Art Space Ruush. Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov: Biography, qoraallada

Magaca falsafo Ruush Nikolai Fedorov ayaa muddo dheer ka soo dadweynaha qarsoon, laakiinse uma uu la illoobay, sababtoo ah fikradaha uu u waxyoonay saynisyahano u fiican sida Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky, Alexander Leonidovich Chizhevsky, Nikolay Aleksandrovich Naumov.

faylosuufiinta Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad iyo qeybtii hore ee Vladimir ku Solovyov 20, Nikolay Berdyaev, Pavel Florensky, Sergei Bulgakov iyo kuwa kale oo heer sare mahad fikrado Fedorov iyo Vladimir Nikolaevich Ilin in uu article "Nikolai Fedorov iyo St. Serafim Sarovsky" dhigeysa labadan qof marxalad caadi ah sida baad ah in ruuxa sare iyo quduusnimada runta ah Christian Nikolai Fedorovich.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

N. Fedorov Biography jira waxyaabo badan oo dhibco caddaan. Waxaan ma dhihi karo haddii uu guursaday, in carruurta lahaa. Waxaa la og yahay oo kaliya in uu ku dhashay Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov, May 26 (7 June) 1829. macluumaad shakhsiyeed oo aan la dhawray hooyadiis. Wuxuu ahaa wiilka sharci darrada ah ee Prince Pavel Ivanovich Gagarin. Sida aan sharci ahayn, mana Nikolay mana walaalkiis iyo saddexdii gabdhood oo walaalahood ah ayaa looma oggola inay ku andacoodaan horyaalka iyo magaca aabbihiis. Fedorov ahaa la'yihiin. Waxaa isaga ka magiciisiina wuxuu u helay. xaaladda noocan oo kale ah mar ay yihiin kuwo aan caadi ahayn, Nin sharaf leh a dhici karta in jacayl la gabar soo ridayeen a, laakiin furiinka iyo guurka in qof dumar ah oo ka mid ah fasalka hoose u diiday, mudnaanta badan sida laba qof oo is qaba iyo carruurtooda.

Sida magaca, ka dib markii diyaarad ka mid ah warbaahinta shisheeye Yuri Gagarin ajiibay dhacdadan in maqaal cinwaankiisu yahay "Laba Gagarin", oo tilmaamayo magaca dhabta ah Nikolai Fedorovich. Sergei Korolev ahaa in xafiiska uu Faylasuuf sawirka-cosmist iyo, dabcan, go'aan, mid ka mid ah guys first to diri meel, ma dooran karin calaamad wanaagsan.

Aabbaha, Prince Gagarin, kama aan qarin in uu amarkooda Petraeus ka walaalkiis - Konstantin Ivanovich Gagarin. Waxa uu ka qayb qaatay qaddar ee adeerka uu. Waxa uu in ka badan bixinta Nicholas waxbarashada qaaday. Macluumaad kale oo ku saabsan carruurta halkaas. Furayaasha tuulada Native (Gobolka Tambov, hadda - Gobolka Ryazan, Degmada Sasovsky) Nikolay tagay in ay gaaraan da'da dugsiga - inta uusan u dhaqaaqin Tambov, halkaas oo uu ka diiwaangashan dugsiga sare.

Richelieu Lyceum

Ka dib ka qalin dugsiga sare ee 1849, Fedorov u tageen inay Odessa. Waxaa uu ku qoran caanka Lyceum Richelieu ee Kuliyadda sharciga. Tani waa dugsi aad u qiimaha badan. Tan ugu muhiimsan, waxa ay ahayd meesha labaad ka dib markii caanka Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Sida laga soo xigtay ka kooban maadooyinka, tayada aqoonta iyo baray xeerarka uu ahaa, halkii, jaamacadda badan Lyceum. Barayay hogaaminayay Professor. Richelieu Lyceum The bartay carruur ah iyo qoysaskooda, Ruuxase ugu taajirsan. Nicholas waxaa bartay muddo saddex sano ah. Ka dib markii dhimasho adeerkiis, in lagu bixiyo waxbarashada uu, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa oo lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan dugsiga iyo bilaabaan nolosha madax banaan. ina sharci darrada ah, xataa ka fadilnaa talanti weyn iyo akhlaaq sare, ku tiirsanaan karin qabasho maaliyadeed ah dawladda in machadkan. Laakiin saddex sano oo waxbarasho ma ay micne lahayn. aqoonta asaasiga ah ee sayniska dabiiciga ah iyo bani'aadamnimada, helay dugsiga sare, in mustaqbalka ay tahay mid aad u faa'iido leh si ay u Faylasuuf mustaqbalka, calaamadsan bilowgii cosmism Ruush.

macalinka A iyo maktabad

In 1854, Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov guriga ku soo laabtay gobolka Tambov ah, helay shahaadada macallinka iyo jihada magaalada macalinka shaqada Lipetsk taariikhda iyo juqraafiga. Ilaa dhamaadka si demoqaraadiyad ah uu ku hawlanaa waxbaridda ee dugsiyada degmada gobolladiisa Tambov, