Sheegyada ka Guddoomiyaha Mao Tse-Tung. "Sheegyada": turjumaad Chinese galay Ruush

Mao Tszedun - mid ka mid ah taliyayaasha ugu naxariista darnaa, ma aha oo kaliya Shiinaha, laakiin adduunka oo dhan. La yaab ma laha, waxaa inta badan ku riday on par leh Stalin. Intaa waxaa dheer in u hogaansanaanta cilmiga Markis-Lennin, waxay leeyihiin in caadiga ah cajiib waa gacanta adag ee dalka. Under oo uu ku xukumay, Shiinaha ayaa si buuxda u beddelaa waddan ku dhaqma hantiwadaag, iyo kala guurka ahaa ka fog oo aan xanuun lahayn. fikirka Markis uu xad-abuur leh loola dhaqmo, taas oo keentay in xaqiiqda ah in version Shiinaha waxaa ka mid ah noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Maoism. Sheegyada ka Guddoomiyaha Mao Tse-Tung, daabacay qaab buug intii uu noolaa, siin sawir buuxa oo ah shakhsiyad taliyaha iyo view of jidka communist of abaabulka gobolka.

laga bilaabo wadada

Mao Tszedun ku dhashay qabiilka reer beeralay barwaaqo ee 1893. waxbarashada Chinese heer sare ah uu ka helay dugsiga. Markaasuu isna wuxuu u adeegay ciidanka xilligii kacaankii of 1911, ka dibna ku qoran kulliyadda tababarka macalin. In 1918, Mao abuuray bulsho "dad cusub." Goolkiisii ahayd in la helo habab inay u beddesho Shiinaha. Waxay ahayd waqti this mustaqbalka qushigiisu Great xeel dheer la fikirka Markis-Lennin, goostay qaddar ee Mao Zedong iyo dalka oo dhan.

Thanks to hawsheeda firfircoon Mao Tszedun si degdeg ah noqoto tirada siyaasadeed saameyn. In 1921 wuxuu noqday ergay sare ee shuuciga xisbiga Chinese ah, iyo in 1923 ku xiga si ay xisbiga nationalist Kuomintang. Iyada oo ururkan ay waddo oo dhan ka hor si xoog imaatinka Mao ku xidhay aragti halkii ay iska hor imanayaan, ku dhowaad si degdeg ah uu isagoo kala duwanaanshaha siyaasadeed ay hoggaamiye Chan Kay-shek, Mao Tszedun iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan kala dillaaciyey ka KMT ah, hogaansamey fog ka tagay gudahood CCP ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, duulaankii Japan ee Shiinaha ee 1936 lagu qasbay dhinacyada dagaalamaya in wakhtiga soo socda in la eego.

U kaca sidii awoodda

Inta lagu jiro dagaalka kula Japan Mao Tszedun fiiro badan oo dheeraad ah waxaa la bixiyaa in lagu xoojiyo jagooyinka siyaasadeed ka mid ah isku duba riday. Waxa uu si firfircoon uga keentay denbigana barnaamijka, ku qoray taxane ah oo articles taas oo uu ku qeexay orientation ee version Shiinaha of shuuciyad on duba riday, ma fasalka shaqada magaalooyinka. Iyadoo dhamaadka dagaalka ayaa joojiyay oo xabad joojin ah la Kuomintang ah. imaadyo rabshado wata oo u dhexeeya labada dhinac ay keentay in dagaal sokeeye ku daatay, kaas oo ku dhamaaday guul of Kuomintang ah, wuxuu u cararay Taiwan iyo ku dhawaaqidda in 1949 ee Shiinaha.

Mao Tszedun (China): Jidka inay Happiness in wadada la tumay oo USSR

United States, oo ay taageerayaan ku Chan Kay-shek diiday in la aqoonsado Jamhuuriyadda cusub ee Mao Zedong, in la barbardhigo Midowga Soofiyeeti. Inta u dhaxaysa labada dal la saxiixay 1950 heshiis gargaar labada dhinac iyo saaxiibtinimo. Nadiifinta, collectivization, qorshaha shanta sano, "kor u qaadi oo uu gaadhaa" - ku jiray oo dhan caan muddada cadaadis Stalin ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, iyo waxa ay hadda soo booqday Shiinaha. Mao Tszedun ka dib dhimashadii Stalin ee noqday hoggaamiyaha ugu saameynta badan communist ee dunida, si kasta oo macquul si loo dhiiri nidaam sii kordhaysa ee qofku shakhsiyadiisu iyo aad u badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ugu dhakhsaha badan caddaatay in siyaasadda lagu qasbay "Great baxdaa Forward" ma siin natiijooyin la taaban karo. Ayaa si xad dhaaf u dhacday heerka nolosha isku duba riday, sicir bararka sii kordhay, muda-soo-saarka hoos u dhacay. macluuleed ee gobolada dalka.

