Howitzer "Peony": sifooyinka. Is-gano 2S7 howitzer "Pion"

Wajahaada dhinaca kooxaha ciidamada NATO iyo dalalka reer Heshiiska Warsaw ah ee demoqaraadiyad dabayaaqadii - todobaatanaadkii hore noqoto daran. Dhacdooyinka in Czechoslovakia, waxaa si joogto ah dhista-up ee Mareykanka joogitaanka nuclear ee hortegi lahaa ee ka socda Vietnam War, dagaal-goboleedka badan - waxan oo dhan ka dhigay filayo ugu rajo xun mustaqbal nabad ah. Madhabta military ee Midowga Soofiyeeti kaliya milicsiga ah ee gardarada suurto gal ah iyo guurka degdeg ah oo la siinayo ma weerar si ay u gudbiyaan deegaanka firfircoon ee hawlaha kale ee territory. Si loo fuliyo qorshahan, kooxaha ciidan awood midaysan ee gobolka ayaa lagu qotomiyey in qaybta galbeed ee USSR. Burburin line cadowga iman kara deyr leh, waxayna ahaayeen kuwo isku dhaca noocyo badan oo hub ah, daafaca ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale weerar. Mid ka mid ah qalab sida oo noqday 2S7 a self-gano howitzer "Pion", oo awood u gaystey ma aha oo kaliya caadiga ah (engeeg), laakiin sidoo kale by eedeeyay gaarka ah. In luqadda military si yeedhay hubka nukliyeerka.

Taariiqda

The warhead nuclear Soviet marka hore ayaa si guul leh tijaabiyey ee 1949. Laakiin dhowr leeyihiin hubka burburka culus geysta, nidaamyada gaarsiinayo codsiga loo baahan yahay. Waqtigaas, jidka keliya ee diyaaradaha uu dhaliyay nuclear ayaa duqeeyaan iyo Stalin ee Soviet Union joogay asturidda hal nooc oo kaliya diyaaradaha, ay awoodaan in ay qaadaan multi-ton rar laga cabsado fog ku filan. Tu-4 guuriyeen ka American B-29 ah, oo hore weeraro "Sharaf" on Hiroshima iyo Nagasaki. Laakiin nidaamka madaafiic Soviet lagu tiriyaa sida labaad ee ma jiro, oo mid ka mid ah kuwii hore u ahaa fikradda ah iyaga oo isticmaalaya waayo rasaas bamka nukliyarka awoodda yar. Later, ka dib markii in ka badan labaatan sano, howitzer "Peony" waxa uu noqday materialization dhab ah fikradaha design ah, ka dibna, ee konton konton hore, waxa ay isku dayeen in ay ogaadaan, laakiin ma aha mid aad si guul leh. Imtixaanada ee qoryaha is-laga gano iyo madaafiic culus 2A3 2B1 shaaca ka qaaday dhowr ciladaha nidaamyadan, inta badan sabab u ah ay bulkiness iyo miisaanka culus. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada madaafiic N. S. Hruscheva joojiyay si ay u eegaan hub casri ah. Sida ka leexatay, waa dhicis.

hawsha taatikada

Inta lagu jiro oo baaxad weyn oo howlgalka istiraatiiji ah weerar, sida uu sheegay aragtiyaha military iyo Guud, in wajiga koowaad waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si loo xakameeyo meelo ka mid ah iska caabin ah, si indho la'aan ah xaalad murugsan oo ka mid ah xidhiidhka iyo gacanta cadowga, oon ku keeni dhaawac ugu badan si awood difaaca ay. Si aad u dhammayn hawshan in aannu mar isticmaalay gantaal taatiko, qarax iyo diyaaradaha weerar iyo siyaabo kale oo ka mid ah soo-gaadhista dab, oo ay ku jiraan madaafiicda kala duwan oo muddo dheer. Faa'iidada of dambe waa cheapness qaraabo ah shot kasta (oo la gantaallo la barbar dhigo) iyo gantaalaha soo gaartay dhibaato ay la socoto lacag qaaradda hawada. qoriga waa in ay leeyihiin tiro ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha farsamada, ka mid ah taas oo ah kuwa maamulaha waa: duwan toogashada ah (aan ka yarayn 25 km, ama wasakhda shucaaca ayaa daruurtii ka dhex heli doontaa ciidamada uu), tiro ku filan oo tuuro-la'aan (qiyaastii quintal) oo sax ah halkii sare. Howitzer 2S7 "Pion" kulmay shuruudahan, weliba, waa maanta tixgeliyo nidaamka madaafiic ugu awooda badan dunida ee.

