Waa maxay qasabka ah ama adeeg, oo ku saabsan taas oo aan waxba garan mayno

Wax Esportiu xaafadaha serfs sida filasho joogta ah qasabka ah ee soo socota. Haddii aan eegay at caddaalad aadka "dhigay", ayaa halis ku ah links ee soldiery soo baxay beesha nin kasta oo dhallinyaro ah disagreeable u dhaxaysa 17 iyo 32 sano. shuruud kaliya ahaa caafimaadka jirka ah xubin cusub ee, waxaa ka go'an at baaritaan si cadaalad dhamaystiran, ma maamuuso compositors Butros. Sayidka, ciidanka ma qaadan ma aha oo kaliya "curyaan ah, gooladaha iyo humpback", laakiin sidoo kale "chipped" oo ay leeyihiin iin cad muuqaalka.

Laga soo bilaabo taariikhda qasabka ah

Waa maxay adeegga ciidamada khasab guud ahaan? Bilowgii of this laga cabsado, laakiin lagama maarmaanka u ah jeer naxaysaan dhigay, tixraac qarnigii XVII ah. Inkasta oo markaas nuxurka qasabka ah ayaa sidoo kale meesha ka baxsan. Formation of Askarta caadiga ah iyo ciso, ciidamada dragoon wakhtigaas qaadeen ka dhan xaafadaha ururiyey "dadka datochnymi." Marka la barbardhigo sawirka badan nidaaminaya nooc danbe pre-Markos ma ahaayeen systemic, iyo doorashada ka dhacay, u badan tahay, by kala wadaago ka safafka ay nin, ma aha sidaas lagama maarmaan ah in bulshada.

By habka, mabda'a "ido madow", uma uu dayn ay ku tacaluqa oo u badan ka dib, marka in 1705 ka dhawaajisay eray cusub - "qasabka ah". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, caddaalad gaar ah ee dib u habaynta cusub weli. Beesha weli waa meel amarrada boqornimo kala duwan sida aad jeceshahay, laakiin geesinimada ah xal hore ayaa lagu arkay. A boqol oo dagaalyahaniin hadda ma jiraan wax ka yar 80% ee dadka ku lahaa oo aan qoys lahayn, iyo kaliya qadar yar, sababta oo ah sababo la sharrixin, iyo Goldogob amarkii wariyaasha tegey qoysaska mararka badan. Laakiin caddaalad this in dhamaadka ah ee 1757, markii item ee booska aan waxtar lahayn oo gebi ahaanba u dhaqaaqay doonista mushaarka-offs yimid.

mabaadii'da guud ee yeelataan shir qasabka ah

Ilaa 1736 qasabka galay jawaabta Ruush in yar, laakiin mabaadi'da aan beddelmi karin,

• waxaa soo hoos dhici fasalada oo dhan, iyadoo aan loo eegin muhiimadda fasalka;
• oo ahaa reer abtirsan hoos qasabka ah by magiciisii waxaa loo bixiyey la faahfaahinta of ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa laga saaray suurtogalnimada istaagin in uu meel qof kale. Laakiin dadka caadiga ah, iyo sidoo kale mar walba, oo gebi ahaanba ku tiirsan tahay doonista bulshada, ilaalada dhibic qorta tigidhada la xirfad sida in a "cap cas" Mrisho dhacay bezloshadniki ama wadayaal. Ama kaliya su'aashan in shirka Guud;
• Adeegga waxaa jadwalka ninna - ilaa wuxuu ahaa ninka ugu firfircoon jir ahaan iyo inuu qaado waajib ku ah awood, sidaas ayaa loo arkaa sida askari,
• ma go'an sharciyada sida in marka ay u dhigay iyo sida dad badan oo qaba tiro ka mid ah qoysaska (guryaha, bulshooyinka) in ay doortaan jirin by default. set kasta abuuray xaalado cusub, sida ay taas, oo waxaa lagu buuxiyo ciidanka.

Iyada oo 1736 ku yimid mudnaanta koowaad ee farcankiis sharaf leh - ayaa go'aanka golaha qoyska ka mid ah ayaa la dhigay, walaalaha kuwaas oo u adeega ee adeega, iyo kuwa ay gacanta ku beer baaxad weyn. Iyo adeeg cusub on time - 25 sano, ayaa loo oggol yahay inuu ku soo laabto nolosha dadka rayidka ah ayaa weli "in ra'iisul nolosha." 26 sano oo kale lahaa silco gobta shuruudaha shaqaalaynta "khafiifa", sida amarka 1762 Kanu waa warka culus ee xadgudubka gebi ahaanba la dhigay on garbaha dadka caadiga ah. Isla sanadkaas waxaa jira xisaab tartiib ah xorriyadda ka hawshii fasalada mudan, iyo sidoo kale shaqsiyaad.

