Saamaynta cunaqabatayn dhaqaalaha Ruush. Cawaaqibka qabateyn looga soo oogo. dhaqaalaha Ruush maanta

Sannadkan, dhaqaalaha Ruush cadaadis caalami ah oo weyn. tallaabooyin la taaban karo codsatay by dalalka shisheeye in Russia, waxaa ka muujiyay in noocyada kala duwan ee cunaqabatayn. Waa maxay nooca ay? Waa maxay saamaynta cuna qabateyn ku saabsan dhaqaalaha Ruush? Waa maxay fursadaha yihiin furashada ee Ruushka ay sabab u tahay isbeddel ah ee deegaanka dibadda?

Nuxurka cuna qabateyn

Sida laga soo xigtay bulshada khabiir naggadi oo sida caadiga u ah aragtida ah, rogida of cunaqabatayn Russia sababta ugu waynina booska siyaasadeed ee Russia ku saabsan dhibaatada Ukraine. dalalka reer galbeedka, kuwaas oo intooda badan ay yihiin qeyb ka mid ah NATO, tixgeliyaa falalka aan la aqbali karin ee maamulka Ruush ee la xiriirta gobollada Crimea iyo bari ee Ukraine, kaas oo, sida ay dalalka ku bahoobay Atlantic, waa hawlaha pro-Ruush ah kooxaha hubeysan.

Sida cunaqabatayn kale waa dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed. Qaybta koowaad waa nooc kala duwan ee cunaqabateynta on labaad - hordhaca ah ee madaxda iyo hay'adaha sharciga ah ee liiska cunaqabateynta la xiriira.

periodization cuna qabateyn

Tixgeli isku xigxiga ay ku qaadeen cunaqabatayn Russia. Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in xirmo ugu horraysay ee tallaabooyin lagu riday tallaabo degdeg ah ka dib markii Russia ay taageerto aftida ee Crimean iyo gobolka ka mid ah xubnaha Golaha. wadamada reer galbeedka ayaa loo arkaa falalka masuuliyiinta Jasiiradda, iyo sidoo kale booska uu ka sharci-darrada ah ee Ruushka. gariiradda Xiga cunaqabatayn ayaa lala xiriirinayay, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, iyadoo ay kordheen dheeraad ah oo xaaladda ka jirta Ukraine.

Ganaaxyada: caqabad ku ah dhaqaalaha Russia

Maxay noqon karaan waxa ka dhalan kara cunaqabatayn dhaqaalaha Ruush? Khubarada la soco in dhibaatooyinka ugu weyn kici kartaa in dejinteeda. Xaqiiqada ah in dhaqaalaha Ruush waa arrin ku xiran dejinta ee technology sare, waxyaabaha injineernimada, daawooyinka, inta badan iyo cunto. The wada-hawlgalayaasha waaweyn ee Russia on keeno waa uun waddamada EU, kuwa ka codsatay cunaqabatayn Russia. Haddii qayb dhaqaale oo ka mid ah tallaabooyinka ku habboon noqon doonaa systemic ee dabiiciga ah, yaraanta ee alaabta dibadda laga keeno, Khubarada ayaa leh, ma qaadan muddo dheer.

Raadinta Maal

Saamaynta cunaqabatayn dhaqaalaha Ruush si cad loo ogan karo in dhinaca of jiidashada maal-gashiga shisheeye. Gaar ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa in si xun u saameeyeen ratings credit ee Ruushka, waa tilmaame aasaasiga ah ee soo jiidashada dalka ee caasimada shisheeye. hoos araaciyey keeni kartaa GDP Yaasiin, dhaqaaleyahannada rumaysan. dhaqaalaha Ruush maanta, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, waa tiirsan caasimada shisheeye. weydaarsiga Stock RTS iyo MICEX buuxin hantidooda waa inta badan ay sabab u tahay soo jiidashada maalgashi shisheeye.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Khubarada ayaa leh, caasimada shisheeye laga yaabaa in aanay daruuri noqon asal ahaan reer galbeedka. Waa waxaa macquul ah in meesha ugu of maal-ka ah ee Midowga Yurub iyo Mareykanka qaadan doonaa, oo waxaad tidhaahdaan, ka capitalists oo ka mid ah dalalka BRICS, taas oo, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro badan oo, hadda waa sokeeye Russia ee. Oo maxaa yeelay ratings hoose hoos hababka horumartay ee Maraykanka iyo Midowga Yurub ay kaalin weyn oo dhinaca of maal-gelin ku ciyaari karaan.

