Sida Russia noqday Russia? Sida Russia ayaa noqday dalka ugu badan?

Waxaa la og yahay in Yaroslav Mudry, gabadhiisa Anna siinta King Faransiis ah waxay iyadii siisay yarad ka mid ah buug on kiniiniyada alwaax, kaas oo la rumeysan yahay inay ka badbaaday ilaa maantadan la joogo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo la nadiifiyay up on warqad. Waxa la odhan jiray "The Book of Veles" oo noo sheegaya saabsan jeer ka hor inta guri ammaan Rurik. Waxaa la qiyaasayo in ay kitaabkan in Europe diraya, Yaroslav doonayay inuu u sheego ilbaxnimada Yurub ee taariikhda hore ee Russia. Sida laga soo xigtay kitaabka Veles, in Russia waqti dheer ka hor waxaa jiray tartan Bohumír, kuwaas oo lahaa shan carruur ah, oo ay ku jiraan wiil oo Seva iyo rus, kaas oo u baxay inuu Waqooyiga iyo Rusich. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay ahayd bilowga ah ee sida Russia noqday Ruushka, sida legend uu leeyahay magac rag ah ka xididka "rus", taas oo markaas la sameeyay ayaa sal u ah magaca "rus" gobolka.

Ururada in Russia ay ahaayeen qabiil iyo Rurik

"The Book of Veles" ayaa si joogta ah ayaa tilmaamay in Russia sida urur shaqaale ee Slavic (iyo sida macquulka ah oo kale) qabiilooyinka jiray tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore. In this shaqo suugaanta xiriir la leh dhacdooyinka aad u qadiimi ah marka qabiilooyinka protorusskie u tageen inay Masar, ku noolaa Mountains Carpathian ee, soo gaadhay dhulka jooga-maalin Shiinaha, iyo kuwa kale. Sidaa darteed, ka fiirsan su'aasha ah ee sida Russia noqday Ruushka, aadan yeelin tan iyo wakhtigii Rurik, laakiin la awoodo hore .

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taariikhda casriga ah ayaa aaminsan in hoggaamiyaha ka mid ah ilaalada Varangian noqday kuwa marka hore la midoobin qabiilooyinka Slavonic in muddada dirir sokeeye iyo weerarada cadawga shisheeye (ee 862 AD). Waxaa la qiyaasayo in uu ahaa awow u ahaa Prince ka Novgorod (wiilkii gabadha amiirka), kuwaas oo isaga lagu casuumay inuu ka tali Novgorod oo xidhiidh la leh xaalad adag oo ay da 'gaar ah. Sidaa darteed, aragtida ah in Russia abuuray Scandinavians ma loo arkaa mid aad u qani ah. Haddii waxaannu u jeesanaynaa dadka ka "Book of Veles", waxaad ka heli kartaa inay marjic u tahay xaqiiqada ah in qorayaasha qadiimiga ma fiirsan Rurik Rusich, waxay rumeysan yahay in xooggiisa uu dhaqmaa dhex rabshadaha. Waxaa laga yaabaa in qoraayada buug iska leh qabiilooyinka Slavic, dagaallamaya oo leh Novgorod, oo Rurik xoog, oo sidoo kale la rumeysan yahay inay la baabtiisay xeerkii Christian, waxay ahayd aan loo baahnayn.

Sida Russia ayaa noqday awood badda?

Markii hore gobolka Ruush ahaa a collection of degsiimo oo dariiqyada ganacsi ee "ka Vikings si Gariigta ah", taas oo ka caawisay in la xakameeyo ku Rurik iyo wefdigii. Xaruntu waxay of this magaabo-formation ahaayeen Kiev iyo Novgorod. Qiyaastii 8-9 qarniyo of our Zaman ayaa bilaabay horumarinta dhulka ee Bartamaha Russia (dhaxeeya Volga iyo Oka ah), kuwaas oo qarniyo lahaa xad ubucda ah Kievan rus. ku jabsata Mongol (qarnigii 13-keedii) ka dib, qiimaha u ah dalka ayaa kor u kacay, oo waxaa ka furan xarun cusub - Moscow, ku dhawaad oo bilaabay waji cusub oo xoojinta in dhulal ka Duchy ee Moscow. Dadka ku nool gobolka ee waxbarashada ka qaybqaatay helitaanka dalalkan oo cusub, oo ay ku jiraan qeybaha sare ee River Kama ah, xeebaha oo ka mid ah Pechora, Northern Dvina, Badda Cad. Waxaan dhihi karnaa in waayahaas gobolka Ruush ahaa awooda badda ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in biyo lahayn ganacsiga firfircoon ee waddooyinka caalamiga ah.

guul afaraad ee John (Ivan Xun) ee dhul goysiga ah

In 1380 ciidan Moscow ka adkaaday Mongols ah, iyo boqol sano ka dib on webiga Ugra ee si buuxda u gargaartay dalka Ruushka ka harqood shisheeye. Halkaa marka ay marayso, mid ka mid ah dalka Ruushka, hore ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa Rzhev, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Veliky Ustyug iyo kuwa kale. Tani waa sida Russia waxa uu noqday sida dal weyn horeba waa kuwa wakhtigaas. guul hoose ee ay ka horreeyey mar xoogaystay taliyihii rus - afaraad Ivan (Xun) ka. Waxa uu ku biiray dalkii badan Moscow ku haystaa ay of Kazan iyo jaaket Khanate. Waxa uu ka tagay manustkript durriyadii taas, laga yaabee in markii ugu horeysay waa magaca "Russia" is tusay in luqada Old Slavonic. Tani waa warqad fariin ugu horeysay Ivana Groznogo ka dhanka ah Prince Andreya Kurbskogo, kaasoo u saxiixay sida "ka kooban magaalada boqortooyada iidda Russia, Moscow, ka afaraad ee July 7072, xagaagii caalamka ah." Waxaa laga yaabaa in tani ay tahay sida Russia noqday Russia in ay magaceeda. Inkasta oo xusid mudan in horyaalka ee warqaddii labaad si ay boqorka Xun Kurbsky u muuqataa sida madax ah, Grand Duke ah "BCEAO Rousseau," in uu yahay, sida horyaalka dabcan waxa uu ahaa "Russia" iyo "Russia".

dalka ugu weyn caalamka

In mustaqbalka, dawladda Ruush qarniyo sii waday in ay ugu horayn kordhin dhulka. tsars Ruush hor Ivan IV u suurtagashay in lifaaq hanti jira Pskov iyo dalka Ryazan. At Grand Duchy reer Lithuania ayaa soo xulay oo ku soo laabtay qeybaha sare ee wabigga oo ka mid ah Oka iyo Vyazma. Qarnigii hore 16 ee qaybta sare ee Muscovy galay Dvina reer galbeedka iyo berkeddii weysada dhan webiga Desna ah, iyo waxa ay noqotay dalka ugu badan ee waayahaas iyo waa ilaa maantadan la joogo. In the 80s ee qarnigii 16aad bilaabay horumarinta firfircoon ee Siberia. Waxaa la aasaasay magaalada Tomsk, Tobolsk, Tyumen iyo Mangazeya, laakiin dhulka, taasoo keentay in ay sabab u tahay dagaalkii Livonian ee Maraykanka bari, waxay ka lumay by dhamaadka boqortooyada John Xun ee.

Sida Russia ayaa noqday dalka weyn? Waa in la ogaadaa in horumarka ugu badan ee dalka cusub jiray inta badan si nabad ah, maxaa yeelay, dalalkan oo Siberian la wada degganaa by dhif, iyo dadkii halkaas ka dib markii ay ka imanayaan Cossacks waxay bilaabeen inay si firfircoon uga qaadan, tusaale ahaan, maabalka beddelkeeda alaabtii heer sare ah oo ilbaxnimo (hubka, iwm .. ). Laakiin taariikhda dalkeena waa hodan ka dhacay military ee horumarinta dhulal badan reer galbeedka oo ay qabsadaan qaar ka mid ah dalalka bariga. In qarnigii toddoba, Russia waayay dagaalladii reer dalka ee Smolensk iyo Chernihiv helay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay 50s ee qarnigii la mid ah bidix Bank Ukraine iyo Zaporozhye. In 1620-50-mada ay ku dadaaleen boodboodi aan horay loo arag in horumarinta Siberia - Ruush hore u yimid on xeebta River Yenisei ah, ka dibna ay Badda ee Okhotsk. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad badan ayaa xiiso u su'aasha ah ee sida Russia noqday boqortooyadii ah.

ashtakooday boqorka u talin jiray boqortooyadii ah

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dhacdadan ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Peter weyn, kuwaas oo qaaday horyaalka gooyo ee 1721 at codsiga of Senate, ka dib guusha in dagaalkii Waqooyi. Sida ay natiijada ololaha millatari, kaas oo ka socday 1700 in 1721 ee gobolka Ruush yimid Karelia, Izhora, Estonia iyo Livonia, qaybta koonfureed ee dalka Finland si Vyborg, magaalada St. Petersburg aasaasay. Peter ayaa la aasaasay xiriirka ganacsiga dalalka Yurub oo lagu sameeyo dalka ay xoog badda, markan aagga istaraatiiji ah oo muhiim ah.

quruun Chukchi ku guuldareysatay inay badiso - iyana waxay isu soo biiray

Ka dib markii Russia noqday boqortooyadii ah, ay dhul "xumo" waxaa sii kordhaya oo kaliya. Waayo, muddada u dhaxaysa 1723 in 1732 in ay qayb ka mid ah Badda Caspian yihiin dalka. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu bilaabaa horumarinta dalka Altai ah on webiga Yaik. In ka labaataneeyada qarnigii, Empire Ruush ah si iskood ah ugu biiraan quruumaha Chukchi ah (hore ma waxay ku guuleysan karo Cossacks Ruush saddex jeer), ka dibna Kamchatka, Islands Kuril ah. In qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad oo sabab u ah dagaallo Ruush-Turkish ah Empire helo badda Azov, Crimean ah, ee gobolka Badda Madow, iyo ka dib Risaalo ka ee Poland - Lithuania, Belarus, Kurland iyo Woqooyi Galbeed Ukraine. Dhammaadkii qarnigii in qayb ka mid ah Ruush oo ka mid ah soo biiray of Kazakhstan, Alaska iyo South Altai.

qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad - aagga ugu badnaan

Qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, Russia lahaa inremantiga iyo khasaaro dhulalka labadaba. Sida Russia noqday Russia maanta ee view of dhacdooyinkii? By ka "yeelasho" waqti ay ku jiraan goysiga ah ee Finland, Dagestan, Bessarabia, qayb ka mid ah Poland, galbeedka Georgia. Markaasaa dalkii Ruush ka mid ah Armenia, qayb ka mid ah dhulka ee Azerbaijan oo kale "qayb" oo ka mid ah dalalkan Kazakh (ie. N. Senior Jousse). In qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii, Empire Ruush gaaro Joogaba ay taariikhi ah ugu badnaan - waxaa ka mid ah Waqooyiga Caucasus, Central Asia, qayb ka mid ah Xinjiang (ku meel gaar ah in 60 ka). Intaa waxaa dheer, Moscow ayaa heshay Maxmiyadii dhulka ee Tuva xaadirka ah (dhul Uryankhay), waxaa lagu go'an on, Amur ku Primorye iyo Sakhalin. Sida magdhow markii ugu danbeysay ee Japan guuleystay Islands Kuril ah (Sakhalin dhaqaaqay Japan mar kale oo sabab u ah dagaalka ee 1904-1905., Laakiin ma aha, waayo muddo dheer by heerarka taariikhiga ah). In 1867, Alaska lumay, iyo in la xiriirta macaamil ganacsi, lasoo gabagabeeyay iyadoo Maraykanka.

Qarnigii labaatanaad, Empire Ruush ah, kuwaas oo ka kacay (oo markaas maydin) Soviet Union mar kale, waxaa soo baxday, dhulka laga badiyay. Waxaa xusid mudan in la xuso khasaaraha ka mid ah Ukraine, Belarus, Finnish, Polish, dhulal Bessarabian ka dib Dagaalkii Adduunka iyo in la helo dhamaadka Second World Kuriles ah, South Sakhalin, Kaliningrad Oblast. Inta lagu guda jiro colaad ah ee bartamihii qarnigii-, Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa si rasmi ah u soo galeen Jamhuuriyadda Tuva. Iyo sanadkii 1991, ka dib markii soociddiisa oo ka mid ah Jamhuuriyadda hore ee Soviet, ayaa Russia maanta.

One Earth iyo hiddo-

Sida Russia ayaa noqday dalka ugu badan? In koorsada of horumarinta oo ka mid ah kooxaha kala duwan ee qowmiyadaha iyo dhulal ah dadyowga ku nool iyaga oo ku (oo soo socda inuu meelahaas), galay gaashaanbuur ganacsiga iyo ciidamada, iyo sidoo kale xiriirka guurka, taas oo qariyo qodan ee hiddo. Maanta, wax caadi ah in Russia nooca hidde waa 1a R1a, kaas oo la ballaaran qaybiyey iyo bartamaha Russia iyo koonfurta Siberia, taas oo mar kale ku nuuxnuuxsaday midnimada dadka ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale dhul on heer hidaha.