Macdanta Norway. Nature, cimilada iyo warshadaha ee dalka

Sida xaqiiqada ah aad ogtahay wax ku saabsan dal sida Norway. On map dunida aad ka heli karto waa gobol ku yaal Peninsula Scandinavian ee Northern Europe. Waxaan soo jeedinaynaa in si qotodheer aqoontooda by macdanta waxbarashada, cimilada, dabeecadda iyo warshadaha ee dalka.

Oo xagga koonfureed iyo xagga bari oo xuduud la ah Norway iyo Finland (736 km), Sweden (1630 km) iyo Russia (196 km). Waxay maydho waqooyi-galbeed Badda ee Norway, Barents - laga bilaabo waqooyi bari, badda woqooyi - oo ku yaalla koonfurta. 25 148 km yihiin xeebta.

Dalka of State oo ay ku jiraan Bouvet Island iyo Jan Mayen iyo jasiiradaha Svalbard - unug khaas ah maamul, oo ay ku jiraan Bear Island. Norway on map dunida waxaa lagu hoos lagu soo bandhigay.

Sida aad arki karto, territory dalka ee kala bixi oo cidhiidhi ah oo ay la socdaan Scandinavian Peninsula ah, xeebaha waqooyi-galbeed (in ka yar 420 km waxa qayb ka mid ah ubalaadhan dhigaysa). Waxa kale oo ka mid ah oo dhan dhagaxyada, jasiiradaha iyo Islets, ku yaal dhul-badeedka.

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ee 1984, dadka gobolka ahaa 4.140.000 dadka. Capital - magaalada Oslo. Country Norway wuxuu u qaybsan yahay 18-ka gobol. Waxaa loo yaqaan fyulke. Norway - luqadda rasmiga ah. krone Norwegian - lacagta. dalka Tani waa tan iyo 1960-kii oo xubin ka ah Free Trade Association Yurub.

kaydka saliidda iyo gaaska

wax soo saarka Gaaska ee Norway - qaybta muhiim ah oo dhaqaalaha. kaydka badan oo gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo saliid yihiin badda woqooyi, ee ay qaybta Norway. Waxay waxaa lagu qiyaasay 765 bilyan oo mitir oo saddex jibbaaran. m iyo 1.5 bilyan oo metrik, siday u kala horreeyaan. Waxaa jira 3/4 beeraha caadiga ah iyo kaydka saliidda oo dhan of Western Europe. In biyaha woqooyi ee Circle Arctic sida kaydka shidaalka ayaa laga helay. Norway by tiradoodu meedka meesha 11 th ee dunida. Half of gaaska ee Western Europe oo dhan waxaa halkan ku urursan. Marka tan la eego gaadhay meeshii 10aad ee dunida Norway. khayraadka Macdanta ee dalka hodan ah oo ballaadhan. 16.8 bilyan oo tan oo saliid gaaraan horranteeda iyo gaaska - 47.7 tcm. m. saarka Oil ee Norway - qaybta a kaas oo ku lug leh in ka badan 17,000 oo qof oo ku nool dalkan.

In ka badan rubuc ka mid ah maal-Norwegian waa dhismaha dhufto ee qodista, kaasoo ku yaala dhinaca galbeed ee Bergen, badda woqooyi. Halkan, waxaa jira mid ka mid ah beeraha waaweyn gaaska dabiiciga ah. madal ugu weyn qodista ee dunida waxaa la dhisay dhab noorwiijiga. Its barakaca waa 1 million tons. Platform height - 465 mitir.

dhuxusha

In gobolka this waa kayd ugu weyn ee dhuxusha ee ka jira qaybaha Arctic of Europe. Waxay ku yaalaan on gasiiradaha Svalbard (Norway). Dhuxul waxaa lagu heli karaa tiro badan. Sida of 2002 khayraadka dhuxusha ee degaanka waxaa lagu qiyaasay Haseyeeshee Norwegian at 10 bilyan oo tan oo dhici kara, iyo kaydka kuwaas oo lacagta la xaqiijiyay in ay ku saabsan 135 million tons lagu kalsoon yahay - .. 35 milyan oo tan oo inta badan kaydka dhuxusha yihiin beeraha Barentsburg, Mount Ahraam. Longir (Paleocene), Grumant City. aagga dhuxusha ugu weyn ee la 4 miino ku yaalla qaybta dhexe ee bari jasiiradda of Svalbard (Norway) ah.

