Taariikhda kubbadda laliska. Taariikhda soo bixitaanka iyo horumarinta volleyball

Ilaa horraantii 1930-laliska caalamiga ah ee saaxadda dayacay qayb ka mid ah wakhtiga firaaqada iyo madadaalada. History of muuqaalka kore ee ciyaarta, "volleyball" on qaaradood oo kala duwan kala duwan tahay, maxaa yeelay, sharciyo kala duwan ayaa ka jira meelo badan oo adduunka ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horyaalka qaranka ayaa la ciyaaray dalal badan (tusaale ahaan, in Yurubta Bari, halkaas oo heerka ahaa sare oo ku filan). Sayidka, volleyball noqday ciyaaraha tartanka sii badanaya, lagu gartaa hawlgallada jirka iyo farsamada sare. Sida ay kulligood waxay bilaabeen?

Aabbaha volleyball, William G. Morgan

awoowe ee ciyaarta caanka ah ee maanta waxa uu ku dhashay 1870 magaalada Lockport New York, halkaas oo uu ku qaatay sano uu carruurnimada, dhigashada dugsi dadweyne oo ka shaqeeya doon aabbihiis xeebta ee Erie ee Canal jir. In 1891, qaddar keenay dhallinyarada Morgan James A. Naismith, kuwaas oo ahaa ku Qaddarray si ay u noqdaan awoowe ee kubada kolayga. Ka dib ka qalin Dugsi u diyaarin in Northfield, Morgan sii watay waxbarashada ee International Young Christian Association Ragga (YMCA), Springfield ee (hadda Springfield College). In Springfield ciyaartoyda da'da yar, horumarinta xirfadaha ciyaaraha, ka qeyb galay qeyb ka mid ah kooxda kubada cagta college caanka hoos jihada of A. Alonzo Stagg, mid ka mid ah "Grand Masters of kubada cagta." In 1894, ka dib ka qalin dugsiga sare, Morgan isku raacay in la soo jeedinta ah Agaasimaha ururka oo qaatay tababare meel la mid ah in Holyoke Massachusetts. Waa sheekada volleyball la dhigay waqtigan. Si kooban waxaan dhihi karaa in ay tahay in James A. Naismith mahad, Morgan helay fursad uu ku dhalin ay xiddiga garoonka ciyaaraha.

kulanka A loogu talagalay dadka da'da dhexe?

In 1895, ka hor inta agaasimaha William. G. Morgan dhibaato: xirfadaha ciyaaraha iyo tababar in lacagta loo baahan yahay waa in ay helaan dadka da 'kasta, laakiin cusub ee ay heleen ciyaarta kubbadda kolayga ayaa noqday in carruurta loo jecel yahay. waxay ahayd mid aad u adag, waayo, ganacsatada maxaliga ah ee da'da dhexe, sida kor u qaadeen oo badan oo tamar iyo looma oggola in aad isku dejiso. Ka hor inta Morgan dhibaato - waxaad u baahan tahay in ay la yimaadaan jimicsiga sida, kuwaas oo aad farxad iyo ka dib shaqada iyo waqtiga nasashada qadada ka ciyaari kara. Sida bayaanka lagu qeexay dhibaatada laftiisa Morgan: "Kulanka waa in la dardar ciyaaraha xoog leh, laakiin aan lahayn xiriir dagaal jir ahaaneed."

Markaas ayuu go'aansaday in la abuuro khaasatan dhowr kulan fiican iyo wax cusub sameeyo, Tani waa jidka horumarka soo maray taariikhda ee ciyaarta. basketball Laliska waxaa ka mid ah xubno ka (kubad), tennis (mesh), kubadda gacanta (isticmaalaya feed Buugga kubad meel fog ka), baseball (fikrad innings). All xirfadaha si guul ah soo bixitaankii ah "mintonet" ciyaarta sida haddii ay yeedhay abuuraha ahaa. Inkastoo qirashada ugu horeysay ciyaarta ahaa dhamaystirnayn, weli waxaa cadaatay in ay guul wayn, inuu ku guuleysto dhagaystayaasha ah ee YMCA shir isboortiga a of Directors, lagu qabtay Springfield.

Taariikhda dhacdo of volleyball waxa ay leedahay in shir this, Dr. Alfred Halstead, Professor Sprinfildskogo College, ku bixiyeen sidii ciyaarta horyaalka erayga "volleyball".