Kacaanku dhaqanka

In 60 sano, Shiinaha ayaa si firfircoon uga bilowday caddibaadda mucaaradka. Sida laga soo xigtay signal toogtay nidaamka qashinka maqaal Yao Venyunya "version cusub ee riwaayadaha taariikhda" Dismissal of Hai Jui. "Taariikhyahan Chinese ayaa Ghanem lagu eedeeyay anti-hantiwadaagga oo dhaleeceeyay hababka siyaasadeed ee xisbiga talada haya. Markaasaa waxaa u bilaabay taxane ah oo cadaadis dhiig leh. Taageersan Mao isku hallaysay aad bey ugu faraxsantahay sida ujeedooyin dhagaystayaasha - dhalinyarada ah aan weli qaan gaadhin, kaas oo ah guuto Red Guard la sameeyey kun oo qof ayaa lagu dilay iyadoo ay sabab u ah "kacaanka dhinaca dhaqanka", boqolaal kun oo laga saaray dalka, xitaa ka sii badan orday badan .. e waxaa ku qasbay in ay naftooda dilaan oo ay ahayd waqti this yimaado "sheegyada." caanka ah - buug taas oo Mao Tszedun ugu buuxda u muujinayaa views uu on maamulka gobolka, iyo in ka badan.

New Bible Communists

Collection of statements muhiimka ah by Mao Zedong ayaa ay xukuumaddu soo saartay sanadkii 1966. Its wareegga ahaa sidaas u weyn oo karaankeeda keliya ha la wareegga ah ee buugaagta xurmada leh marka la barbar dhigo - Quraanka, Kitaabka Quduuska ah ama Tawreed. Dhab ahaantii, cibaadada ku dhowaad diinta ee daabacaadan waa ma aha oo kaliya soo dhaweeyay, laakiin sidoo kale maldahan taageerayaasha Mao. Tarjumaadda ugu horeysay ka Chinese si sheegyada Ruush ah Guddoomiyaha Mao Zedong waxaa ka go'an in 1967. Waxaa ku jira cry oo ah articles iyo khudbado qushigiisu Great. In turjumidda reer galbeedka ah ee shaqada this ayaa xoogaa yaab leh loo yaqaan "Little Red Book" sida ay ugu ballaaran yahay edition jeebka - si aad mar kasta u qaadi karaan ila. Translation ka Chinese si Ruush dhawaajisay faahfaahin kale oo badan: "Collection of sheegyada ka Guddoomiyaha Mao Zedong." Buuga ayaa lagu tarjumay xataa Isberento.

Sheegyada ka Guddoomiyaha Mao Tse-Tung - walacay

Si aad u sahamiyaan this ururinta gaar ah kooxo abaabulan, waxaa xitaa inta lagu guda jiro saacadaha shaqada. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ka dib markii shaqada sida shaqaalaha ay noqon doontaa wax badan oo wax ku ool ah si ay ula qabsadaan waajibaadkooda. Tallaabo kasta sudhay boodhadh la image dadka haysta gacmaha ee "sheegyada". Hagaha akhriska leitmotif kitaabkan maqlay laba eray - si ay u bartaan iyo dalban. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay bartaan tibaaxaha aasaasiga ah by wadnaha. articles wargeyska The lahaa si joogto ah waxaa ka mid ah soo qaadan Mao Zedong, iyaga qoondeeyo in bold, in mid ka mid lahayn wax shaki ah sida ay qoray.

Weedhaha ugu duwanyihiin

Asal ahaan, sheegyada Mao Zedong ee saamayn ku xiran ee halganka siyaasadeed ee u dhexeeya hantiwadaagga iyo shuuciyad. soo horjeeda ugu weyn ee aadanaha oo lacag la'aan ah wuxuu ka fikiray siyaasad gumeysi Maraykanka. yeeray shabeel waraaq, Mao dadka adduunka oo dhan ay midoobaan la dagaalanka isaga la yeedhay. Xiiseynaya in uu aragti ah oo ku saabsan dagaalkii dunida saddexaad. Waxa uu si cad oo caddeeyay in, inkastoo xukun ee suurtogal ah ee ka dilaacay ee khilaaf kale ee dunida, marka ay dhacdo, waxa ay ka faa'iideysan doonaan oo kaliya. Dhab ahaantii, ka dib markii Midowga Soofiyeeti dadka ka mid ah 200 milyan oo qof oo ka mid ah aduunka koowaad ee uu ku dhashay, kadib markii labaad - oo ah xerada oo dhan hantiwadaagga, oo tanuna waa 900 million. Ka dib markii saddexaad, in uu rajaynayo, iman lahaa in hantiwadaagga guud ahaan dunida oo dhan.

Sidoo kale in ay "ka mida" waxaa laga heli karaa oo statements ah nooc guud ah, inkasta oo ay share waa uga yar yahay weerarada ka dhanka ah siyaasad gumeysi. Tusaale ahaan, sida qawl falsafad ah: "Taasi waa hubaal, waxaa jira" - rehash ah aphorism caanka ah ee Descartes. Ama view aragti in siyaasadda - waa dagaal aan dhiig ku daatay, halka dagaal - siyaasadda dhiig.
Guud ahaan, sheegyada Mao Zedong ee la siiyey ee "buug cas yar", ku siin sawirka si caddaalad buuxda oo noocee ah nin ahaa Badmareenada weyn. No Aayaadka gaar ah oo aad u ma ay heli doonaan, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa marka laga eego taariikhi ah iyaga waxa ay noqon doontaa mid xiiso leh in uu akhriyo.