Xayiraadda iyo nidaamka bangiyada

In waxa la ogan laga yaabaa in saameynta ay cunaqabatayn ku saabsan nidaamka bangiyada of Russia ah? In qaybta this, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, oo awood u waayo ah ee khatar ku ah dhaqaalaha dalka ugu. Xaqiiqada ah in nidaamka bangiyada Ruush waxaa si isku dhafan dunida (oo, markeeda, waxaa inta badan gacanta ku Maraykanka iyo xulufadiisu ay Western) gelin, in maal-ajinebi ah ay heli karaan hanaanka maamulka ee muhiimka ah iyadii. Xisaabaadka bangiyada Maraykanka iyo Yurub si firfircoon loo isticmaalo by ganacsiga Ruush. Oo haddii credit iyo hay'adaha maaliyadda Western dalalka ay go'aansadaan in ay hakiso hantida, waxay keeni kartaa, Khubarada ayaa leh, waxyeello weyn ee shirkadaha Ruush la bangiyada shisheeye ka shaqeeya.

Xayiraadda (EU) ayaa lagu soo rogay hay'adaha ugu weyn-bangiga Ruush dhaqaale, sida VTB, Sberbank iyo VEB. Gaar ahaan, muwaadiniinta EU tan iyo bilowgii August, waxa la mamnuucay ka isuna kala duwan qaar ka mid ah securities hay'adaha kuwan. Sida laga soo xigtay falanqaynta, ku dhaqanka taasi ka dhigan tahay hal shay oo kaliya - kuwaas oo bangiyada Ruush mar dambe ma ay helaan suuqyada magaalada Muqdisho. Iyo sababta oo ah waxay noqon kartaa dhibaatooyin la xiriira bixinta waajibaadka deynta hadda, diiwaangelinta ee amaahda cusub iyo maalgelinta.

VISA - in Russia?

Mid ka mid ah sharciga kiiska ugu darey tusaale ku saabsan dhinacyada sida raadka uu cunaqabatayn ku saabsan nidaamka bangiyada Ruush, la oran karo waa qufulka a nidaamka ugu weyn ee lacagta dunida - VISA iyo MasterCard - kaararka bangiga ee hay'adaha maaliyadeed dhowr Russia, sida "Sobinbank" Bank "Russia" "SMP Bank". Bixi iyadoo la isticmaalayo channels isuna caalamiga ah, macaamiisha ee bangiyada, kuwaas oo kari waayeen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khubarada ku heshiiyaan in ay si buuxda u jaray suuqa ka Ruush ah VISA iyo MasterCard maayo. Haddii ay taasi dhacdo, waxaa halis ku ah xasiloonida ee nidaamka EU dhaqaale.

natiijo kale oo cunaqabatayn ee baananka laga yaabaa in la xadido daynta shirkadaha Ruush ee West ah. Shuruudaha amaahda bangiyada reer galbeedka, in kiisas badan, halkii ay ku Federation Ruush ah (inta badan ay sabab u tahay dulsaarka hoose). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saamaynta ay ku ool ah ee cunaqabateynta la saaray dhinaca ganacsiga ah oo credit ah waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan sidii la taaban karo haddii ganacsatada ay awood si ay ula falgalaan suuqyada kale marka la eego amaahda noqon doonaa. Mid ka mid ah khubarada Ruush ugu arko version Shiinaha.

dhammaan bangiyada oo dhan?

