Waa maxay electromagnet ah? Noocyada iyo ujeedada ay

Maqaalka in electromagnet ah sida, waxa sal u shaqeeyo, iyo wixii meelaha loo isticmaalaa noocan ah ee birlabta.

magnetism

Malaha mid ka mid ah ugu cajiib ah, laakiin waqti isku mid ah falcelinta jireed fudud waa magnetism. Oo weliba in ka badan saddex kun oo sano ka hor, culimada badan ee qadiimiga ah Greece iyo Shiinaha ayaa lagu yaqaan inay guryaha aan caadi ahayn "dhagaxyo magnetic."

Isla mar ahaantaana, magnet waa wax cusub, xataa ugu awooda badan - oo ku saleysan neodymium. Waxa badanaa la iibin sidii Eebey ama la kulmaan iyaga waxaa laga yaabaa in noocyo kala duwan oo ah alaabta iyo habab. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad yar ogahay magnetism sida ay muhiim in horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada.

Laakiin bilowgii qarnigii XIX waxaa la abuuray by qalab sida electromagnet ah. Waa maxay electromagnet ah, sida ay u shaqayso iyo meesha laga codsado? Tani waa waxa aan ka hadli doonaa in this article.

qeexid

Electromagnet - qalab gaar ah, hawlgalka ah taas oo beer magnetic dul codsiga of koronto. Xaaladaha intooda badan, waxa ay ka kooban tahay electromagnets of fuuli hoose iyo ubucda ah, taas oo wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin ferromagnetic.

gariiradda waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyey oo ah naxaas ah ama aluminium silig of thicknesses kala duwan, si taxadar leh daboolay madhxiya. Laakiin waxaa jira electromagnets qalabka superconducting. Isu diirkja sida magnetic of steel, Alloys bir-nickel ama bir. In si loo yareeyo khasaaraha in ay hadda Eddy, ee diirkja magnetic ka samaysan yihiin set qaab oo dhan shabaqa khafiif ah. Imminka waxaannu garanaynaa waxa magnet ah. Ha ka fikiro si aynu si faahfaahsan taariikhda qalab waxtar.

story

electromagnet abuura tixgeliyo Uilyam Sterdzhen. Waxa uu ahaa kii 1825 ka dhigay magnet ugu horeeyay ee noocan oo kale ah. Qaab ahaan qalabka waa gabal cylindrical bir ah, kaas oo uu ku dhaawacay agagaarka silig copper qaro weyn dahaaran. Waqti uu u ogol yahay koronto ka ah guryaha magnet ul bir ah helay. Oo marka u socodka hadda waa kala gooyey, magnetism ah qalabka oo dhan si degdeg ah ka lumay. Waa tayada this - si ay awood ama gab haddii loo baahdo - iyo ogolaanaya isticmaalka electromagnets in tiro ka mid ah dhinacyo tiknoolaji iyo warshadaha.

Waxaan ka fikiray su'aasha ah waxa electromagnet ah. Haddaba, waxaan u falanqeeyaan noocyada ay aasaasiga ah. Waxay ku kala xiran tahay habka ee guud ahaan beer magnetic. Laakiin shaqo isku mid.

noocyada

electromagnets The waxaa ka mid ah noocyada soo socda:

• Dhexdhexaad DC. In this heshiis ka daadanayo magnetic ee ay hadda korontada si joogto ah iyada oo loo marayo gariiradda maray. Taas macnaheedu waa in ciidamo ka mid ah jiidashada of electromagnet ku kala duwan taas oo ku xidhan oo kaliya on qiimaha hadda halkii ay jihada ee loogu fuuli jiray.
• Kala fog DC. tallaabo ee electromagnet ee noocan ah wuxuu ku salaysan yahay joogitaanka laba fluxes magnetic madax banaan. Haddii aan ka hadlo kala qaybinta, joogitaankeeda waxaa badanaa lagu abuuray by magnet joogto ah (marmar dhif ah - electromagnets dheeraad ah), iyo waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la abuuro ciidan soo jiidasho leh marka gariiradda la bakhtiiyey. Oo sida ficil of electromagnet ku xiran tahay baaxadda iyo jihada of hadda korontada oo guuro ee loogu fuuli jiray.
• AC. In qalabka sida, gariiradda solenoid waa korontada AC powered. Iyadoo la raacayo, la soo noqnoqoshada ah oo ka daadanayo magnetic badala ay jihada iyo magnitude. ciidanka jiidashada A kala duwan ee magnitude oo keliya, taas oo ah sababta oo ah "gaboowday" ka ugu yaraan in ay qiimo ugu badnaan at inta jeer ah oo qiime a double la eego inta jeer ee ay sahayda ee hadda korontada.

Iyadoo in, waxa views ay yihiin, waxa aan hore u xeel dheer. Haddaba, ha ka fikiro si aynu tusaale u ah isticmaalka electromagnets.

warshadaha

Malaha qof kasta ugu yaraan hal mar, laakiin aragnay kala duwanaansho qalabka sida magnet qaado. Tani "Sabaayad" qarada waaweyn oo dhexroor kala duwan, taas oo uu leeyahay weyn ciidamada soo jiidasho leh oo loo isticmaalo siday xamuul, biraha duugga ah, iyo guud ahaan biraha kale. sahlanaato waxaa ka mid ah waa in xoog ku filan off - iyo load a oo dhan isla markiiba goostay, iyo qeybsanaan. Tani waxay si weyn u fududeyneysa habsocodka of loading iyo dejinta.

xoogga electromagnet ah, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, waxa loo xisaabinayaa la formula soo socda: F = 40550 ∙ B ^ 2 ∙ S. Ina keena aynu ka fiirsanayn in faahfaahin dheeraad ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, F - waa ciidan ee kiilo (oo sidoo kale la qiyaasi karin, in Newtons), B - qiimaha induction ah, iyo S - shaqeeya bedka of qalabka.

daawo

In qarnigii XIX goor dambe, electromagnets ee loo isticmaalay dawo. Mid ka mid ah tusaale ahaan sida - qalab gaar ah in laga saaro laga yaabaa indhaha hay'adaha shisheeye (faaradda biraha, miridhku, miisaanka, iwm) ka.

Iyo in aannu mar, electromagnets ayaa waxaa sidoo kale si weyn loo isticmaalaa in daawada, iyo malaha waa mid ka mid ah qalabka, kuwaas oo dhan maqlay oo ku saabsan - Waa MRI. Waxaa ka shaqeeya ku saleysan magnetic resonance imaging, iyo, dhab ahaantii, waa electromagnets weyn oo xoog badan.

qalabka

Sidoo kale, magnet oo kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa in injineernimada kala duwan iyo qalabka korontada, ee ka howgala gudaha, sida qufulo. qufulada noocan oo kale ah waa ku haboon in ay si dhakhso ah oo u fudud in ay ku shaqeeyaan yihiin, laakiin waxa ku filan in ka furid degdeg ah dhismaha - iyo dhammaan iyaga ka mid ah waa laga furi doonaa, oo waa mid aad u sahlan haddii dab.

Iyo, dabcan, shuqulka Relay oo dhan waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa on mabaadi'da electromagnetism.

Sida aad arki karto, tani waa qalab aad muhiim u ah in badan ayaa la isticmaalay ee beeraha kala duwan ee sayniska iyo farsamada.