Coordination iyo taabtay

xaqiiqooyinka qallalan sheegay by akhristaha casriga ah in horumarinta qoryaha is-gano bilaabay in 1967, by guga ee 1970, shuruudaha tixraaca waxaa ugu dambeyntii la diyaariyey, oo ay 70s bartamihii koobi oo muunad cusub ay bilaabeen in ay timaado Army Soofiyeeti. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu dhakhsaha badan sheeko cirfiid ah, iyo kiisku yahay mid aad uga dheer. Howitzer "Peony" ku dhashay xanuun. Habka ugu horeysay, oo qoryo ku size dabiiciga ah sameeyey, jihada Difaaca Wasaaradda USSR iyo khubaro ah Leningrad Artillery Academy ee la soo diiday. Markaasaa waxaa muranka aasto, maxaa yeelay, qoriga ahaa loogu tala galay oo keliya ma aha, waayo, rasaas spetszaryadami, laakiin sidoo kale lagu gano adag difaaca mass caadiga ah soo saaray. Ka dib markii macaamiisha badan dood joojiyay at 203 milimitir x soo jeediyay wakiillada warshad "xayndaabka" sida size si mug leh. Selection of jiifku waxay ahayd mid aad u adag, jiifku T-10 taangiyada iyo T-64 ma ku haboon, sababtoo ah maamulka Hargaysa ay ka xun gaadho. In dhamaadka, dhanyahay la gaaray. Warshadda Kirov sida horumariyaha ah madaxa hawsha si aad ugu qorshayso howitzer ah "Peony" gudbisay. qoriga ayaa la aaminay in ay geedka "la xidhay" (Volgograd). Raadinta ka hor, waxaa la ogaadaa waxa laga yaabaa in labada shirkadood ayaa si guul ah ula qabsanay hawsha dawladda.

guryaha gaashaaman khariidad

sawir Layout ee qoryaha is-gano maanta u muuqdaan kuwo sahlan, laakiin dhinaca horumarinta ayaa dalbaday in badan oo dadaal. Howitzer 2S7 "Pion" wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba cutub ugu weyn, jiifku ka oo si toos ah fulisaa. Housing jiifku ay dabagal ku qaybsan yahay afar dhigan karo. In qolka gacanta, oo ku yaalla hore ee mashiinka waa taliyaha, darawalka iyo mid ka mid ah xisaabinta askartii. Tan waxa la qol awood dhexdeeda Jaha propulsion naaftada awood badan. qol Next loogu talagalay nidaamka gaadiidka outdoorsy ayaa laba ama saddex (ku xiran tahay wax ka beddelid) xisaabinayo xubnaha. Waxaa aad guriguu dhigtay rasaas. 2S7 Feed "Pion" qabtaan hub iyo saxan-furitaanka, oo wakiil ka ah nooc ka mid ah baaldi cagaf la drive Haydarooliga. Inta lagu guda jiro toogashada ka mid ah qalabka guskiisa galay ciidda ilaa 70 cm iyo qaadataa tamar recoil ah.

Qoqobada munaaraddii mashiinka dagaal mar.

guryaha waxay leedahay laba lakab jaale xabada, yaraynta haddii weerar nuclear dhaawac saamayn fallaadhaha gamma by badh.

unit Power bixiyo ee naaftada-46-1, waa 750 litir. a. matoorka korontada is-shaqeeya waa la fuliyay, ka gashey engine 24-hooras, waxaa sidoo kale ka shaqeeya shidaalka solyarovoe. gudbinta farsamo, taangi (ka T-72).

