oo kale ah waxaa ku koobnayn, sababtoo ah muddo, sarkhaansan yihiin xad dhaaf ah ogsijiin iyo carbon dioxide, Ki si tartiib ah oxidized si carbonate biraha iyo iodine aasaaska, taas oo markaas la uumibixiyey.

In daawada, iodide potassium waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida medicament ah. iodide potassium waa la heli karaa qaabab kala duwan qiyaasta: kiniin, xal afka, kiniinada dahaarka leh, dhibco lagu shubo indhaha, kiniin la calaashado. Daawooyinka magdhow u dhaca iodine ee jirka, waxay leeyihiin antithyroid (thyroid joogsada biosynthesis ee hormoonnada), mucolytic (liquefied xaako sambabada iyo fududeeyo in ay wax soo saarka), expectorant, anti-fangas, dhuuqin, radioprotective (ilaaliya shucaaca thyroid iyo ka hortagtaa nuugista ay radioiodine ) saamayn. WHO talinayo qiyaasta ay dhacdo in xaaladaha degdegga ah ee ku lug leh iodine shucaac ku xiran tahay da'da iyo waa:

• waayo, dadka ka weyn 12 sano - 130 mg maalin kasta;
• 3 ilaa 12 sano - 65 mg maalintii;
• da'doodu tahay 1 ilaa 36 bilood - 32 mg maalintii;
• caruurta da'doodu ka yar tahay 1 bil - 16 mg maalintii.

WHO ma ku talinaynaa for hortagga iodide potassium dadka ka weyn 40 sano.