Amendment iyo dib u eegista sharciyada

Tiro badan oo ah isbedelka taariikhda la soo dhaafay ee ciyaarta laliska in nalagu soo dajiyey hab noocan oo kale ah, sida aannu iyada u aqoonsanno maanta. Sida hore u soo sheegnay, ugu horreeya oo dhan, beddeleen magaca asalka ah ee ciyaarta. Waafaqsan, waxa ay ahaan laheyd adag tahay in la damacsan Karch Kiraly (ciyaaryahanka American volleyball, 3 mar noqday horyaalka Olympic ee volleyball classical iyo xeebta), ciyaaro xeebta ee mintonet! Tirada ciyaartoyda ayaa sidoo kale beddelay: marka hore kooxda loo ogolaaday in ay noqdaan inta badan ciyaartoydiisa sida ku haboon yahay inuu ku nus ka mid ah aagga meter 10x5 ah, kuwaas oo sagaal qof. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii qaar ka mid ah tabo cusub hoos ilaa 6 qof kooxda.

kulan Hore ee gym Morgan uu kubad la ciyaaray camera rubberized. Laakiin 1896, shirkad ciyaaraha "Spalding" daayay ugu horeysay si rasmi ah volleyball, iyo 1900, foomka iyo miisaan gool caadiga ah waxay ahaayeen ku dhowaad isku mid ah kuwa cabbir loo isticmaalo maanta.

Roobka ayaa ahaa mid ka sarreeya kulamadii ugu dambeeyay si ay u sameeyaan more babac ciyaarta of laliska. Rules of ciyaarta iyo taariikhda horumarka tan iyo markaas si weyn u habaynta. Maanta, height Roobka waa 2.43 m, iyo in yar oo ah in ka badan 2.24 m loogu tala galay dumarka. Iyadoo la tixraacayo sharciyada asalka score kooxda kubbadda laliska ee ahaa 21 dhibcood inay ku guuleystaan, iyo in 1917, tiradaas ayaa la dhimay ilaa 15. Sidoo kale, in 1922, tirada kubada ogol taabto kooban saddex.

Laliska ka baxsan Maraykanka

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in taariikhda ah ee volleyball waxaad fartaan Wannaagga xad si tartiib ah, waayo, dhowrkii sano ee ugu horeeya, si deg deg ah uu shishadeeda America mahad wakiilada ururada isboortiga, kuwaas oo inta badan ka qayb-galay dugsiyada adeegayaasha ah ee Asia. Game in waqti gaaban ayaa kibirka oo meel ka mid ah Ciyaaraha Bariga qaaday, iyo in 1913 hoos u degeen iyo kubbadda laliska ee Russia. Inta lagu guda jiro tartanka caalamiga ah, kaas oo soo bilowday 1950, Russia ahaa kooxda ugu awooda badan oo ay muujiyeen natiijo fiican. In Europe, si ballaaran xiiso volleyball inta lagu jiro dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka.

In 1913, taariikhda kubbadda laliska ayaa waxaad fartaan in Asia hufan, tani waa sanadkii ciyaarta lagu daray barnaamijka Bariga Games ugu horeysay Fog, abaabulan ee Manila. Waa in la ogaadaa in ee cayaarta by xeerarka huriye muddo dheer Aasiya, kuwaas oo loogu tala galay kooxda ka mid ah 16 ciyaaryahan, (waayo, dad badan, iyo horumarinta ee ciyaarta).

caan ugu weyn ee Isboortiga uu helay ka dib waxaa la abuuray gacanta ku rasmiga ah iyo matalaadda. In 1928, waxaa jiray ku Association of the volleyball United States 1947. waxaa loo baxshay Laliska Xiriirka Caalamiga ah (FIVB). In 1949, horyaalka raggii ugu horeeyay ee Prague, Czechoslovakia.

Index caan

koritaanka Muujiyeyaasha in tirada ciyaartoyda ee volleyball waxaa si joogto ah u koraya, sida maqaalka ayaa sheegay sheekada ee 1916, uu qoray Robert K. Kabbunom leh ka qaybgalka "Spalding". Sida laga soo xigtay qiyaasaha Kabbuna, tirada ciyaartoyda ay gaareen wadar ahaan 200 000 oo qof, kuwaas oo kooxo dhalinyaro ah kala qaybsan yihiin sida soo socota: in YMCA (wiilal, ragga yar-yar iyo dadka waayeelka ah) - 70 000 oo qof oo ku nool YWCA ah (gabdhaha iyo dumarka) - 50 000 oo qof .. dugsiyada (wiilal iyo gabdho) - 25 000 oo qof. iyo colleges (wiilasha) 10 000 oo qof.

In 1916, uu ururku uu awood u yeedho kobaca awoodda badan ee YMCA ee caan ah ciyaarta ka mid ah ardayda of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), la daabacay go'an ee xeerarka iyo taxane ah oo articles ku saabsan laliska.

Jirdhisku on cammuudda

In 1940 wuxuu horumariyo style ka duwan laliska. Kooxaha ka mid ah laba ama afar ciyaaryahan oo u tartami on tartamada impromptu on xeebaha bacaadka of California, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan kooxaha ugu fiican waxay bilaabeen inay u safraan kor ama hoos xeebta si ay ula kulmaan shakin karaa kooxo kale. The tartanka ugu horeysay xeebta volleyball waxaa la qabtay California ee 1948

Guusha ugu weyn ee kubbadda laliska xeebta yimid ka dib markii warbaahinta telefishanka ee horyaalka lagu qabtay ciyaarihii Olympic ee Atlanta ee 1996. Sheekada ee ciyaarta ayaa waxaa ay astaan u tahay guusha cajiib ah FIVB Swatch World Tour ah, iyo kubbadda laliska ee xeebta ayaa furay brand waddo cusub oo heer caalami ah.

xeebta volleyball

ururka kubbadda laliska ee xeebta waxaa la aasaasay 1965 iyadoo ujeedada kaladuwan iyo simayo xeerarka iyo tartan rasmi ah. By 1976, ciyaartoyda ugu fiican tartanka, waayo lacag abaalmarin ah sida ciyaartoyda loo aqoonsan yahay in 1983 la aasaasay Ururka xirfadlayaasha kubbadda laliska (AVP) ciyaartoyda lab. Waayo, pool abaalmarinta ah ciyaartoyda loo aqoonsaday ciyaartoyda ugu fiican a tartamaan laliska. Haweenka sameeyay ay urur u gaar ah sannadkii 1986.

Marka star Olympic volleyball bilaabay si uu u qabto tartamada on xeebaha, isboortiga iyo xataa more caan noqday. Beach laliska ayaa faafin ka California si Florida ka dibna dalalka kale, xitaa kuwa aan lahayn xeebaha. Meelaha qaarkood, waxaan gudaha ciyaaray on goobaha ciid. By 1993, volleyball xeebta waxa uu noqday sidaas oo caan ah oo dalka Mareykanka ah in tartanka waxaa lagu baahiyey telefishanka qaranka.

Sanadkii 1987, ciyaartii ugu horeysay oo caalami ah oo u dhexeeya kooxaha labadii nin ee (volleyball). Haweenka ayaa ciyaaray tartankii ugu horeeyay oo ka mid ah qorshe noocan oo kale ah ee 1993

abaalmarinta Gold

Si dhakhso ah ay caddaatay in ma aha oo kaliya in jacaylka dhacay volleyball ragga da'da dhexe sidii markii hore la uuraysatay, laakiin sidoo kale gabdhaha yar yar. horyaalka ugu horeeya ee US qaranka kubbadda laliska ee loogu tala galay dumarka waxaa lagu ciyaaray 1949, ka dib 54 sano ee ciyaarta waxa uu ku dhashay. tartanka ugu horeeyay ee caalami ah ee Moscow loogu tala galay dumarka la qabtay 1952

Maanta, dad iyo tartamada haweenka ee volleyball classical iyo xeebta waa qayb ka mid ah ciyaaraha olombikada ee ka. First waxa ay noqotay sport ah Olympic 1964 ee Japan. dalka martida loo yahay - Japan iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti ku kulmay finalka labada madaxda iyo ciyaartoyda Soviet qaadeen dahabkii oo ku jirta qeybta haweenka ee. In category ragga ee laliska ayaa sidoo kale faa'iido ah ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, ka dib markii ku guuleystay ciyaarihii ugu horeeyay ee Olympic, ciyaartoyda our ayaa badisay biladood oo mid kasta oo ka mid ah shantii kulan ee soo socota. Kooxda kubbadda laliska nin ee Maraykanka u suurtagashay in ay ku guuleysato guul 1984 iyo 1988 GG ah

taariikhda soo bixitaanka iyo horumarinta volleyball oo ciidda ku yimid danbe ee ciyaarta classic. Beach volleyball noqday isboortiga ah Olympic ee Atlanta oo keliya 1996 (ee tartanka u dhexeeya Maraykanka, Brazil iyo Australia).