Toddoba rollers track, waxay leeyihiin shaqsi absorbers lama filaan ah Haydarooliga, taasoo keentay labo ka mid ah hore, track - dib.

Marka design ee jiifku ka badan oo dareenka ayaa la siiyaa maintainability iyo midka la horey u xaqiijiyay on unugyada taangiyada.

hub

Under hoggaanka Chief Designer warshad GI Sergeeva KB Volgograd "la xidhay" ahaa karin inuu abuuro isagoo hub u gaar ah. dhaqanka horumariyo design caadiga caalamiga monoblock shirka weyn ee qoriga kasta. Taas macnaheedu waxa weeye in foosto iyo dayaca ay ka samaysan yihiin isku waslad bir ah mabda'a. Technology Tani waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin ay, laakiin waxa kale oo uu leeyahay khasaare weyn. Foosto hub ka rasaas ay xidhaan, oo ay dhacdo in this waa in la gabi ahaanba bedelay dayaca ah. Howitzer "Pion", qoriga oo lagu disassembled karaa, way adag tahay in sameeyo, laakiin waxa fudud in la dayactiro waa. qayb ku dhafnaa waxaa lagu beddeli karaa, xitaa beerta ku. design waxaa loo soo jeediyey in injineer qarnigii XIX A. ku Kolokoltsev la warshad Obukhov, laakiin markaas ogaaday waxa kari waayeen, sababo farsamo, oo halkan fikrad ah hindisa ka tayo Ruush ayaa helay ay dhalashada labaad.

In isugu shabahay kale howitzer 203 mm "Peony" - waa hubka ugu badan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa mid aad u xoog badan. Qaybta dharbaaxay ayaa arc a waayihiisa u fidinno xagal ku tiil ilaa 60 °, la siiyaa resetting xagal azimuth 30 deg ah., ayuu kala jejebiyey xakame ma joogo (tani waxay kaloo bixiyaan faa'iidooyin sida la ruxruxo-kar yar), iridda qalab riix-jiido ah. Laakiin faahfaahin waa kuwan oo xiiso leh oo kaliya in ay ku takhasusay.

Sidee xukumaya

Shaqaalaha hubka Qalcaddiinna culus ku filan, ka dibna miisaan kartaa ilaa 110 kg. Sidaa darteed, is-gano 2S7 howitzer "Pion" qalabeysan yahay qalab farsamo la manipulator ah iyo gacan ku haynta fog. qolof ah in kor loo karaan dhulka ama gaari xamuul ah, isagoo farta ku fiiqaya isbedel xagal muhiim ma aha in kiiskan. Ujeedadu sidaas ma jebin. Xaaladaha deg-deg ah, sidoo kale codsan tarooli bareelo gaar ah ama saamiga gobolka.

Waxa xusid gaar ah waa heerka ugu sareeya ee farsamooyinka gacanta yaac. In case of failure ama wax soo saarka failure korontada, hydraulics ama pneumatics howlgal kasta oo la samayn karaa by la taaban karo, si fudud by jeestay inaanu a. Waxa ay noqon doontaa gaabis ah, laakiin si loola dagaallamo dhibaatada weli suurtagal tahay.

Kharashka la siiyaa fiyuuska a iyo ku habboon si ay isgaadhsiin ah gano xawaare hore, qayb dayaca waxaa la dhigay bac dhar, kaydiyaa sanduuqyada gaar waterproofed. Waayo, hub awood badan sida khuseysaa oo keliya jidka kartuzny dardaarankii.

Hanuun iyo isgaarsiinta

203mm howitzer "Peony" waxaa la siiyaa hab fudud oo lagu kalsoonaan karo hanuun. In ay sal - dusha nooca hortiisa PG-1 waxaa loogu talagalay rasaas at diirada jid toosan. Waxaa la isticmaali karaa marka ay lagama maarmaan tahay in dabka si toos ah u qabtaan. Waayo, rasaas on fog ah, laakiin Arsenal shay la arki karo isticmaalo scopes kale, OP4M-99A.

adag ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah periscopes ah indhaha TNPO-160 ee lacagta toddoba xabbadood, oo lagu daray laba la mid ah kooxda kaalinta on godobihii ah. U fiirsasho waxaa lagu fuliyaa habeenkii la isticmaalayo qalabka infrared TVNE-4B.

qalabka isgaarsiinta raadiyaha VHF wakiil iyo P-123M xiriir gudaha 1V116.

"Malka"

Waayo, shan iyo toban sannadood hawlgalka milatari ee ka dhiman ee loo aqoonsaday, taas oo uu leeyahay howitzer ah "Peony". Features of the kala duwan oo sax ah ciidamada waan ku qanacsanahay, soo baxday in bottleneck ah, qaar ka mid ah wadida iyo waxqabadka hawl. Intaa waxaa dheer, markii ugu of loading oo la xiriira isaga iyo heerka dhigmayn leh ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigeysa in badan waxaa loo doonayaa. By 1980, madaafiic joogsatay si uu u qabto iyo awoodaha macluumaad saarnaayeen qalab.

Wax kabadal howitzer is-gano "Peony" helay index "M" iyo magaca code of "Malka" ah. Way ka duwantahay noocooda ah engine vsetoplivnym awood badan siddeed (waayo, waa shidaalka ku haboon, la shito, iyo leedahay ficil ahaan wax kasta oo shiday), gacanta qalabka dab cusub (isagoo shahaado sare ee qalabaynta) ah, habka sare ee Sargaal rasaas rasaas (hadda jira, laba jeer ka badan asal ahaan u kaxaystay howitzer ah "Peony"). Jiifku ayaa sidoo kale maray casriyeynta, kordhay nolosha adeeg ee ilaa 10 thous. Km ee natiijada. nidaamyada taladadii ka leeyihiin la socodka waxqabadka muujinaysa.

The horumar ugu muhiimsan ee heerka ay dhibaatadu saameysey dabka. farsamo Remote ayaa dib uqaabaynta, keenaya heerka loading kordhay 60% (ilaa 24 shuut halkii 1 sec.). Khatarta ugu of a hub burburinta aargoosi ah ayaa keentay in samaynta si ay u bixiyaan version a hago la soo bandhigay digital ah hababka oo dhan toogashada gaariga taliyaha ayaa, taas oo signalada waxaa lagu kala qaado by radio ama isgaarsiinta silig.

sifooyinka

Cayrin soo bidhaamayaan gool ah - howlgalka dagaalka ugu weyn, kaas oo la abuuray si ay u qabtaan howitzer ah "Peony". Cayrin qoryaha kala duwan oo ku xiran tahay baaxada leh ee laga gano ah. The sare-qarxa 3VOF34 qarxa caadiga ah ee miisaankeedu yahay 17.8 kg u diri kartaa fogaan ah 37.4 km. 3VOF35 Active-Waxyeelo sii umado, si 47,5 km (qaar ka mid ah xitaa ka badan 55). Isticmaalka gacan qolof cajalka u baahan 3VO15 dagaal isticmaalka wax yar ka badan 30 km.

spetszaryad nuclear taatikada loo dhiibi karaa in ay meel fog ka mid ah 30 km.

xawaare hore ee gano ah, bixiyo dhamaystiran kartuznym loading siman ee 960 m / s.

Howitzer "Peony" waxaa loo turjumi karaa ka heleyna galay gobolka toogashada ah muddo lix daqiiqo. Xisaabinta 14 qof, kala bar oo waa la fuliyay in gaari dagaal ah, haray baabuurta dheeraad ah (BM, BMD iyo m. N.)

Dhisid for 2S7 ah "Pion" oo ku lug leh isticmaalka noocyada kala duwan ee rasaasta. qolofka la taaban karo-daloolin loogu talagalay in lagu baabbi'iyo waxyaabaha lagu aasay oo si gaar ah la ilaaliyo. Ujeedada miinooyinka dhulka iyo kharashyada kooxdu waa raasamaal mid ka mid ah shaqaalaha cadowga iyo gawaarida gaashaaman. Haddii ay dhacdo in khilaaf caalami ah ama dagaal kooban nuclear ee koorsada spetszaryady tegi karo, oo ay ku jirto kiimikada, kaas oo sidoo kale toogasho karo howitzer ah "Peony". TTX si weyn ay ku xiran tahay habka ay u Hanuun iyo isticmaalka ilaha dibadda ah macluumaad ku saabsan meesha uu burburinta bartilmaameedka.

gano gantaal-caawisay loo isticmaalo haddii ay dhacdo baahida loo qabo in diirada u fog badan saxsanaan sare. saxo dhabbihii waa suurto gal, oo ay ku jiraan Space Astro ah, laakiin waa kaliya ay heli karaan Arsenal Ruush.

Gudaha iyo dibaddaba

Ka dib burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti howitzer is-gano "Peony" waxa uu ahaa sababo kala duwan in ciidammadii reer dalalka darsin hubaysan ah. iyaga ka mid ah, ugu horreeya oo dhan bedelka sharciga ah ee USSR ah - Federation Ruush ah, taas oo uu leeyahay 320 unug, kuwaas oo intooda badan waa on ilaalinta, Uzbekistan (48 kumbiyuutarada.), Belarus (36), Azerbaijan iyo Angola (12), Poland (halkan siddeed halbeeg 2S7 " Peony ", iibin 1989 by Midowga Soofiyeeti, mar hore laga saaray adeegga) iyo waddamada kale ee yar. Tool waayo khilaafka gobolka oo inta badan ay u muuqataa sida xad-dhaafka awood badan. Tani waxay keenaysaa in xaaladda xaddidan isticmaalka. In xaaladda dagaal ah waxaa ilaa iyo haatan ayaa kiiska ka mid ah oo kaliya halkaas oo codsatay, iyo waxa aad u nasiib-darro ah, howitzer "Peony". Photo ka, warbaahinta Joorijiyaan ciidanka is-gano lagu daabacay August 2008 ku dhowaad dhammaan dunida ee qabsaday. Shan qoryaha is-gano waxaa loo soo dhiibay Ukraine, afar ka mid ah waxaa lagu halligay, mid ka mid ah liiska koobab Army Ruush ee dhacay.

Waxaa jira oo keliya liiska yar ee xaaladaha howitzer ah "Peony" Xaq ah loo isticmaali karaa. Features of qalab this waa in dagaalka oo leh ujeeddooyin dhibic waa isticmaalka yar. Waxaa abuuray loola dagaalamaya gudbinta hubka nuclear xeeladeed. Marka la isticmaalayo qaraabo ballaarinta spetszaryadov in bartilmaameedka, qiyaasay in tobanaan mitir, muhiimadda ay leedahay wax badan oo aan leeyahay. Sidaa darteed takhasusay military waa in ay qaadaan galay muuqaalada account iyo sifooyinka hantiyeen howitzer "Peony". In Ukraine, u qori noocan ah ka dib burburkii Soviet tagay oo ku saabsan boqol. '23 waxay aamusnaan istaagay bakhaarada in jilciyaha. colaadda ka-South East ayaa keentay in hoggaanka dalka ee si aad u dalbato furo cutubyo dhowr iyo iyaga galay qaabka dagaalka. Howitzer "Peony" waxa ay ku soo gani doonaa? Photos ku raran on flatcars rakiban culus, ee aragtida, waa in loo Waxyoodo ahayn fikirka ku saabsan guusha dhaw ... Laakiin rajaynayaa in ka hor inta codsigooda ma iman doono.