The Battle of Moscow: kooban hawlgalka. Heroes Battle for Moscow

Battle caanka ah ee Moscow, oo kooban kuwaas oo ka mid ah dhacdooyin December ee Patriotic War Great noqday tub dagaal hubaysan oo dhan ah. Ka hor inta in, kooxihii Jarmal, sida qorshaha blitzkrieg ah, si deg deg ah u baxay inuu bari, ku dhowaad cidina. In agagaarka caasimadda ah ee ciidanka Reich Soviet la joojiyay.

Qorshaha ayaa waxaa ka mid ah Fuhrer ah

Xitaa ka hor weerarka on Midowga Soofiyeeti, Hitler shir qarsoodi ah carabka ku adkeeyay in ay qaataan Moscow, waayo, isaga waa hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee xilli ciyaareedka. dayrta ee caasimada noqon lahaa talojirno gobolka hantiwadaagga. Fuhrer ayaa rajeynayey in xataa Battle of Moscow ayaa lagu qaban doonaa saddex bilood. content kooban oo uu qorshaha "Barbarossa" waxaa la soo sheegay in ay madaxda u ahaa oo dhan ciidammada maalin ka gudbayay xadka.

Jarmalka foot on ciidda Soviet dhigay on 22 June. qabashada Quick ee Moscow weli loo baahan yahay iyo si looga fogaado dagaal qabow oo kululayd dhexe ee Russia. Sida la og yahay, in qarnigii XIX ah, ciidanka Napoleon ee aad bay u soo gaaray, sababtoo ah la'aanta ah ee tababarka cimilada ajnabi ah. askari Faransiis, ku duudduubtay oo jubbad dheer khafiif ah, qabowga iyo dhimanayaan on wadada.

Hitler ma doonayaan in ay soo celiyaan qaddar ee Bonaparte si fiican loo diyaariyey weerarka. In 1941 wuxuu mar hore iska lahaa oo dhan qaaradda Europe marka laga reebo wadamada in ay ku dhawaaqdey inay dhexdhexaadnimada. Sidaa darteed, Fuhrer rogrogmanaysa oo ciidanka bari oo dhan, rajaynaynin March guul. Waxaa la joojin dagaalka ee Moscow. Summary Fulinta ee hawlgalka this ahaa tusaale classic of failure dhamaystiran oo qorshaha dagaal ah weerar.

In dib loo dhigo weerar Jarmal

Inkastoo ay weerar lama filaan ah, Army Jarmalka ayaa la qabtay at Smolensk, halkaas oo laga badiyay laba bilood ku wareegsan kooxihii Soviet. At aagga Leningrad iyo Kiev ee, sidoo kale, waxaa jiray iska caabin xoog leh. Taas darteed, shaqaalaha lahaa Fidin ay isgaarsiinta u gaar ah, ciidanka tuuray mid ka mid hore in kale.

Ugu dambeyntii, on September 30 bilaabeen weerar qorsheysan Jarmal on Moscow. Waxa uu ahaa howlgal dhow-xidhantay ah ciidammada dhowr, oo ku hubaysan technology ugu dambeeyay in waqti. Sida laga soo xigtay xisaabaha Wehrmacht ah, kooxihii Soviet ilaalinta caasimadda, ayaa la hareereeyey in kululeeyaha iyo jebiyey degaanka ee Vyazma iyo Bryansk. Ka dib Moscow in laga tegi lahaa isdifaaci, iyo waxa la wax kasta oo aad rabto in aad samayn karto.

Ciidamada dhinac

By bilowgii dheelitirka ee ciidamada ahaa sida soo socota horjeeda. On jidka ciidanka Jarmal (ku dhowaad 2 million) ahaayeen Ciidamada Soviet tirintii oo ku saabsan 1.2 milyan oo qof. Difaaca hogaaminayo Guud inta badan dhallinyaro ah oo ka soo baxsaday ay cadaadis Stalin ee sannadihii Argagaxii Waynaa ah. Waxay ahayd Boris Shaposhnikov, Ivan Konev, Georgy Zhukov, Andrei Yeremenko iyo Yacquub Cherevichenko. Gaar ahaan tirada ee geesiga ah Civil War Semena Budennogo.

Dabcan, erayga ugu danbeysay ee go'aanada ka mid ah shaqaalaha ahaa ee Iosifom Stalinym, kuwaasi oo ku sugnaa magaalada Moscow, inkastoo qaxidda mass of hay'adaha gobolka iyo dhaqaale ee caasimadda.

Bilowgii dagaalkii

dagaalka ayaa lagu hoobtay ee Moscow, warbixin kooban oo ku taal dalka buugaagta kasta oo ku saabsan taariikhda qarnigii XX ah, amarka Jarmal la odhan jiray howlgalka "duufaanka". toobiye Tani adkeeyay qorshayaasha hami ah Reich ah - jab deg deg ah oo arxan inay xaaqin sadarka ugu dambeeya ee difaaca, oo la taagan wadada caasimadda ah ee USSR.

Weerarka hore (September 30), waxaa jiray Bryansk Front ah. Laba maalmood ka dib, kooxda weerarka soo biiray Wehrmacht ee aagga Roslavl. Howlgalkan waxuu ahaa mid lagu guuleystey. ciidammadoodu Soviet Dhowr (19 th, 20 th, 24 th iyo 32-aad) ayaa hareereeyey.

Life ee caasimada

Isla mar ahaantaana in Moscow bilaabay mawjad kale oo abaabulka. Caadiga ah aqbaliddoodii hubkiisa gacanta, isla markiiba u baxay inuu ka hor ah, halkaas oo ay inta badan ku halligmeen Furimaha Dagaalka hilib Wehrmacht ah. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah geesiyaal ah Battle of Moscow ayaa ku hadhay si qarsoodi ah. Inta caadiga ah la waayay oo aan raad a, iyo jidhkooda marnaba ahaayeen xataa nabadda. Weyn xabaalo wadareedyo, taas oo haddiiba aan kala sooc lahayn lagu aasay, ayaa noqotay mid caadi ah. Dhawr taxadiri Askariga la aqoon iyo olol weligeed ah ka dib markii la taagay oo lagu sharfayo dhibanayaasha dagaalka arxan.

Shirkadaha hawlgalka mar dambe in Moscow. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ayaa laga daadgureeyay bari - ee gobolka Volga iyo Urals ah. hoggaanka xisbiga isku dayay in la dhiso sahayda mid xasiloon oo dhan lagama maarmaanka u ah askartii hore. In dalka ma jirin mid ka mid ah kuwaas oo ku nool lahaa nolol nabad. Xataa dadka xaggiisa dambe shaqeeyay gelinba in guusha Army Cas.

parade ee November 7

The la joogo ugu muhiimsan ee difaaca on kalandarka ka dhacay maalmood marka dalka oo dhan waxaa dhaqan ahaan u dabaal guuradii ee Kacaanka Oktoobar. The Battle of Moscow ee 1941 waxay ahayd dhacdo la mid dilaa ah, sida dhacdooyinka ku Petrograd, afar iyo labaatan sano jir. Stalin waxan gartaan, si pre-amartay caasimadda si ay isugu diyaariyaan dabaal guuradii.

Habeenka November 7 taliyayaasha ciidanku Moscow ayaa lagu amray in ay keeni ciidamada uu Square Cas. sugitaanka caadiga ah ee parade ee grand. Battle of Moscow 1941, barbaro in rag karti lixaad qaba oo dhan, sidaas oo kaliya soco carruurta yaryar sallaxa ah Kremlin ee si degdeg ah u tageen inay hore. Waqtigaas, ayuu ka orday darsin dhowr kiilomitir caasimadda.

guuldaradii ee Jarmalka

Mar labaad iyo mar, geesiyaal ah Battle of Moscow caabiyay weerarka ee taangiyada iyo lugta, daboolay by weerarada cirka iyo laydhkii oo madaafiic. Dabayaaqadii November, kala qaybsanaanta faashistihii cuduradaas sida ugu dhow ee suurto gal ah in caasimadda. Waxay qabsadeen Krasnaya Polyana, halkaas oo bilaabay duqeyn magaalada. Waayo, Hitler waxa uu ahaa ah dhaqaaqo dacaayad muhiim ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, December 5 calaamadsan bilowgii a counter-weerar oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet ee Battle of Moscow. Jarmalka ayaa Maanshaynay ay Maarso bilood-dheer, iyo ugu dambeyntii waxay bilaabeen inay dib u laabasho. askari oo ku dhintay-daal dhegtay in la dilo ama isku dhiibay ciidamada Ciidanka Cas. isbuucyo yar ka dib markii, Wehrmacht la kexeeyey, waayo, tobanaan kiiloomitir. maalmood ugu xumaa ee dagaalka ka soo tageen. In ka badan sanadka soo socda ay ahaayeen dagaal culus, laakiin gaariga Jarmal waxaa horay u fashilantay. Bilowgii Battle of Moscow jirin wax calaamado ah failure noocan oo kale ah.

Magacyada qaar ka mid ah geesiyaal colaadda ayaa qayb ka mid ah taariikhda noqday. Waxay kala yihiin:

• Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya;
• Timothy Lavrischev;
• Victor Talalikhin;
• 28 geesiyaal Panfilov, madax VG Klochkov iyo kuwa kale.

Tani guul oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet (oo ay la socdaan Battle of Stalingrad) waxay ahayd meesha ugu jeestay in dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka.