Artist Vasily Polenov: Biography, hal-abuurka

qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii 19aad ahaa talinaysay ee rinjiyeynta Ruush. Mid ka mid ah wakiilada Galaxy ee fanaaniinta u fiican oo muddo this waa Vasily Polenov, kuwaas oo farshaxankiisa ka Garaaci xaqiiqo iyo damaca "in la siiyo farxad iyo farxad." erayada ugu danbeysay ee ka tirsan rinjiile oo ah hal ku dhiga ah ee shaqada iyo nolosha, sida laga arday Biography ee artist ee.

waalidiinta

The mustaqbalka artist caanka ah waxa uu ku dhashay ee dhaqanka iyo arrin qoys laandheere hodanka ah ee 1844. Aabbihiis, Dmitry Polenov, waxaa loo yaqaan aadmka ah isha iyo bibliographer. Hooyo, Maria A., nee Voeikova, bartay buugaagta rinjiyeynta iyo qoraalka ee carruurta. Waxay ahayd gabadhii Vera Nikolaevna libaaxyada in geerida hore ee waalidka uu ka dib oo waxaa kor loogu keenay guurka ee qoyska Derzhavin.

carruurnimada

Polenov Vasili Dmitrievich qaatay uu carruurnimada ee St. Petersburg, laakiin qoyskiisa inta badan in xagaaga in Territory Olonets iyo gobolka estate Olshanka Tambov ah, waxaa iska lahaa ayeeyo ee artist ee. Vera jeclaa farac jeclaadeen inay iyaga la sooro, isagoo u sheegay epics, halyeeyada iyo sheekooyinka. Waxa kale oo uu si wanaagsan u ogyahay gabayada Ruush iyo Yurub, sidaas darteed, waxay door weyn ka qaataan dhadhanka iyo farshaxanka ah ee yar yar Vasey ah. Sida asalka ah ee jacaylka rinjiyeynta, rinjiyeynta iyo carruurta la socotaba lug hooyaday. Waxay shaaca ka qaaday in xaaska ayaa soo kiraysteen kuwa ilaaliya waayo Basil iyo gabadhii ugu da'da yaraa Helen. Sida macallin, oo uu ku casuumay Chistyakov, kuwaas oo wakhtigaas uu bartay ee Academy of Fine Arts. Barbaro ah in ay this, wiilka galay dugsiga iyo muujiyeen qiiro aad u weyn barashada.

studentship

In 1863 Vasily Polenov qalin jebin dugsiga sare iyo, wada jir ah ula walaalkiisa ka yar Alex diiwaan University St. Petersburg ee Physics iyo Xisaabta kulliyadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, jacaylka waayo, rinjiyeynta ahaa hamiday xoog sayniska, iyo fiidkii ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa oo kaqayb-galay Academy of Arts. Intaa waxaa dheer, dhallinyarada Polenov ahayd jeclaan of music, ayuu waxa uu ahaa booqdaha joogto ah si uu guriga u opera iyo xitaa ku gabyeen in heesta ardayga Academy ah.

Si dhakhso ah, Ninkii dhallintayaraa ee qaatay nasasho ah jaamacadda iyo sooco oo uu waqti ay ku rinjiyeynta. In 1867 Vasily Polenov ka Academy of Arts qalin. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu helay bilad lacag ah sawir iyo sawiro.

Isla markiiba ka dib, ninkii dhallinyarada Jaamacadda ka soo noqday, laakiin awood u beddeleen, oo waxay bilaabeen inay wax ka barato sharciga.

Shirkii Repin

In 1869 Vasily Polenov lahaa weyn u jecel yihiin si aad u hesho biladda dahabka ah Academy of Arts ah. Si taas loo gaaro, waxaa la rinjiyeeyay "Job iyo saaxiibbadiis." Waxay heshay abaal marin yar, iyo xaq u leeyihiin inay sii wadaan inay ka qayb qaataan tartanka isaga siiyey. Hawsha New ahaa in la abuuro farshaxankiisa "Aruurin gabadheeda Yayros ee," iyo soo horjeeda ee artist dhallinyarada ahaa Ivan Repin.

Natiijada waxa ay aheyd kulanka aan la filayn, sayidyadooda labada burush la siiyo shaqo aad u fiican in xeerbeegtida abaal biladood oo dahab ah oo ay u ballaaran oo safar si Europe.

In 1872 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich Repin ugu horeysay u tageen inay Germany, ka dibna in Italy iyo in Paris. Caasimadda ah ee France waxaa sidaas kaabayaasha dhaqaale farshaxanka, inuu go'aansaday inuu halkaas joogo. In Paris, aad u caajis in ay qoraan rinjiyeynta ah "xiray ee Countess d'Etremon", taas oo, ka dib markii si Russia laabtay, kii ayaa loo horyaalka ee academician. talanti rinjiile ayaa mahad, iyo wakiillo ka socda qoyska boqortooyada. In 1876 waxaa loo magacaabay rinjiile maxkamadda iyo inay dagaal Ruush-Turkish, taas oo ahayd heer ah Tsesarevicha Aleksandra.

waqti Moscow

ka ah te'atradii ku soo laabtay dagaalka, Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich deganaa ee Moscow oo bilaabay barayay at School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta, Waa naqshad iyo Architecture. Waxaa, xertiisuna waa Levitan, Korovin, I. Ostroukhov, Arkhipov, E. Tadevosyan iyo Golovin.