Intii lagu guda jiray tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ee ciyaarta ayaa heshay wareeg cusub oo horumarineed ee garoonka ayaa waxaa sports: dhacdooyinka caalamiga guulaystay koobabka waa sida FIVB Championship Adduunka, World League, Championship Adduunka Grand Prix, Olympic Games.

volleyball Russia

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in volleyball waxaa been abuurtay in America, ee Russia, ciyaar si deg deg ah ku qabteen iyo in jacayl ku dhacay. Sidaas badan si ay in Germany waxaa la odhan jiray dad Ruushka. Oo layaabna ma leh, maadaama ay tahay kooxda heysata horyaalka Ruushka siiyey sifooyinka gaarka ah ciyaarta: kar, athleticism, xawaaraha. Back ee 1920, iyadoo ka qaybgalka tababarayaasha American ee dhowr magaalo oo Ruush ah ayaa abaabulay kooxaha kubbadda laliska, iyo in 1922, wuxuu noqday xiiso isboortiga ee Moscow, waxa ay ka mid tahay manhajka. ciyaartoyda Young meel kasta ay bilaabeen inay u tartamaan ciyaartan. Dhammaan Jamhuuriyadda Midowga Soofiyeeti kasbatay ciyaarta aqoonsi, gaar ahaan ka dib markii ay daro ciyaaraha. Kooxda heysata horyaalka Soviet 4 jeer qaadeen dahabkii oo koobka aduunka, 6 jeer noqday guuleystay horyaallada caalamiga ah iyo 12 jeer ku guuleysatay of Europe.

Ka dib burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti kuma dhammaanayo taariikhda kubbadda laliska ee Russia. In 1991, All-Ruush Laliska Federation la abuuray, taas oo uu ilaaliyo, aqoonta oo ka mid ah macallimiinta Soviet. In 1993, kooxda ragga ee ka qeyb qaadanaya League adduunka, taas oo meedka meesha labaad. In isla sannaddaas Turku ciyaartoyda hesho biladda maarta ee koobka Intercontinental. Tan waxa la taxane ah oo shil ilaa 1999 marka tababaraha kooxda u muuqataa G. Ya Shipulin, kaas oo kooxda ka helo. Bilad lacagtii tartanka Yurub oo ku guuleystay Koobka Adduunka. Jidka si Lavrov ahaa mid aad u adag, sababtoo ah kooxda Ruush hor kooxaha ugu xooga badan oo ka mid ah Netherlands, Italy, Czech Republic, Greece, Yugoslavia. Laliska Russia mar magooshay kaliya ee 2002, markii kooxda kasbadeen guusha ee League Adduunka.

Munaasabadan ayaa waxaa soo socda - Koobka Adduunka iyo Olympics ee Beijing - ayaa la calaamadeeyay by natiijooyin wanaagsan ee ciyaarta, iyo guuldarada muhim in tartanka kama dambaysta ah, iyo Bronze weli deggan weheliyay ciyaartoyda. 2012-2013 sanad waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay by guulo cusub ..Aqrisay Russia - qaatay ciyaarihii Olimbikada ee 2012 iyo koobka qaramada yurub ah.

Taariikhda kubbadda laliska ee tirooyinka. The dhacdooyinka ugu weyn iyo taariikhaha

1895 William G. Morgan (1870-1942) waxay abuurtaa volleyball play ah.

1896: horumariyo iyo rido-soo-saarka kubada for laliska.

1922: The horyaalka horeeyay ee lagu qabtay Brooklyn, New York, kaas oo ka qeyb galey 27 kooxood waxaana 11 dal.

1928, waxaa iska cad in tartan iyo sharciyada loo baahan yahay. Waxa asaasay Ururka American ee laliska.

1930: dhalashada Beach Laliska on xeebaha Santa Monica, California.

1934: ansixinta iyo aqoonsiga garsoorayaasha qaranka ee kubbadda laliska.

1947 aasaasay Laliska Xiriirka Caalamiga ah (FIVB); si rasmi ah u qoran taariikhda iyo xeerarka laliska.

1948: The tartanka xeebta ugu horeysay.

1949: horyaalka International ee Prague.

1964: Laliska ku jira liiska Olympic Games ee Tokyo.

Ururka xeebta volleyball sameeyay (CBVA): 1965.

1983: In la sameeyo Ururka Xirfadlayaasha in volleyball (AVP).

1996: volleyball xeebta ayaa sameeyay ciyaartoodii ugu horeysay u sidii cayaareed ah Olympic.

1997: Deyn Blenton ayaa noqday ciyaaryahankii ugu horeeyay ee African-American xirfadeed ee kubada cagta xeebta, heli guusha tartanka Miller Lite / AVP.

2007: Karch Kiraly waxay meel mustaqbalkiisa hugaaminaya, tegaayo ka danbeeya sumadda ah tirtiri karin. Kiraly - waa taariikhda kubbadda laliska. Si kooban waxaan dhihi karaa oo ku saabsan guulaha uu ku guuleystay tartanka 24 sano, oo uu kooxda u soo baxay semi-finalka ee ka badan 75% oo ka mid ah horyaalka oo dhan, taas oo uu ka qayb.