Qasabka ah hoos Nicholas I

Boqortooyada Nicholas I, dhigay hagaajin weyn marka la eego adeega, taas oo ugu horrayn ka muuqataa in mudada joogitaanka ciidanka - sidaas, ee 1872, xeryaha nolosha horay 7 sano ahayd, ka dhanka ah ciidamada ku khasab hoos Peter 1, heshiiyaan in ay ahayd baad ah si farsamo yar.

Charter ka 1831 oggol yahay ku dhawaad bixiso ciidanka, bixinta kasta baahida gaarka ah nin dhallinyaro ah 1000 rubles. Laakiin waxay ahayd oo keliya qaado yar ee malab, tan iyo charter isla aasaasay si cusub waa sida soo socota:

• qasabka ah waa in hadda in la sameeyaa sanad kasta,
• a kun oo nin in ay ka yar waxaa waajib ku ah inuu soo qaado shan qof fudud sanno ah ugu baahan wanaajiyey - laga bilaabo 7 ilaa 10 qof iyo in ka badan tirada - sannadaha u argaggaxay.

Dagaalka looga soo horjeedo musuq-maasuqa in ciidanka

Pre-murmin xaalkooda danta in maamulada maxaliga ah ka muujin doonaa in Gudigga ah amarrada cusub, Nicholas Waxaan u maleeyay oo ku saabsan link a maamula in wakiil ka ah hal qof. Doorashada on sare ee Kalkaalinta Corps ee Tirinta Benkendorf, oo magiciisa ayaa hadda noqday ku dhawaad erayga reerka ah u dhacay. Tiri isla markiiba ka jawaabay in magacaabista iyo muujisay hufnaan dhif by bixinta sarkaal shaqaalaha kasta oo ay joogaan qoritaanka.

maamulka kormeerka, kuwaas waxaa weeye, observer ee wejiga sarkaalka ku lahaa xaq u leeyihiin inay soo sheegaan wixii dhiqle ama ku xad-goob aaminay si toos ah adjutant boqorka. Sababo la initiative this lama filaan ah, si ay ugu adeegaan iyadoo ay wada joogaan ee doorashada ee dagaalyahaniin may ahayn oo kaliya khasaari, laakiin sidoo kale khatar ah.

ciidanka ka dibna, ciidanka hadda!

Haddaba waa maxay qasabka ah, iyo sida ay ula xidhiidho xaaladda hadda jirta? Marka waxa stage of ciidanka Ruush tegey taliskii of adeeg ciidan universal, "obyazalovka" sida ay hadda ha yidhaahdeen, iyo sida ay u saameeyeen tayada tababarka ciidamada our?

1874tii waxaa la qorayaa karaa sida dhammaadka xilligii ee qasabka ah. 169 sano ka socday ciidanka ugu awooda badan dunida, isagoo wakhti lahaa si ay u sameeyaan inta lagu jiro waqtigan saamaynta in Russia ilaa hadda taageertaa.

ciidanka ee khasabka ah hoos Peter 1 gaadhay mass ugu sareeya ee 1725 - ka dibna dhawray wajiyada gobolka 200 kun oo askari ..

Saddex jeer ka badan in, waxaa lagu tala galay inta lagu guda jiro soo galo ku galay dhulka ay ciidamada Napoleon ee - ka 1805 si ay u 1812.

War Crimean ayaa helay kaydka arrin ilaa haatan ku maqan - oo ku saabsan mid ka mid milyan iyo badh dadka tan iyo bilowgii dagaalka iyo 300 oo kun oo askari oo dheeraad ah -. Si ay dhamaadka. Waa maxay qasabka ah ee mudadaas, aanan u hadli karin - lambarada isu hadleen: racfaanka ayaa ku dhowaad universal.

Badbaaday sida qaba Russia lahaa dagaalka Ruush-Turkish - oo mar kale ayaa la soo ururiyay oo ka hooseeya bayonets ka mid ah oo ah askar iyo saraakiil nus milyan-daray.

Hadda tirada ciidamada Ruush dhigantaa in muddo qarnigii XIX goor dambe, in uu yahay, waxa ay la micno diyaar joogto ah wejiga awood badan, mid ka mid ah Halabuurka millionth ah, oo ay tahay in times of nabadda iyo daacad ah si fiican u yaqaan qorista hay'adaha, in ka badan taas oo lulataa seef of Damocles Tiri Benkendorf.

Qaabkan ah formation of ciidamada - qorista khasab sanadlaha ah - waa si weyn u kala duwan ka "doonista kiiska", qasabka, iyo in uu yahay, waxa aad ka arki, hal sano ciidanka adag oo casri ah ka gees ah "oggol yahay" 25-kii sano ee racfaanka Butros iyo toddoba sannadood oo adeeg la "jilicsan" Nicholas xadgudubkaygu?