Isla mar ahaantaana, artist isaga qudhiisa ayaa ku qoran, iyo in 1877 soo bandhigay uu shaqada "Moscow Yard" at bandhiga 6 th safarka ah. Sawirka ahaa guul leeyihiin min, iyo Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich loo aqoonsaday aasaasihii nooca cusub, by dhaleecayn loo yaqaan "muuqaalkii saaxiib".

Haddii ay dhacdo kale oo muhiim ah muddo Moscow nolosha artist ee ahaa go'aan uu in ay ku biiraan Wanderers, iyaga ka mid ah markii uu lahaa saaxiibo badan.

theme kitaabiga ah

Axdiga Hore iyo maadooyinka Christian ka soo gudbinaynaa bilaabo shuqullada Polenov. waxyoonay Helitaanka ee 1881-1882 sano artist ah u safray goobaha kitaabiga ah, ee Bariga Dhexe. Waxa uu soo booqday Constantinople, Suuriya, Falastiin iyo Masar. From artist safraya Polenov Vasily keenay Dakatu iyo Dakatu waayo, rinjiyeynta "Masiix oo dambiila ah" oo camal kale, qoraal hoos aragti ah waxa uu arkay. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay keeni in ay ku farxaan Pavla Tretyakova, kuwaas oo helay farshaxanka ee uu ururinta.

image of Masiix

In 1883kii, rinjiile iyo xaaskiisa uu aaday dalka Talyaaniga. Waxaa uu sii waday in ay ka shaqeeyaan rinjiyeynta "Masiix oo dambiila ah", kaas oo la soo bandhigay dadweynaha at bandhiga 15aad ee Wanderers ah. Shiraac abuuray kudhegaas ah, iyo damaca inuu isaga arko in uu museum, ayaa sheegay in Alexander Emperor ee III, kuwaas oo ka fadilay artist ah tan iyo markii dagaalka Ruush-Turkish.

In 1888 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich qoray kale rinjiyeynta caanka on theme kitaabiga ah - "On Tiberiyas gudubno (Gennesared)." On shiraac ah oo cusub, ayuu mar kale lagu taswiiray Masiix - nin la nooca bariga qofka iyo muuqaal u eg ka xikmadda ah, laakiin aan qofka xanuunka. Waxaa intaa dheer, muhiim ah "actor" sawirka ahaa dhul, rinji on Dakatu by artist ah laga sameeyey dabeecadda halka safraya ee Bariga Dhexe.

Nolosha Behovo

In 1890 Vasily Polenov, kuwaas oo Biography waa liis dheer oo guulo, go'aansaday inuu ka tago caasimada iyo guuraan gobolka Tula ah. Waxaa on bangiga of Oka ah, guri uu dhisay. Waayo, dhismaha ugu weyn ee lagu daray siminaaro ka dib, taas oo Polenov baray barbaro carruurta miyiga. rinjiile ku salaysan siiyey magaca estate Borok oo bilaabay in ay sameeyaan dadaal si loo hubiyo in ugu danbeyn galay Madxaf Qaran jeestay.

Vasily Polenov: "Golden Dayrta"

Noocyada xaafadaha Borok qalbiga artist ku guuleystay. Waxay ahaayeen mowduuca shaqada, taas oo ah 1890 hore u qoray Vasily Polenov. "Golden Dayrta" qaadataa meel gaar ah iyaga ka mid ah. On shiraac ah ayaa muujinaya bangiga of Oka ah, fringed la birches in decoration dhalaalaysa. rinjiyeynta waxaa muujiyey at museum-estate "Polenovo" (ee sidoodii hore "Borok") iyo qaylo ka fog ee Bbc hore, kaas oo qoray Vasily Polenov ( "baxda balli", "Old Mill", iwm).

Ka dib markii 1917

Ka dib markii Revolution October ee Polenov qaaday qayb firfircoon ee ururka oo ka tirsan kooxda riwaayadaha estate Borok ah oo la soo shaqeeyay dhalinyarada soo ridayeen ah.

Isla mar ahaantaana uu u qoray rinjiyeynta "Flood on Oka" ah, oo mid ka mid ah shuqullada wanaagsan ee xilliga qaan artist ee noqday.

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

In 1924, oo lagu sharfayo guuradii 80aad ee artist ee Tretyakov Gallery la abaabulay bandhig Solo shuqullada by Vasily Dmitrievich. Guud ahaan, dawladda Soviet ahaa wanaagsan in artist ka. Gaar ahaan, in 1926 rinjiile waxaa la guddoonsiiyey horyaalka ee Artist Dadka ee RSFSR ah. Inta badan, oo intaasu waxay ahayd sabab u ah inuu doonayo inuu Polenov iyo jid kasta oo si kor loogu qaado hawlaha samafalka waxbarashada dadweynaha xitaa waqti markii waxaas la sameeyey oo kaliya dhowr ah wakiilada intelligentsia Ruushka.

July 18, 1927 rinjiile dhintay. Farshaxankii waxaa lagu aasay on bangiyada of Oka ah, ayuu aasaasay guryaha ee xaafadda Borok.

"Polenovo"

In 1931, dawladda Soviet go'aansaday in la dhiso matxaf ee xaafadda Borok. Waxaa la baxshay in Polenovo, oo halkaas sii gudaha, taas oo ahayd nolosha artist ee. Waxaa jira si joogto ah la qabtaa dhacdooyin dhaqameed oo xiiso iyo farshaxankiisa muujiyay of rinjiile caanka ah.

Hadda waxaad ogaan dhacdooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee Biography ee V. Polenov iyo taariikhda qaar ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan xagga shuqullada, uu ka mid ah masterpieces farshaxanka Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad yihiin.