Gujis ugu dhaqsaha badan ee dunida. mashaariicda quusta

Shoogga - waa jidkeenna! Munaasabadan ayaa waxaa ka dhacay 1971, dayrta. gujis nuclear Soviet (tirada taatikada K-162, "worreda" Project 661) la xoog leh sida hubkiisa, jirka titanium u dhaw in ay "Saratoga" Markabka daran. 6 joojinta xambaara dayuuradaha ee Navy Maraykanka ayaa qorsheysey inay ku jeexjeexi dabacsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, goosh aan caadi ahayn si fudud fogaadaa mucjiso qalabka badda ee shisheeye, taas oo muujinaysa in uu wajiga. "Ka danbayso" kooxda ayaa la yaabay at a awoodaha xawaaraha cajiib ah. Kaliya hadhay "prude" gujis ugu dhaqsaha badan! Waxa aan ahaa oo aan iyada loo siman yahay ee dunida. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in bogagga Guinness Book waxaa ka mid ah - xataa eray keliya. qarsoodi Military ma taagnaan karo Crore ah.

Waxaad ku seexan, inaanan kaa tagayn!

kibirka mushkilado markabka Mareykanka oo ka mid ah "Lexington" yimid Mediterranean si ay dekedda Atlantic ee Miami, meeshii ciidamo joogto ah. Si lama filaan ah badmaaxyo shisheeye arkay in waxyaalaha moolka dheer oo ay soo qabtaan weyn "nibiriga" - gujiska, dhinacyada ka mid ah kuwaas oo u dhigma xajmiga guriga afar dabaq. Sida ka leexatay, waa wax aan macquul aheyn in ay ka baxsadaan, oo doonnida u qoto dheer saacado effortlessly gaadheen side, kuwaas oo laga soo ururiyey 30 kuus kuus (55.56 km / h). Tani ma aha markii la yaab leh: "worreda" (K-162) horumariyo 44,7 kuus kuus (80.4 km / h).

awood ku filan oo kaliya hal marawaxadaha, inay qortaan oo ay hayaan xawaare fantastik ah. gujis ugu dhaqsaha badan, duulaya sida baabuurka on waddada, on Earth caalamka inay sidan sameeyaan, si fudud looma helin. Jahawareer koray goobjoogayaasha. Amaanaa "Old Lady" (mid ka mid ah naanays ah "Saratoga") eegay gabi ahaanba ciirsi. farsamada Soviet si toos ah on indhaha cadowga ee tusay buuxda xawaaraha rikoorka adduunka dhaqdhaqaaqa quuska. Oo uusan iska leh Mareykanka iyo dalka ku jira kuwaas oo, sida laga soo xigtay qaar ka mid ah, ku orso oo waddooyinka ku socdaan.

jawaab hufan

markhaatiyaal qabatay ma fahmi karaan, sida a Ruush "rounders sabayn" in ay ka dalban kartaa epithet ah "xawaaraha cajiib ah", "dhaqsiyaha badan"? "Villarreal ma meeldhexaadka ah"? Haa, layaabna ma waxay dhihi si fiican u rumaysan oo aanay u khiyaanaysay badan in laydin khiyaanayn, ha rumaysanina. Waxaa soo baxday in xitaa sida ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah! Waxaa la og yahay in bishii March 1971 xawaaraha 44.85 kuus kuus (83.05 km / h) ayaa loo hagaajin karaa Motovsky line cabbir ah (aagga xeebaha).

Victory loo baahan yahay si loo gaaro in joogitaanka goobjoogayaasha tilmaamaan weelal. Oo waagaas, waxaan jeclaa inaan sameeyo on munaasabadaha waaweyn xisbiga. feat Tani beeganto lahaa furitaanka XXIV Congress of CPSU ah. Storm bilaabay, hydrologists waxay awoodi waayeen in ay badda galaan. Marka cimilada la dhiso, waxaan go'aansanay in aan soo sheegto. Iyadoo duufaanka, at boqolkiiba boqol load awoodda gujis tigoodu nuclear soo saaray rikoor cusub, isla 44.85 kuus kuus.

Markuu sameeyey laba wareegyada ee dabaysha, in dhibaatooyinka kulanka saddexaad oo ka hadlay taliska si ay u joojiyaan tijaabo halis. Sidaas darteed, tirada rikoor adduunka ah 44,7 ah ayaa lagu soo daray. Planck aan weli la Adkaan. In bartamihii 70-mada ay qarnigii XX, samaynta Soviet rajaynayo in la kordhiyo qiyaasta wax soo saarka, samaynta wax soo saarka serial waxyaabaha cusub. Laakiin taasi ma aysan dhicin, inkasta oo quusta casriga ah ee Northern Fleet ma yihiin ilaa nus qarni ah tirooyinka ka hor.

