Ratio Isbadal of transformer ah

The salaysan hawlgal of transformer ee go'aamisa ifafaale of induction electromagnetic. core transformer A ka kooban yahay taarikada bir shaqsi, ururay oo galay jir ah u xiran yihiin oo ah nooc ka mid ah. At muhiimka ah waxaa lagu dhejiyay laba fuuli jiray S₁ iyo S₂ leh tirada markooda iyo w₂ w₁. windings waxay leeyihiin wax yar iska caabin ah oo inductance sare.

Khusayso labada daraf oo S₁ ku fuuli jiray, oo aynu u qayshanno U₁ ee danab talantaalli hoose. By fuuli jiray pass talantaalli ah hadda waxaan, oo magnetize steel muhiimka ah adigoo u dhigaya in talantaalli ah ka daadanayo magnetic. saami tallaabo hadda Magnetizing ay tirada ampere-markooda (Iw₁).

Sida kaca hadda u kordhin doonaa daadanayo magnetic ee asaasiga ah, taas oo kicin doonaa isbedelka ee markooda ee ciidanka gariiradda electromotive is-induction. Marka uu soo gaadho danab ku dabaqay, koror hadda soo wareegi koowaad istaago. Sidaas darteed, circuit hoose transformer fuuli jiray ku dhex shaqayn doonaan U₁ codsatay danab iyo ciidamada electromotive of E₁ is-induction. Xaaladdan oo danab ku U₁ E₁ weyn qadarka of dhibic danab ee loogu fuuli jiray waa mid aad u yar. Sidaa darteed, waxaan ku dhowaad ku qori kartaa:

U₁ = E₁.

Talantaalli ah ka daadanayo magnetic dhaca xudunta u transformer ah, sidoo kale maraa on gariiradda ay fuuli jiray dugsiga sare, gariiradda kasta gariiradda xiiso leh sida in baaxadda ciidanka electromotive sida hoose ku fuuli jiray ee gariiradda kasta.

Iyada oo ku saleysan xaqiiqda ah in tirada markooda hoose uyeelaysaan kuwo w₁, iyo sare - w₂, waxaa degmnada galay ciidamada ay yihiin, siday u kala horreeyaan, si siman u:

E₁ = w₁e,

E₂ = w₂e,

halkaas oo e - ciidamada electromotive ahbaa in gariiradda ah.

danab ee ugu shishaysa U₂ furan loogu fuuli jiray ciidanka electromotive waa loo siman yahay waxa ay, tusaale ahaan, in.:

U₂ = E₂.

Sidaa darteed, waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa in danab ku saabsan labada daraf oo hoose transformer ku fuuli jiray si loola jeedaa qiimaha danab ee ugu shishaysa gariiradda labaad, tirada markooda hoose la xidhiidha tirada markooda in sare loogu fuuli jiray,

(U₁ / U₂) = (w₁ / w₂) = k.

k Constant - saamiga transformer hadda.

Haddii ay sidaa tahay, haddii ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la kordhiyo danab ku, kuu diyaarin sare loogu fuuli jiray tiro kordhaysa oo ah markooda (-ka loo yaqaan ee transformer tallaabo-up); kiiska halkaas oo ay lagama maarmaan tahay in ay hoos u danab ka, sare loogu fuuli jiray of transformer qaaday tiro yar oo markooda (transformer talaabo-down). transformer A noqon kara labada ratio tallaabo-up isbadal ah, iyo sida a tallaabo-down, iyada oo ku xidhan waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida hoose ku fuuli jiray.

Iyada oo sare loogu fuuli jiray furan yahay (jiro AC jirin). transformer waxaa cidleeyo. Sidaasay u gubtay, tamarta yar, tan iyo hadda, magnetizing core birta sabab u weyn gariiradda inductance waa mid aad u yar. gudbinta Energy in ay Bannaanka sare ka hoose, halka offline. waayo-aragnimo Tani waxay siisaa fursad ay ku bartaan ratio badalo, iska caabin ah ee aan waxtar lahayn iyo transformer hadda.

load transformer, iskutallaabta ku dhex wareegi jiray resistor sare loogu fuuli jiray. Waxa ay haatan u tegi doonaa on hadda induction ah, muujinaysaa by warqadda I₂. hadda Tani, sida sharciga waafaqsan Lenz ayaa ka dhigi doonaa in hoos u dhac ka daadanayo magnetic ee asaasiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, itaal darro ee ka daadanayo magnetic ee xudunta u ah hoos u dhigi doontaa ciidamada is-induction electromotive ee aasaasiga ah ee loogu fuuli jiray iyo in dheelitir la'aanta ah ee u dhexeeya ciidamada iyo danab ku E₁ U₁, la siiyo by matoor si hoose loogu fuuli jiray. Sidaas darteed, aasaasiga ah ee loogu fuuli jiray koror hadda in qaar ka mid ah I₁ qiimaha iyo noqdo siman yihiin in ay waan + I₁. Sababo la xiriira kororka istaagayn hadda magnetic ee muhiimka ah transformer wuxuu kordhin doonaa si ay qiimo hore iyo dheelitir u dhexeeya U₁ iyo E₁ waxaa mar kale dib loo soo celiyo. Sidaas darteed, muuqaalka kore ee I₂ sare hadda sababa la kordhiyo hadda ee aasaasiga ah ee loogu fuuli jiray by I₁ qiimaha, oo lagu ogaadaa hadda load of hoose loogu fuuli jiray of transformer ah.

Marka load of transformer la sameeyo gudbinta joogtada ah ee tamarta ee Bannaanka sare ka hoose. By sharciga ilaalinta iyo Isbadal tamarta, hadda xoog circuit aasaasiga ah waa loo siman yahay si ay hadda ka soo wareegi awoodda sare; Sidaa darteed, waa in dhaqmaan sinnaanta:

I₁ U₁ = I₂U₂.

Dhab ahaantii, sinnaanta this aan arkay, sida in transformer waxaa jira khasaare, inkasta oo yar yar. ratio Isbadal ku saabsan yahay 94-99%.