khayraadka Macdanta aan ku xaddidnayn kor ku xusan. Waxaan kuu sheegi ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah oo kale.

iron ore

Iron dhadhaab - ilaha ugu weyn ee biraha, taas oo uu leeyahay Norway. khayraadka Macdanta ee dalka ayaa lagu qiimeeyaa 1999. Sida laga soo xigtay sanadkan, kaydka ah kayd ore Norway qaadataa 6-7 meeshaa oo dhan dalalka kale ee Yurub ka mid ah. Saddexda nooc ee ugu weyn waxaa lagu muujiyey in Norway deposit iron ore. Tani quartzite Precambrian ferruginous (Bornevatn duurka halkaas oo guud ahaan kaydka of 1 bilyan oo tan, oo ay ku jiraan 100 milyan oo tan - weyn), magnetite, ore hematite Cambrian-Silurian (deposit ku saabsan Dunderlanna, boogta Ford) iyo sidoo kale hematite, ore magnetite macdanta ilmenayt, formation magnetite (Rodsann, Telnes, code, iwm).

vanadium

On kaydka ee vanadium qaadataa meel 2aad ee Western Europe (ka dib Finland) Norway. Macdanta, kuwaas oo waxaa la soo bixiyay (si vanadium qaab daahir ah oo aan helay ee dabiiciga ah), inta badan ku urursan duurka ku Rodsann. Inta ay ore lagu qiyaasay ku saabsan 12-15 million tons.

Titan

kaydka Norway ee macdanta waxa uu leeyahay meel hoggaamineed ka mid ah dalalka kale ee Yurub. xiisaha warshadaha Major waa eigersund gobolka anorthosite. Halkan waxaa ku kayd ugu weyn ee noocan ah ee Europe. Telnes anigaa iska leh, kaydka ugu badan ee macdanta ilmenayt (hoos ku sawiran) ee Yurub, sidoo kale waa muhiim.

copper

Copper waxaa inta badan soo saaray ee waqooyiga fog. Waxaa sidoo kale jira beerihii pyrites loo adeegsado warshadaha kiimikada ah ee soo kabashada xeryahooda baaruud. Intaa waxaa dheer, beeraha ayaa la horumariyey noocyo kala duwan oo dhagax ah dhismaha, oo ay ku jiraan marmar iyo dhagax adag.

On kaydka ee dalka senti copper ka mid ah toban dal oo Yurub ah, sida uu sheegay 1999 ka. qiimaha Warshadaha ee Norway waa meelaha copper ore: Sulitelma (Sulihelma), Trondheim (Fosdalen, Tverfellet, Lokket et al.), Grong (Skuruvatn, YoMA).

macdano kale

In Norway, marka lagu daro macdano kale, waxaa jira ore lacag ah. In Kongsberg dhab yihiin senti lacag iyo in Bleykvassli iyo Mufellete - kayd hogaanka-zinc, kaas oo bir ah waa lagaa saarayaa. Sidoo kale dalka this waxay leedahay kayd dahab ah (oo kayd pyrite), graphite, senti phosphate (code deposit) syenite nepheline (jasiiradda Sherno), feldspar (degmada Glamslann), ciid olivine (Aheym), Rusheyn kartaa (at ah oo ku saabsan Senja Skalani.) (Gudbrandsdalen Valle, Filit Altenmarku), nuuradda (Dahlen, Slemmestad, Kirholt), marmar (lyngstad), dolomite (aagga Kragerø).

industry ee Norway

Currently, marka la eego GDP Norway meedka meesha 26 ka mid ah dalalka kale ee adduunka (sida of 2006). daryeelka dadka deegaanka waxa ay inta badan ku tiirsan turxaan saliid iyo warshadaha gaaska.

Xawliga tartiib ah u koraya warshadaha wax soo saarka ee dalka oo xiiso leh noo. Tan waxa u sabab qulqulka caasimada ku koobnayn, iyo sidoo kale suuqa cidhiidhi ah qoyska. 26% ka mid ah wax soo saarka guud iyo 17% ka mid ah shaqada waa in share tamarta ee dhismaha iyo wax soo saarka ee warshadaha ee. warshadaha Energy-degdeg ah ayaa la soo saaray sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Warshadaha ee Norway waxaa ka mid ah qaybaha ugu waaweyn ee soo socda: electrochemical, ELECTROMETALLURGICAL, raadiyaha, saxarka iyo warqad, Dhismaha maraakiibta. heerka ugu sareeya ee warshadaha ee deegaanka by Fjord Oslo ku calaamadsan. Halkan waxaa xoog ku saabsan nus ka mid ah oo dhan shirkadaha warshadaha ee Norway.

laanta ugu horeeysa ee warshadaha ee dalka this - electrometallurgy. Waxaa ku dhisan isticmaalka faraha-badan ee hydropower raqiis ah. Aluminum wax soo saarka asaasiga ah laga sameeyey oo xabagta aluminium, kaas oo la keeno.

warshadaha kiimikada

In gobolka Telemark ee qarnigii 20aad waxaa la abuuray wax soo saarka electrochemical. Sidaas ahayd bilowgii warshadaha kiimikada ee dalka.

Norway maanta dhoofisa isticmaalka warshadaha qarxa, Bacriminta nitrogen, rinjiga, alginates. Waxay soo saarta ma degan oo kaliya in Europe, taasoo keentay jagooyinka, laakiin xataa dunida oo dhan. Ayaa si degdeg ah u horumarsan sannadihii la soo dhaafay, petrochemistry. At salkeeda waxaa jiray wax soo saarka ee balaastigga iyo qalabka kale ee dardaro.

bacriminta nitrogen waa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee la soo saaray warshadaha ee electrochemical. Nitrogen waa loo baahan yahay, waayo, taasu, waxaa soo bixiyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo tiro badan oo ah korontada ka hawada. Waxaa laga dhoofiyey qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Bacriminta nitrogen soo saaray.

warshadaha alwaaxda

37% ka mid ah dalka waxaa lagu daboolay by kaymaha. The ugu badan ee Norway kaynta noocyada geed - bjørk, geed Scotland iyo gran. stock qoryo ayaa haatan ku sugan dalka waa 2 jeer in ka badan 100 sano ka hor. Asal ahaan beeraha yihiin qoyska halka keentay kaymaha iyo beeraha. Iyaga wadankan oo aad u badan. In Norway dhir qoyska kala duwan domain size qofka yar iyo weynba. Tani waxay abuurtaa shuruudo wanaagsan ee Dhawrista noole ee dalka. qaybta muhiim ah oo warshadaha ee dalka waa warshadaha saxarka iyo warqada.

injineernimada

About 25% dhammaan shaqaalaha warshadaha ka shaqeeya ee soo saaridda qalabka gaadiidka iyo mishiinada kala duwan. Meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee hawsha - dayactir markab iyo Dhismaha maraakiibta, wax soo saarka ee qalabka jiilka gudbinta iyo xoogga. injineer ah - arrin warshadaha yar yar ee dalkaan. Iyada oo ka qaybgalka caasimada shisheeye ee sano post-dagaal la abuuray shipyards waaweyn iyo warshadaha, takhasusay soo saarka ee marawaxadaha Haydarooliga, dhufto ee shidaalka badda, macaamiisha iyo qalabka elektarooniga ah iyo korontada warshadaha.

Dharka, cuntada iyo warshadaha dharka

Cunto, dhar iyo warshadaha dharka waa la dhoofiyo alaabta yar. Waxay ka dhergin baahida aasaasiga ah ee gobolka laftiisa ee dharka iyo cuntada. About 20% dhammaan shaqaalaha warshadaha ee Norway waxaa ka shaqeeya warshadaha kuwaas.

warshadaha kalluunka

waxaa muhiim u ah Norway dhow iyo sidoo kale wax soo saarka saliida iyo gaaska. Xarumaha muhiimka ah ee processing kalluunka - waa Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Ålesund. Qayb weyn oo ka mid ah kaluumaysato Ruush ah ay qabsado siinaysaa in Norway falanqeeyo. Russia - waxay sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah macaamiisha ugu badan ee wax soo saarka kalluunka. Akvakultur Norwegian saddex sano ee la soo dhaafay ayaa si degdeg ah u horumarsan. waayo-aragnimo Rich ayaa helay wax soo saarka ee qalabka kala duwan ee beerista kalluunka, la socodka, iyo farsamooyinka wax soo saarka oo duurka ku ah kaluunka.