Sababtoo ah qiimaha sare (kharashka lacag dhan ilaa 1% boqolkiiba miisaaniyadda xoogga) "dilaaga xambaara dayuuradaha"-xawaaraha sare ahaa qofka kaliya, gaar ah oo, sida kor ku xusan, ka-qarsoon top. Information sanado badan lama soo dhamaan shaqaalaha military. Degree ee wax lays geliyey mawduuca dadka rayidka ah malayn karaa oo keliya. Anyway, waxay ahayd jawaabta daran ee hantiwadaagga ka dhanka ah raasammaaliyade "dhaqan Imperial".

Waxaan ku tusi doonaa waxaad gruel!

badan oo ku saabsan sida iyo sababta uu ku dhashay gujis ugu dhaqsiyaha badan ka baro. In dunida of Dagaalkii Qaboobaa adkaaday, gacanta, gudashada laba nidaam siyaasadeed oo kala duwan, si adag u tartamay in dhismaha hubka. In bartamihii qarnigii XX ah, Maraykanka barnaamij ciidamada gaarka ah. Dhig siiyo in aad on istaraatijiyad ee dheehan waano macquul ah, qayb ka mid ah taas oo ahayd istiraatijiyad badda ah.

ciidan weerar bedelay jihada awoodda ugu weyn, waxay u baxday dib u tilmaamid af badan ka yimid dalka in ay badda. Nidaamka waxaa taageera ah "airfields sabayn" - kooxaha durbaanka sideyaasha diyaaradaha. Country of hantiwadaagga guul degdeg loogu baahan yahay oo keliya ma aha casri ah, qalabka cusub. Waxay ahayd su'aal ku saabsan in ay u muuqdaan gujis ugu dhaqsiyaha badan yahay. Midowga Soofiyeeti ee 60s ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay Maraakiibta waaweyn ma haysan waqti ay ku qotonsatay, dagaalka xad dhow ayaa ku dhintay hoos ilaalinta ee hooyo ka soo duulay Nazi. Wadankaas ayaa waxa kali ah ka soo kabsanaya burburka. dhalidda ayaa laga helay: madaxa gobolka Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev go'aansadeen in ay muujiyaan qof kasta gruel kalsooni sida raxan gujis unsurpassed.

Babahnut xaq u wanaagsan ka soo dhacaan moolalka

Si cad horumar joogto ah qalabka military Soviet ahaa ka hor inta siiyey, sida sameeyey gujis ugu dhaqsiyaha badan. In dunida ka mid ah hor imaad adag, ka dib markii istiraatiijiyadda badda ah baahida loo ahaa ee ay height. Waxaa la og yahay in si demoqaraadiyad ah muunad gujis ee Midowga Soofiyeeti lahaa khasaare ah oo halis ah: gantaal la bilaabay laga yaabaa inuu ku dhacay bartilmaameed kaliya marka gabbaldhac ka soo qoto dheer, ka dib muuqashada.

Inta badan waa in meel this of-gujiska "iftiiminaya" cadowga iyo halaagnay (haddii aadan waqti ma u leeyihiin in ay waqti "unyrnut"). Si dhakhso ah, ka "ametustos" - nidaamka gantaal in lagu bilaabi karaa ka kacay moolka dhexdiisii gudubyadaas qarsoodiga. Waxaa la abuuray gacanta ugu naqshadeeye ee gantaalada iyo technology meel Vladimir Chelomeya (photo kor ku xusan). Cibaaro si degdeg ah ku qaatay, inkastoo miisaanka dagaalka ee madaxa uu noqdo mid yar sida kala duwan toogashada ah. Dhammaan oo ka mid ah arrimo u muuqda xun ayaa mowjadda by reserve leh fursad aad ku codsato weerar lama filaan ah ku maqan.

mission qarsoon

Waxaa loo maleeyey in si joogto ah u dhaqaaqin goolka noqon doonaa in aad ula socoto oo dhan-arkaya "Isha" gacanta maamulka iyo nidaamka hanuun. Tani nayaa hawsha laga fogaado weelashii roondo ah (maraakiibta wehel) cadowga ah ay suurto gal. On guddiga loogu tala galay in si toos ah Jaha toban gantaal diyaaradaha (gantaalaha) P-70. Sida hawada loo baahan yahay gujis ugu awooda badan! Doonniyaha adduunka in quusin karo iyo in ay ku shaqeeyaan hoos biyo, duruufo ma ma noqon karaan "clones" ee kula tartamaya.

Si aad shaqada aan soo jiitay xitaa boqolaal, laakiin kun oo xirfadlayaasha, kulligood way wada saxiixay rahaamad in aan soo bandhigno sirta qaranka. xal Design loo isticmaalay, gees u xaaqan oo mar: gujis ah ku dhashay mustaqbalka. Waxay diiradda on gantaal safar kala duwan oo la magac qurux badan "ametustos". Waa yar - siddeetan kiiloomitir. Si loo dynamically haboon in gujiska sabayn on masaafo airfields weerar loo baahan yahay si ay u yarad la awoodaha-xawaaraha sare (dhigantaa in toorbiidyo a).