Ka caawi bangiyada Ruush eego Bankiga Dhexe diyaar u yahay inuu cunaqabatayn. Gaar ahaan, warbaahinta daabacay war qoraal ah oo ka mid ah hoggaanka Bangiga Dhexe in kaydka lacagta ee caalamiga ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa haddii loo baahdo, taas aawadeed. The bangiyada ugu weyn ee Federation Ruush ah ku dhawaaqday in ay diyaar u tahay inay cunaqabatayn yihiin. hoggaanka Sberbank ee, gaar ahaan, ayaa sheegay in hay'adda ay leedahay khayraad ku filan, waayo-aragnimo maamul iyo heerka aqoontooda in ay sii wadaan in xaaladaha dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee hadda jira. "Gazprombank" iyo VTB ayaa sidoo kale xaqiijiyay dadweynaha in falalka Maraykanka iyo Midowga Yurub ma saamayn doonto xasiloonida maaliyadeed ee hay'adaha. Sidaas darteed, saamaynta ay cunaqabatayn ku saabsan dhaqaalaha Ruush qayb ka mid ah baananka laga yaabaa in aanay sidii la taaban karo.

Xayiraadda iyo suurtagalnimada of

Sida laga soo xigtay dhaqaaleyahannada qaar ka mid ah, ay cunaqabatayn EU - cudurdaar wanaagsan ee aasaaska arrimaha dhaqaalaha Ruush, kaas oo, by Samo falku of hanuuninta xoog leh dhoofinta saliidda, aan la soo koraya sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ay u waayeen.

awood u weyn, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, waa la joogo in kaliya dejinta isla. Russia uu leeyahay kheyraad ku filan - labadaba marka la eego awoodda wax soo saarka iyo alaabta ceeriin, iyo marka la eego qaybta sayniska si ay u soo saaraan bulk alaabta ka soo dibadda laga keeno.

jawaabaha la fili karo

Maxay yihiin farsamooyinka by kaas oo Russia ka soo horjeeda laga yaabaa in cunaqabatayn? First of Waxaa xusid mudan qaatay sanadkii 2006, muddo dheer ka hor waxay bilaabeen in ay horumariyaan weeyn cad ee dhibaatada Ukraine oo dhan, wax sharciga ku saabsan talaabooyinka gaarka ah ee dabiiciga ah dhaqaale, taas oo loo isticmaali karaa in kiiska dalka dareemi doontaa baahida loo qabo in ay ka jawaabaan falalka ay khaldaan in ay yihiin khatar ku ah danaha Russia, heerka xiriirka caalamiga ah. Sidaa darteed, ilaha sharci aasaasi ah oo la geeyay kartaa jawaab u rogida of cunaqabatayn Russia, ay joogaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa uu caddayn u yahay in qaab-dhismeedka Golaha Federaalka ah ee shaqada on abuurista falalka cusub sharci, kaas oo ballaariyo kartaa kala duwan ee countermeasures RF ah cadaadis caalami ah. Gaar ahaan, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay sharciyo cusub lagu dari karaa qodobada u oggolaanaya lala wareego hantida ku yaalla Federation Ruush ah ee shirkadaha shisheeye (labada dadweynaha iyo kuwa gaarka).

Response to cunaqabatayn

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in sababaha hordhaca ah ee cunaqabatayn masuuliyiinta Ruushka ayaa lagu tiriyaa ku saleysan comments by madaxda sare, cadaalad iyo lid ku ah macquulka ah, countermeasures ka dhanka ah dalalka reer galbeedka, u dhigma ficil ah ka gees ah Russia, ayaa weli ka dalbatay. Gaar ahaan, inta lagu guda jiro racii ugu horreeyey ee tallaabooyin ku habboon caalamiga ah ee dowladda Ruush go'aansadeen in ay sameeyaan liiska dadka haysta dhalashada reer galbeedka, kuwaas oo loo diiday inay galaan dalka reer Ruushka.

Marka VISA iyo MasterCard, sida aynu kor ku sheegay, iska daayeen inay u adeegaan kaarka dhowr bangiyada Ruush, masuuliyiinta Ruushka ay go'aansatey in ay dardar-shaqada in meesha ugu horeysa, ku saabsan horumarinta nidaamka lacag bixinta qaranka, iyo marka labaad, si loo soo jiito suuqa ee Federation Ruush ee Wasaaradda Chinese ah ee tareenada - UnionPay, taas oo u noqon karta tartan dhab ah in ay madaxda adduunka haatan. Tani waxay keeni lahaa VISA iyo MasterCard waa weyn, sida laga soo xigtay dhaqaaleyahannada qaar ka mid ah, dhaawaca - in ay boqolaal malaayiin doolar.

xirmo ugu daran Ruush ah countermeasures ahaa mamnuuco dhoofinta galay Ruushka kala duwan weyn ee wax soo saarka cuntada, inta badan soo saartay warshadaha cuntada EU (iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha ee Kanada, Australia iyo Maraykanka). Horraantii August, Madaxweynaha Ruush soo saaray amar baahisey. Liiska badeecadaha dhacay hoos xayiraadda lacag si kala duwan ee cuntooyinka - hilibka, caanaha, kalluunka, khudradda, midho. In la eego lacag u dhiganta dejinta guud sida falanqeeyayaasha qiyaaso, waqtiga hordhaca ah countermeasures waa loo siman yahay ilaa 9 bilyan.

Sidoo kale bishii August, ayaa la hagaajiyo in industry iftiinka. Gaar ahaan, qeybta wax soo iibsiga la mamnuucay ka difaan dhar, maqaar iyo maabalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khubarada ma fiirsan tallaabo this ee maamulka Ruush in jawaab toos ah cunaqabateyn, sida xadka u dhiganta saameeyeen shixnadaha ka yimid dalalka oo dhan, haddaan lagu darin kuwa, wada jir ah ula Federation Ruush ah waxaa ka mid ah in Midowga Customs ah, ma ahan oo keliya Western.

Cawaaqibta "antisanktsy" ee Midowga Yurub

Xaqiiqada ah in cunaqabatayn Western dhaqaalaha Ruush keeni karaa dhibaatooyin heer dejinteeda, aynu hore u sheegay, xiganaya tusaale ahaan dhowr warshado. Laakiin waxaa waqti isku mid ah dareemi doonaan naftooda dhoofinta shisheeye wanaagsan ayaa sheegaya in waxyaabaha injineernimada isku. Kuwa bixisey qalab ee Russia? Waa maxay cawaaqibka suuragal ah in cunaqabatayn EU? Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah falanqeeye ayaa sheegay Reuters ayaa, raaxo Yurub u badan tahay maayo. Mid ka mid ah la-hawlgalayaasha ugu firfircoon ee Russia gudbikaraa oo dhaqaale - Germany. Waxaa jira tiro :. About 300 kun oo shaqo Germany si kastaba fikiri shaqada ee beeraha ee la kaashanaya Russia. Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in Jarmal in Russia dhoofinta la dhimi karaan tobanaan dhowr ah oo boqolkiiba (inta badan duurka ku of injineernimada farsamada). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in saameyn muhiim ah dhaqaalaha guud ee Germany guud ahaan sii xumaanaysa ee xiriirka Russia maayo. Just, sababtoo ah share hadda Ruush in ganacsiga guud Jarmal shisheeye haatan wax ka badan 4% waa. Sidaas darteed, saamaynta ay cunaqabatayn on khubaro ganacsiga waxaa loo arkaa in Europe sida ku filan oo kooban.

