Soviet Russia: sano ah 1920

In 1917-1918, waxaa dhacay isbadalo badan oo la taaban karo ee map siyaasadda dunida. ka gaabin ee Nicholas II oo raacay dhowr bilood ka dib in October Revolution keentay in burburkii Empire Ruush iyo dhismaha on arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee oo ka mid ah-state quruun ay. Sidoo kale waqtigan waxaa loo kala qaybiyey Austria-Hungary. Dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka lahaa natiijada musiibo si burburkii dalalka caalamiga weyn - waa ku daaraysaa ah raadadkii.

Soviet Russia: Sannadihii jiritaanka

Periodization oo ka mid ah marxaladaha taariikhiga ah ee horumarka oo ka mid ah dhulalka, kaas oo la sameeyay ka dib burburkii Empire Ruush ah, ayaa had iyo jeer lagu muransan yahay. Tusaale ahaan, waxay qaadan ereyga si fiican u yaqaan "Soviet Russia". Years of jiritaanka dawlad ama urur dhul juqraafi of taariikhyahanadu kala saaro kooxaha kala duwan siyaabo kala duwan.

Qaar ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in gobolka loo yaqaan Russia Soviet ka October 1917 in December 1922 waxaa. Maxaa ay sababaynta? Ilaa October 1917 dalka lahaa dowladda ku meelgaarka ah, ka dibna waxaa uu ahaa kacaan oo Bolsheviks in ay awood u yimid. Muddada shan sanno ah ilaa 1922 - markii ugu of formation of state badan oo cusub. December 30, 1922 jiritaanka USSR la si sharci rasmi ah ansaxinta Dastuurka.

kooxda labaad ee taariikhyahanadu waa fikir ah in Russia inta lagu jiro xilligii Soviet - waa fikradda ah in ku aaddan tahay muddada dhan taariikheed laga bilaabo wakhtiga Revolution u fall of USSR ee sanadkii 1991. Waa maxay sababta? Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in Soviet Russia, inta lagu guda jiro jiritaanka kaas oo wali sababaya taariikhyahanadu muran, tani waa boqortooyo isla, kaas oo soo ururiyo territory asalkooda shisheeye.

Xaaladda siyaasadeed ee Russia in muddada u dhaxaysa 1917 in 1922

Markan waxa lagu macneen karaa mid ka mid ah ugu dhibtoodaan ee taariikhda gobolka Bariga Slavic. Marka la eego siyaasadda - hubin dhameystiran, sababtoo ah sano oo dhan, dagaalka sokeeye ee socda. iska hor imaad ku lug taageerayaasha The fikradaha siyaasadeed ee kala duwan, "cas" (Communists ah, dhaqdhaqaaqa proletarian, unit ciidan oo ka tirsan ciidamada Cas ah), "White Ilaalada" (taageerayaasha falcelinta monarchical, ciidankii reer General Denikin iyo madaxda kale ee ciidamada), "xigano" (dhaqdhaqaaqa Nestora Mahno). Dabcan, Makhno dheer la diriray gayiga Ukraine oo casri ah, laakiin saamaynta fikradaha iyo faafay Russia laftiisa. Mucaaradka siyaasadeed la socday a dagaallo ciidamada halis ah oo baabbi'iyey khayraadka aadanaha iyo burburinta dhaqaalaha gobolka.

Russia Soviet muddo 20 sano ah, xaaladda dhaqaale

Horumarinta dhaqaalaha, ama halkii, uu la'aan dhamaystiran oo, waxaa si toos ah ee la xiriira xilliga dagaalka. Ka dib burburkii boqortooyada iyo dagaalkii xiga, shirkado badan oo la Halaagay. Intaa waxaa dheer, xubno ka mid ah xisbiga shuuciga ah tan iyo 1919, fulin siyaasadda of War shuuciyad iyo dheeraadka ah. Tani micneheedu waa maxay? Fuliyay tirtiridda dhamaystiran oo xiriirka badeecadaha-lacag, qaramayn ee goobaha warshadaha, la wareegidda oo ka mid ah yaroow kaydka hadhuudhka. Waayo, failure inay hadhuudh ka samatabbixin tuulada qayb ka mid ah ciidanka oo joogto ah u geli kari waayay. Waxaa cad badan ku hanjabay dad rayid ah ...

USSR dowlad ahaan

Soviet Russia - waxa sano? Taariikhyahanadu uma aan imanin inaan loo dhanyahay oo ku saabsan arrintan, laakiin dalka soo koraya waxaa la odhan karaa oo kaliya ka dib markii formation of USSR. Markaasaa la qabtay Five-Year Plan ugu horreeyey, Siyaasadda Dhaqaalaha New la soo saarin. Dabcan, ma dhihi karno oo si weyn u kordhay ee fayo-qabka ah ee dadka, laakiin wax ugu weyn ee - dagaal ku dhamaatay iyo dalka ugu danbeyn ka adkaaday xasiloonida.

USSR ayaa waxaa la aasaasay Awoodaha huwanta ah. Waxaa ka mid ah aasaasayaasha Ururka saxiixay heshiis, kaas oo noqday xubnaha RSFSR, Ukraine, Belarus iyo Transcaucasian Socialist Jamhuuriyadda. maamulka gobolka waxa uu ahaa aragga daro mabda'a isku xirnaanta xoog (la'aanta qeybinta dhexeeya sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta).

Meydadka maamulka Ruush Soviet

In ka sano ee hore ee xoogga Soviet sameeyay nooc cusub oo dowladda. The steel hay'ad collegial ugu weyn - Talooyin in jirey labadaba xarunta iyo berrinkaba ku samaysay. Golaha wuxuu ka kooban yahay wakiillo ka socda ururada bulshada rayidka ah ee waaweyn - ururada shaqaalaha, guddiyada warshad. Inta badan in meydadka maareynta madaxda ka ahaa Congress All-Ruush ee Soofiyeedku. Dabcan, ma waqtiga oo dhan ma shaqeeyaan. Waqtigaas, markii ay miyi ah lahayn, hawlihiisa loo qoondeeyey Guddiga Fulinta Central All-Ruush ah. shakhsiyaynta xoogga la xaq hindise sharci-dejinta ahaa Golaha Shacabka ee Commissars (dawladda).

Ka dib 1922 waxaa jiray isbadal tartiib ah, sababtoo ah xubnaha xisbiga ku yaalaan on meesha ugu horeysa ee nidaamka awoodda. Inkastoo Soviet Russia rasmiga ah, inta lagu guda jiro talinaysay ah kuwaas oo weli u yimaadaan, ayaa weli dalka ka mid ah Midowga Soofiyeedka, laakiin run ahaantii madaxa arrimaha siyaasadda iyo arrimaha bulshada oo dhan noqdo VIP ah in muddada (b).

Siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Soviet Russia ee 1920,

Bolsheviks ah loo tixgeliyaa dhoofinta kacaanka hantiwadaagga, ay hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee garoonka caalamiga ah ee dunida. In beerta this ee 1918 waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay gaaraan qaar ka mid ah guusha (kacaankii Jarmal).

saddex jiho ah siyaasadda dibadda loo qaybin karaa sannadaha hore ee Soviet Russia:

• saxiixa heshiiskii nabadda Brest-Litovsk ah;
• dagaalka ka dhanka ah faragalin military xuduudka reer Germany iyo wakiillo ka Entente ah;
• Rapallo Treaty ee 1924.

gunaanad

dhamaadka ee 1910s-1920 ahaayeen dalka waa mid aad u adag. Waxa daruuri ahayd in ay ka gudbaan burburinta dagaal oo ay bilaabaan in ay dhisaan mujtamac cusub marka la eego bulshada. Laakiin xitaa taasi ma cudurdaar u noqon kara kuwo Xadgudba in la galay dawladda inta lagu jiro muddada u dhaxaysa 1918 si ay u 1921 (War shuuciyad iyo requisitioning). Iyada oo dhammaystirka ee State Midowga cusub ee 1922 si tartiib tartiib ah bilaabay si loo horumariyo nolosha, taas oo keentay in qaar ka mid ah nasashada cadaadis on dadka.