Waa maxay induction SNMna? Research berrinkii embryology tijaabo ah

induction SNMna waa habka is dhexgalka qaybo SNMna, Gudaheedana waxaa qayb ka mid ah waxay saamaysaa qaddar kale. Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa embryology ee tijaabo.

article ayaa u hibeeyeen ilaa ay mid ka mid ah arrimaha ugu muhiimsan iyo adag ee sayniska this: "? Maxaad ula jeeddaan induction SNMna"

A yar oo taariikh

Arrin ku induction SNMna la ogaaday in 1901 by saynisyahano Jarmal sida Hans Spemann iyo Hilde Mangold. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee habkan waxaa lagu bartay by tusaale ahaan ka mid ah gashto ee lafdhabarka, kuwaas oo ku jira xaalad ah SNMna. Taariikhda ayaa tusaalooyin iyo tijaabooyinka badan oo ku saabsan mowduuca, kaas oo ku salaysan yihiin aragtida ah ee Spemann.

xiqiijiyay

Sida hore loo sheegay, induction SNMna - waa habka is dhexgalka ee embriyaha waxay. Sidaas, sida la xiqiijiyay in, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah unugyada in dhaqmaan on unugyada kale sida qabanqaabiyayaasha, oo iska xanaajin isbeddel ah ee horumarinta. Si aad u si cad u muujinaya habka, saynisyahano ah ee 20 jirka ah ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay ka sameeyeen taxane ah oo tijaabo, taas oo sharaxaad ka faahfaahsan hoos ku.

Tijaabada Hans Spemann

Sidaas darteed of tijaabo uu, Dr. Spemann shaaca ka qaaday qaab in horumarka meel ku tiirsanaanta adag ee ka mid ah xubnaha dadka kale. Tijaabada la sameeyay on Triton. Spemann ka dambe ee embriyaha galay saabka caloosha qaybtii dibinta kale ee blastopore ee transplanted. Sidaas darteed, in meesha transplanted xubin, wuxuu bilaabay dhismaha ee embriyaha cusub. Sida caadiga ah marna caloosha tuubada neural.

Salaysan waayo-aragnimo, dhakhtarku soo gabagabeeyey in ay jiraan qabanqaabiyeyaasha in saamayn horumarinta dheeraad ah u shaqeeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaabiyaasha siin karaa bilowga ah oo kaliya haddii unugyada aqoon. Maxay ka dhigan tahay? Under aqoonta loola jeedaa in awoodda wax embriyaha in la beddelo ciqaabtooda presumptive sarkhaansan jiray cayn kasta oo saamayn. In daraasadda ee isdhexgalka induction ee noocyada kala duwan ee chordates, cilmi gabagabeeyey in dhinacyada aqoonta iyo shuruudaha noolaha kala duwan yihiin muuqaalada badan shakhsiga. Taasi waa, qabanqaaba-falka, haddii gacanta waa inay awoodaan inay qaataan inductor ah, laakiin dhammaan noolaha geedi socodka gaar ah dhacdaa siyaabo kala duwan.

Tirinnaa in horumarka ee jidhka - tahay ficil silsilad, ma abuuri karaan kale oo aan hal unug. induction embriyaha si tartiib tartiib ah qeexayaa morphogenesis iyo kaladuwan ee xubnaha. Sidoo kale, habka this waa aasaas u ah formation of muuqaalka dibadda ee qofka soo koraya.

Research Hilde Mangold

Waxaan ahaa arday ka qalin ah Hans Spemann - Hilde Mangold. Iyada oo dexterity la yaab leh, waxay awooday in ay fuliyaan taxane adag oo tijaabo la uurjiifka Triton cqaadir (1.5 mm dhexroor). Kala jeermiga ka mid gabal yar oo dhar ah, waxaa lagu transplanted in ay embriyaha of noocyada kale. ayay weliba, u doortay inuu qaybaha embriyaha transplant, halkaas oo formation of unugyada kaas oo markii danbe ay noqotay in la abuuri layers jeermiga. transplant embriyaha isaga on qayb ka mid ah embriyaha kale sii waday in ay si guul leh u horumariyaan. A meeshoodii gabal maro siiyey kor u qaada jirka cusub, cilmiga la siiyey dib, dhabarta, caloosha iyo madaxa.

Waa maxay muhiimadda uu sameeyay tijaabo? In koorsada ee ay jiritaanka Mangold caddeeyeen in induction SNMna. Tani waa suurto gal, maxaa yeelay, dad tiro yar ayaa kuwan sifooyin u gaar ah, waxaa loo magacaabay by qabanqaabiyaha.

noocyada induction

Waxaa jira laba nooc: induction homonomous heteronomous iyo induction. Waa maxay iyo waxa faraqa u? Nooca ugu horeeya - geeddi-socodka ah, taas oo ah unugyada transplanted lahaa in la dib hoos laxanka guud, taas oo ah, waxay siinaysaa dhalashada ilaa qaar ka mid ah jidhka cusub. Second dhirfinaya isbedel unugyada ku wareegsan. Waxyaabaha xaadiriyaan horumarka oo isku jiho ah.

The hababka aasaasiga ah gacanta

Waayo, Hufnaan weyn, eeg shaxda hoose. Waxaan iyada u bixiyaan tusaale inaad wax ka barato habka aasaasiga ah ee gacanta of induction SNMna.

muujinta this ifafaale helay marxaladaha kala duwan ee horumarineed ee u shaqeeyo ah. Currently, induction SNMna ayaa bartay si ballaadhan.