Feature-hodan iyo ergonomic

In jawi xiisad iyo qarsoodiga ku dhashay gujis ugu fiican. In dunida iyo dalka, qofna ma ogaa magaca maamulaha mashruuca. amar sayniska kama taagna, shipbuilder takhasus Julius Karangi ayaa Academician Nikolai Isanin (sidii markii naqshadeeye si fiican u yaqaan ee pride "Vostok" Sergei Korolev) ahaa shakhsi sare lagu tilmaamay. Under bilowgiisii adag oo ba'an ee kooxda shaqeeyeen saacad kasta. Marka marxaladdan qaar ka mid ah, hoggaanka la qaatay in ka badan by Nikolai Shulzhenko. shaqo adag cabbudhinayo keenay midho hodan.

Bishii December 1960, mashruuca gujis mustaqbalka diyaar u ahayd. Number of xal farsamo wax-uqabso "off qiyaasta" - 398: isteerinka sida diyaarad, hago, camera, qalabka, iyo, dabcan ah, jirka titanium ugu waara, kaas oo la soo saaray ee Severodvinsk "Sevmash" ee 1962. K-162 laftiisa waxaa la aasaasay shirkad la mid ah bishii December 1963 (lambarka serial 501). door muhiim ah la siiyey ergonomics.

Afar ka iman kara Qiyaastii Adduunka

Energy ay bixiyaan laba tigoodu nuclear. Project 661 ka mid unit paroenergeticheskuyu laba-usheeda dhexe (kasta 40,000 hooras, in 2-laab ka badan in oo dhan "asxaabteena" gudaha iyo dibadda). Inta badan sababta oo ah tani waxaa ku guuleysatay horyaalka ee "gujis ugu dhaqsiyaha badan." In dunida ka halkaas oo la eb nabad ah sayidkooda oo keliya, qalabka tijaabada ee qarka u saaran inay khayaali siiyey kalsooni dalka our.

shidaalka nukliyeerka ee tigoodu noqon lahaa ku filan afar shiraaca circumnavigation (at-oolnimada sare iyo badbaadada). "Celebrity Biography" ee la soo dhaafay oo kooban: doon waxaa lagu riday biyaha ee 1968 (ka January 1978 waxaa hoos tirada taatikada K-222 ku qoran); lagu eedeeyay 1988; ugu dambeyntii takhalusin ee 2010 on the "Sevmash".

qaylada ma wanaagsana

gujis ayaa adduunka ugu fiican ma noqon karaan mass-soo saaray weli sababo badan. kiiska titanium Cool kakanaanta xad-dhaaf ah oo kala duwan oo soo saaridda. By dhamaadka ee 80s ee qarnigii labaatanaad yihiin gantaalo huriye P-70 "ametustos" (hub ciidan ugu weyn). cadow la fili karo ayaa soo saartay qalab cusub la ogaado. nidaamka Hydroacoustic leh ballan qaado heerka sare si fudud u hesho meesha of the-K 162 (K-222). xaalada ayaa ah mid qasan qaylada sare "worreda".

diyaarad anti-gujis horumaray. In onkod ah, "nibiri" Oceans (badmaax Soviet ee qiimaha sare iyo doon briskness loo yaqaan "Goldfish") wuxuu ahaa yar tahay in ay u noolaadaan. Waxaa u muuqan lahaa, isticmaalka, oo waxay bilaabeen in 2008 - dhacdo caadi ah. Dadka ayaa abuurtay mashiinka a motion weligeed ah. mid ka mid ah oo dhan soo gala burbur. Laakiin waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah kooxda heysata horyaalka kaliya, kaasoo laga yaabo in madxafka oo ah guusha design, injineernimada. Aan la badbaadiyey.

bylem baxda

K-222 tegey duugga ah sida G a sariirta daxalaystay ama jir. Oo gujis this, qalabaysan nidaamka "li'idiisa-661" (vseshirotnaya), "Rada-1", "Nichrome" (wax lagu qeexay iska leh gobolka gaar ah), nidaamka SOONAARKA side "Ruby"! Si aad jebiso - ma si ay u dhisaan ... Waxaa jira ra'yi maanta kordhin karaan caanka ah ee meel dalxiis cajiib ah.

Ka dib markii jiritaanka dheer oo qarsoon gaar ah si wax badan oo xiiso leh oo ku saabsan isaga rugta u adag gujis ugu awooda badan "u sheegay". Ma jiraan calaamooyin badan, sida ay u muuqato. Lovers of tahay waxay rumaysan yihiin in "worreda" waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu badan oo aan caadi ahayn iyo ifafaale. dhismayaasha titanium Experience weli loo isticmaalaa in codsiyada kale (685, 705, 945, 945A, iyo kuwa kale.) Markaasaa "ametustos" gantaal weli waa mid waxtar leh oo ku saabsan doonyaha "Skat" (dhisay hoos mashruuca 670).