Oo ah dhaqaaleyahan ayaa Austria Friedrich Hayek: A Biography, hawlaha, waxay aaminsan yihiin iyo buugaagta

Friedrich von Hayek August - waa dhaqaaleyahan Austria iyo British iyo falsafo. Wuxuu difaacay danaha liberalism classical. In 1974 wuxuu helay Nobel Prize ee laba la Gunnar Mirdelom for "lahayid ee aragtida ah oo lacag iyo ... falanqayn qoto dheer ee isku xirnaanta u ah ifafaale dhaqaalaha, bulshada iyo hay'adaha." Hayek loo yaqaan wakiil oo ka mid ah dugsiyada Austria iyo Chicago. Uu guusha ugu weyn - waa dhibaato xisaabinta dhaqaalaha, catallactics aragti kala firdhiyey aqoon, signal qiimaha, si lama filaan ah, model Hayek, Hebb.

warbixin guud

Friedrich Hayek ahaa theorist bulshada la taaban karo iyo falsafo siyaasadeed ee qarnigii XX ah. Isaga oo dhawrid ku saabsan sida loo beddelo calaamadaha qiimaha shaqsiyaadka macluumaad muhiim ah taas oo ka caawisa inay xidhiidhiyaan qorshahooda, wuxuu ahaa guusha muhiim ah dhaqaalaha. Hayek ka qaybqaatay dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, oo uu si joogta ah ayaa sheegay in waayo-aragnimo this ayaa ka abuuray isaga ku jecel yihiin inay ku noqdaan cilmiga ah iyo dadka ka caawiyaan looga fogaado khaladaadka taas oo horseeday in dagaalka hubaysan. Intii uu nolosha, inta badan uu meesha aad deggan ayuu beddelay. Friedrich Hayek shaqeeyay Austria, UK, USA iyo Germany. Wuxuu ahaa professor ka ah Dugsiga London ee Dhaqaalaha, Chicago iyo University of Friborg. In 1939, Hayek la siiyay dhalashada British. In 1984 wuxuu noqday xubin ka mid ah Order of Knights of Honor iyo qaataha koowaad ee Schleyer Hans Martin Prize. Uu article "Isticmaalka aqoonta bulshada" ayaa lagu daray in labaatan sare, soo daabacay wargeyska Review dhaqaalaha American ee 100 kii sano ee ugu horeysay ee jiritaankeeda.

Biography

Friedrich Hayek waxa uu ku dhashay magaalada Vienna. Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa dhakhtar iyo Visiting Professor of cilmi barasho dhir ee jaamacadda hoose. Hayek hooyadeed ku dhashay qoys qani ku ah dadka dhulka leh. Frederick ka sokow, labada qof waxay lahaayeen laba wiil kale (1.5 iyo 5 sano ka yar isaga ka badan). Labada awoowe Hayek ahaayeen culimada. Uu adeer labaad dhinaca hooyada ahaa Faylasuuf caan ah Ludwig Vittgenstayn. Waxaas oo dhan si weyn u saameeyay doorashada ee goobaha oo xiiso of saynisyahan mustaqbalka. In 1917, Friedrich Hayek biiray guutada madaafiicda ee ciidanka Austro-Hungarian on hore ee Talyaaniga. Wuxuu waxaa la gudoonsiiyey oo uu geesinimada intii lagu jiray dagaalka.

In 1921 iyo 1923 uu difaacay sida uu u PhD ee Law iyo Cilmiga Siyaasadda. In 1931 wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo Dugsiga London ee dhaqaalaha. Waxa uu si dhaqso ah u noqday caan ah. Oo ku saabsan Hayek hadlay oo ku saabsan sida aragtiyaha ugu weyn ee dhaqaalaha dunida. Ka dib markii Germany xukumayey Nazi ahaa, wuxuu go'aansaday inuu qaado dhalashada British. In 1950-1962 sano uu ku noolaa dalka Mareykanka. Ka dib markii in, inta uusan u dhaqaaqin Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Hayek hadhay maaddo British ka hor dhamaadka ee uu noloshiisa. In 1974 wuxuu ku guulaystay Nobel Prize. Dhacdadani waxa ay keeneen xitaa ka sii badan oo caan ah. Intii lagu guda jiray xaflada, uu kula kulmay mucaaradka dalka Ruushka Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym. Markaasaa Rabbigu wuxuu isagii u diray turjumaad ee uu shaqada ugu caansan, "Wadada Serfdom."

nolosha Personal

Bishii Agoosto 1926, Friedrich Hayek guursaday Helen Berte Marii von Fritsch. Waxa ay la kulmeen shaqada. Lamaanahan ayaa wuxuu lahaa laba carruur ah, laakiin waxay ka qarxay 1950. Laba toddobaad ka dib markii furiinka Hayek guursaday Helen Bitterlich ee Arkansas, halkaas oo la samayn karo.

Friedrich Hayek: Book

The University of Chicago ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay sii daayo a collection of shuqullada saynisyahan ah, kuwaas oo ka soo shaqeeyay waqti dheer ah halkan. taxane ah oo 19 Muga ku jiri doona versions cusub ee buugaagta, wareysiyo qoraaga, articles, warqado iyo dabayl la daabicin. shuqullada ugu caansan Hayek ayaa waxaa ka mid ah:

• "Lacagta Aragtida iyo Cycle Ganacsiga" 1929.
• "Qiimaha iyo wax soo saarka" 1931.
• "Dakhliga, danta iyo maalgashi iyo maqaalo kale oo ku saabsan aragtida ah ee isbedbedelka warshadaha," 1939.
• "The Road in Serfdom," 1944.
• "Shaqsiyaddeenna iyo Order dhaqaalaha," 1948.
• "Transfer oo ka mid ah hadafyada xorriyadda," 1951.
• "The counter-kacaanka ee sayniska, cilmiga maanka abuse", 1952.
• "Dastuurka Liberty," 1960-kii.
• "Kibirsan Fatal: Baadi Socialism" 1988.

Friedrich Hayek, "Wadada Serfdom"

Waa shaqada ugu caansan oo ah dhaqaaleyahan ka Austria iyo falsafo. Waxa uu ku qoray 1940-1943 siday u kala horreeyaan. In waxa, uu ka digay khatarta kibir, taas oo qasab ku dhamaan dowladda gacanta ku go'aanka ay go'aanada qorshaynta dhexe. Friedrich von Hayek ku doodaysaa in diidmada shaqsiyaddeenna iyo fikradaha of liberalism classical rogrogo keenaysaa in khasaaraha ka mid ah xorriyadda, abuurista bulsho dadban, kaligii talisnimada iyo "addoonsiga" dadka. Waa in la ogaadaa in weedhaha of saynisyahan counter inay shuqullo sayniska orday jiray wakhtigaas views in fashiistaha (Socialism National) Jawaabay raasammaaliyade horumarinta hantiwadaagga. Hayek tilmaamay xididdada caadi ah oo ka mid ah laba nidaam. in ka badan laba milyan oo nuqul ka mid ah "Wadada Serfdom," waxaa lagu iibin tan iyo daabacaadda. Shaqada Fridriha Hayeka ayaa saamayn wayn ku hadal dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee qarnigii XX ah. Her quote maanta.

Contribution iyo Aqoonsiga

shaqada Hayek ayaa saameyn muhiim ah oo ku saabsan horumarinta fikirka dhaqaalaha. fikradaha waa yeerida labaad (ka dib markii Kenneth Arrow) ee muxaadarooyin of Laureates Nobel. Vernon Smith iyo Herbert Simon yeedhay dhaqaaleyahannada casriga ah oo uu ugu caansan. Waxaa Hayek ugu horeysay inay soo bandhigto aragti mid kumeelgaadh ah ee hoganaya suuqa. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa saamayn weyn ku saabsan horumarinta aragtida koritaanka, dhaqaalaha macluumaad iyo fikirka ah si lama filaan ah.

Legacy iyo sharaf

Xitaa dhintay ka dib, Hayek weli mid ka mid ah dhaqaaleyahannada caan ah maanta. views ma noqon huriye. Loo magacaabay in uu sharaf,

• Society Student at School London ee dhaqaalaha. Waxaa la abuuray 1996.
• Society ee Oxford. Abuuray 1983.
• dhagaystayaasha machadka Cato ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, Hayek waxaa la guddoonsiiyey horyaalka ee sharfay la shaqayn jiray cilmi-sare oo ka tirsan ururka cilmi-American.
• dhagaystayaasha at Marroquin University Francisco ee Guatemala.
• Foundation for saynisyahano oo ka mid ah Institute of Studies Bani'aadamnimada. Waxa uu ku siinayaa abaalmarinta postgraduate iyo cilmi-dhalinyaro ah.
• Lecture Annual ee Ludwig von hoo- Institute. Waxay saynisyahano hadlaan kaalin Hayek ee sayniska.
• Award ee George Mason University inuu qoro maqaalo dhaqaale.