Qorshaha Marshall - mashruuca ugu guulaha badan ee gargaarka dhaqaale ee taariikhda

Dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ku dhamaaday. cawaaqibka ay Europe ahaayeen kuwa laga cabsado. Tobanaan malaayiin qof ayaa ku dhintay, ayaa la burburiyay inta badan guryaha ku, wax soo saarka beeraha oo kali ah ay gaareen 70% heerka pre-dagaal.

khasaaraha dhaqaale Guud by qiyaasaha ugu muxaafidka ahaayeen 1 440 bilyan oo faran pre-dagaal. Taageero dibadeed la'aanteed, waddammada by dagaalka saameeyeen, ma xallin karo dhibaatooyinka. Wax gargaarka waa in loo aqoonsado Plan Marshall, magacaabay ka dib markii ay bilaabaha, xoghayaha Maraykanka ee gobolka iyo ciidamada ka fariistay George C. Marshall.

Europe waxaa loo kala qaybiyey laba qaybood, bari jiray gudbikaraa oo saamayn of USSR iyo hoggaanka Stalin ma uusan qarin cadaawad nidaamka xorta ah ee suuqa, iyo sidoo kale ujeedka lagu doonayo in la dhiso nidaam hantiwadaagga dhammaan dalalka Yurub.

Against this soo jeeda, ciidan firfircoon, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan "ka tagay." Xisbiga shuuciga The, oo ay taageerayaan Midowga Soofiyeeti, ayaa bilaabay helo dhulka, oo ay caan ku koray.

Halkaa marka ay marayso, US waxay bilaabeen inay dareemaan halista Communists in ay awood u yimid in dhul ay ka taliyaan ee Western Europe.

Qorshaha Marshall ayaa ahaa kii ugu guulaha mashruuca ogaaday gargaarka dhaqaale ee taariikhda aadanaha.

Ciidamada guud, kuwaas oo noqday Secretary of State hoos Truman, George. Marshall ma lahayn waxbarashada dhaqaalaha. Oo aabbayaasha dhabta ah ee qorshaha ahaa George. Kennan iyo kooxdiisa, waxay ku shaqeeyeen faahfaahinta aasaasiga ah ee hirgelintiisa. In la sameeyo tallaabooyin in la xadido saamaynta Soviet in Western Europe, halkaas oo, in ay dhacdo communists in ay awood u yimid, Maraykanka waayi kartaa ugu muhiimsan - waxay la xilsaaray suuqyada, iyo mustaqbalka in ay la kulmaan iyo khatar military si toos ah.

Sidaas darteed, dhaqaaleyahannada faah dukumeenti la yiraahdo "Qorshaha Marshall." In ay fulinta dalalka lix iyo toban Yurub helay kaalmo guud ahaan gaadhaya 17 bilyan oo dollar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qorshaha Marshall ee aan ka mid ahaa oo kaliya qaybinta alaabta iyo decumulation lacag American, kaalmo la geeyo waafaqsan shuruudaha aad u adag, sida dhimista ee kastamka, diidmada qaramayn ee shirkadaha iyo taageerada mabaadiida dhaqaalaha suuqa ku salaysan, waxaa dhici karta in dalka dimuqraadi ah oo kaliya. 17% ka mid ah lacag ay heshay ayaa lagu qaatay for iibka ah ee qalabka wax soo saarka.

Sam Dzhordzh Marshall at hadalka Harvard June 5, 1947 si cad u muujiyeen nuxurka Maraykanka siyaasadda guud ee ciidamada. Dagaalka looga soo horjeedo shuuciyad suurtogal ma aha haddii Europe noqon doono mid daciif.

Qorshaha Marshall The - soo kabashada a day guul dalalka dagaalka saameysey, iyo 1950 ay dhaafto heerka prewar ah wax soo saarka beeraha iyo warshadaha.

Qayb ka mid ah gargaarka waxaa la siiyaa lacag la'aan ah, laakiin waxa ay ahaayeen intooda badan deynta at heerka u hooseeya.

Qorshaha Marshall ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyay madaxda u ahaa USSR iyo wadamada bariga yurub ee "dimuqraadiyadda dadka", laakiin kaliya afar sano dhamaystirnayn tilmaamayaasha dhaqaalaha isu hadleen. Heerka saamaynta ka mid ah dhinacyada communist waxay bilaabeen inay si degdeg ah hoos u, iyo America helay suuqa weyn alaabta ay.