The gargaarka ee dalka

Relief iyo khayraadka Norway waxtar leh, sida dalalka kale, waa wada xiriira. Waxay waa in ay gargaarka waxay ku xiran tahay inta badan waxa on, waxa Xoolo uu leeyahay State a. Norway - dal oo degan dhul badan oo ah dhul buuraley ah. buuraha Scandinavian - waa in ka badan 70% ka mid ah gobolka. Waxay fidin ka koonfur-galbeed waqooyi-bari, waayo, 1700 km. sarajooggiisu wuxuu celcelis ahaan buuraha Scandinavian ee 1600-1900 m (ugu badnaan - 2469 oo mitir, galdhøpiggen buurta). Xeebteeda band cidhiidhi ah (wax-u stranflat) mashquulin dooxada. Waxa ay width waa 40-50 km. Waxaa laga helaa inta badan koonfurta dalka, in qaybo yaryar oo, ee gobolka of Oslo Ford. On Fjeld (Oogada-peneplains) dissected by gacamo (dooxooyinka) buurta. North ee dalka waa banka hooseeyo buur ah yeedhay Finnmarken. Sarajooggeeduna waa 300-500 mitir. 1139 mitir gaarto danbow ugu sareeya (ee Chuokkarassa), a kaynta-Dhuldhoobo iyo Bbc gornotundrovymi. Iyada oo ka duwan Fjeld af badan yihiin dalcadaha qoto dheer dissected iyo yacday ee buuraha Scandinavian. Halkan waxaa ku kaymaha inta badan taiga. Sida aad arki karto, dabeecadda ee Norway waa kala duwan.

In dalka this, oo gasiirado badan (mastadh, Magere, Senja, Vesterålen, Lofoten). Webiyaasha ugu weyn: Logen (Gudbrandsdalen), Glomma, Logen (Numedal). Nature Norway waxaa kale oo lagu gartaa joogitaanka harooyinka. Waxay mashquulin qiyaastii 4% ka mid ah dhulka. harooyinka Kuwanu waa inta barafka. ugu weyn ee The - Mjøsa. About 27% ka mid ah gobolka waxaa bixinaya kaymaha. Jasiiradaha Shpitsenbergen (Islands Spitsbergen, Edge, Nordaustlandet, Bear, Barents et al.) Ma lagu gartaa talantaalli plateaus, Oo tiixtiix iyo dooxooyinka ballaaran. Diisnaan fiords ay xeebta. halkan munaaraddii ugu weyn - Newton (sare - 1712 m). go'yaal Ice daboolay ka badan nus ka mid ah jasiiradaha. Jirkiisa meel kasta horumariyo.

cimilada

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in, sida dalalka kale ee nordigga, Norway jiro xagaaga diiran kala duwan, waa asalka ah ee jawi wanaagsan. -celinta Tani waa Stream Khaliijka. Cimilada dalka this iska dhawraa, subarctic - ee ka fog waqooyiga, Badda - in dhulka xeebaha. Country Norway waxaa kale oo lagu gartaa jiilaalka oo aad u khafiif ah. Bishii Janaayo, heerkulka celcelis ahaan waa ka -12 ° C ee waqooyiga iyo koonfurta - +2 ° C. Summers waa qabow (+6 ... + 15 ° C), inta badan waa dabaylo iyo roobab xoog leh. Roobab kala duwan tahay 300 mm sanadkii (bari) in 3000 mm (badanaa dhaadhacyadii galbeedka). On dalcadaha bari ee maddiibadihii intermountain muujiyey cimilada qaaradda. go'yaal Ice jira dad badan oo Fjeld. Bedka guud ee barafka waa qiyaastii 5000 sq. km. gacamo diisnaan xeebaha.

seismicity

Gaba sharaxaad ka mid ah Norway, ku dar laba qof oo ah erayada ku saabsan seismicity ah. Country waa yaalla aagga, lagu gartaa hawl seismic hooseeyo. Asal ahaan, ee meelaha xudunta u ah hannaanka ee dhulgariir yar yihiin xeebaha Atlantic.