Sharciga Ohm ee circuit xiran

Qof kasta oo doortay dayactir iyo dayactirka goobaha korontada ii qaaska ah, hadal si fiican u yaqaan macalimiinta: "Sharciga Ohm ee circuit xiran aad u baahan tahay in la ogaado. Xitaa tooso habeenkii ah, waxaa muhiim ah in ay awoodaan in ay u dejinayaan. Sababta oo ah waxa sal u ah injineernimada korontada oo dhan. " Indeed, joogto ah laga helay ah jirka Jarmal fiican Georgom Simonom Ohm, saamayn horumarinta xiga ee sayniska ee korontada.

In 1826 sano ah, qabashada tijaabo inaad wax ka barato marinka ee hadda korontada iyada oo kaari ah, Ohm shaaca ka qaaday xidhiidh toos ah oo u dhexeeya hadda awood bixisey in danab xoog circuit sahayda (in kasta oo ay dhacdo in this more sax ah in laga hadlo ciidanka electromotive EMF) iyo iska caabin ah ee kaari laftiisa. Tiirsanaanta ayaa aragti ahaan iyadoo ay sabab u muuqday sharciga Ohm ee circuit xidhan. feature muhiim ah: tacaluqa sharciga aqoonsaday aasaasiga ah waa ansax ah oo keliya ay ka maqan yihiin ciidamada dhibi dibadda. In si kale loo dhigo, haddii, tusaale ahaan, kaari waa duurka ah talantaalli magnetic, codsiga si toos ah samaynta wax aan macquul aheyn.

sharciga Ohm ee Bannaanka u xiran yihiin ayaa waxaa loo aqoonsaday in daraasadda ka mid ah qorsheyaasha fudud: (emf isagoo) u il awoodeed oo ka mid ah laba boosteejada ay resistor waa kirishbooyada, taas oo ay jirto dhaqdhaqaaq faray qayb hoose sidayaal amarka. Sidaa awgeed, hadda waa cabirku yahay xoog electromotive in ay iska caabin ah wadarta Bannaanka:

I = E / R,

halkaas oo E - ciidamada electromotive ee korontada ku, ku qiyaasay in volts; I - hadda, in amperes; R - resistor korontada, in ohms. Ogsoonow in sharciga Ohm ee circuit xidhan tixgelinayo dhammaan qaybaha R. In xisaabinta buuxiso circuit xiran by R resistor ka ogaadaan kaari resistivity lacagta (r), ilaha awoodda (r0). Taasi waa:

I = E / (R + r + r0).

Haddii caabiga gudaha ee r0 isha badan R wadarta + r weyn, hadda kuma xirna dabeecadaha load ku xiran. In si kale loo dhigo, danab il kiiskan uu yahay il hadda. Haddii qiimaha r0 waa yar yahay R + r, hadda waa dhigmayn in ay iska caabin ah wadarta dibadda, iyo il awoodeed oo ku abuuraa danab a.

Marka fulinta xisaabinta sax ah tixgeliyaan xataa khasaare danab ku jira laabatooyinka ee ka. ciidanka An electromotive waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa qiyaaso kala duwan yihiin laga yaabo in guud ahaan boosteejada xoogga at load ku riisanayo (circuit furan).

sharciga Ohm ee subcircuit loo isticmaalo si siman inta loop ku xiran. Farqiga u yahay in uusan xisaabinta qaadan Karin in lagu xisaabiyo EMF ah, laakiin keliya farqiga u iman kara. shirqool noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo yaqaan dhqaalaha. Xaaladdan oo kale jiro kiis gaar ah, kaas oo u ogolaanaya si loo xisaabiyo sifooyinka of Bannaankii korontada on kasta oo ka mid xubno ay. Waxaan ku qori oo ah qaab formula ah:

I = U / R;

halkaas oo U - danab ama faraqa ka iman karta volts. Waxaa la qiyaasay by voltmeter ah oo ku xiran in isku midka ah u boosteejada of probes ee element kasta (iska caabin). The keentay U-qiimaha mar walba waa ka yar EMF ah.

Dhab ahaantii, waxa uu ahaa formula tani waa ugu caansan. Ogaanshaha kasta oo laba qaybood oo ka mid ah caanaha, waxaad ka heli kartaa saddexaad. Xisaabinta wareeggeedii iyo xubno ka shaqeeyaan by yahay sharciga in qayb silsiladda.

sharciga Ohm ee circuit a magnetic waa inta la mid ah fasirkiisa Bannaanka korontada. Halkii kaari xidhan magnetic circuit waxaa loo isticmaalaa, isha waa gariiradda ah loogu fuuli jiray la maraayay hadda marayo windings ah. Iyadoo la raacayo, waxaa jira dheecaan magnetic xirtey at Bannaanka magnetic. daadanayo magnetic (F), wareegaya marayo waddo si toos ah waxay ku xiran tahay MDS qiimaha (force magnetomotive) iyo iska caabin ah waxyaabaha la marayo ka daadanayo magnetic:

F = F / dhexena;

halkaas oo F - daadanayo magnetic in Weber, F - MDS in amperes (mararka qaarkood Gilbert); Fuliyaan shirkad - iska caabin ah, taasoo keenta attenuation.