Raashinka "antisanktsii"

Dhinacyada la xiriira ugu daran, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, ee countermeasures oo ka mid ah masuuliyiinta Ruush - in la mamnuuco dhoofinta alaabta EU. Falanqeeyayaasha badan ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in beeralayda Yurub by cunaqabateynta saameeyeen waa mid aad u muhiim ah. Dhalmo ee Russia waayo, qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ahaa ballanqaadka ah ee faa'iidada, laakiin shirkadaha qaar ka mid ah oo dhan channel iibka waaweyn. Raadi iibsada suuqyada kale, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, shirkadaha cuntada ka EU ay awood noqon doonaa mid aad ugu dhakhsaha badan. Oo sidaas daraaddeed mustaqbalka dhow, oo ay ganacsi waa laga yaabaa in lagama yaabo in ay faa'iido.

Fund Yurub

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khubarada qaar ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in cawaaqibka cunaqabateynta ee EU waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan sidii la taaban karo sida, gaar ahaan, saamaynta ay cuna qabateyn ku saabsan dhaqaalaha Ruush. Saamiga dhoofinta dalagyada beeraha ka Midowga Yurub si ay u Russia - in ka yar 5% ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ee ururka this siyaasadeed. Markaasaa waxaa taas ay jirto xaqiiqda ah in Russia - labaad ee EU marka loo eego suuqa ee qeybta this. Sidoo kale, waxaa jira cadaymo muujinaya in Midowga Yurub ka socda ay ku buuxin karaan khasaaraha ay suurtagal tahay "antisanktsy" on qayb ka mid ah Ruushka, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab gaar ah abuuray fund. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiimaha, sida ay leeyihiin falanqeeyayaasha, ma aha mid aad cajiib ah - 400 million euros. dalka A in xanuunsado karaa "antisanktsy" ka xoog badan kuwa kale - Finland. By kugula dhawaanshaha juqraafi waa gobolka iyo Ruushka leeyihiin dhow xiriir dhaqaale. Qiyaastii 25% ka mid ah laga dhoofiyo Finland aado Russia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, share cuntada dhexdeeda - in ka yar 3%.

rajada laga qabo isku-filnaanshaha

Maxay ayaa saameynta ay cunaqabatayn ku saabsan beeraha Ruush? khubarada qaar ayaa rumaysan in cunaqabateynta cuntada ka dhan ah soo saarayaasha ka Midowga Yurub ayaa fursado agrarians wayn ee Russia furay. In qaybaha badan ka bariyeelay niches suuqa, ama ugu yaraan ay yihiin wax badan ka yar cokan. Waxaa jira aragti in soo saarayaasha beeraha of Russia aan aad u diyaariyey, waayo, kor u kac wayn ee mugga wax soo saarka, iyo haddii ay taasi ku jira laba xaaladood oo macquul ah: Buuxinta niches sabab u qeybiyeyaasha ka yimi dalalka aan hoos xayiraadda ku dhici, ama in ka yar suurad wacan dhaqaalaha Ruushka, ah ee hoos u dhaca ganacsiga la taaban karo. Iyo, sida natiijo ah, u kaca qiimaha.

dhaqaalaha Ruush maanta, khubaro badan ayaa aaminsan in, weli ma awoodaan in ay si buuxda u damaanad bedelay wax ku ool ah ku soo dejin - oo ay ku jiraan oo duurka ku ah beeraha. Falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sheegay in kororka iibiso qiimaha badeecada kala duwan oo ka dhacay markii ugu dhakhsaha badan ku filan la hordhaca ah ee "antisanktsy". Sida laga soo xigtay falanqaynta, by dhamaadka 2014, qaar ka mid ah jagooyinka badeecadaha koraan laga yaabaa in ka badan 30%. Celcelis ahaan, waxyaabaha ay sameeyaan dambiisha aasaasiga ah, kor u kaceen qiimaha laga yaabaa in ku saabsan 15%. Waxaa suuro gal ah, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in wax soo saarka oo tayo leh dayrta on khaanadaha. In Russia, iyo sidoo kale in wadamo badan, halkaas oo la qiyaasayo in ay soo dhoofsadaan alaabo, heerka wax soo saarka ma aha sida adag sida in Europe.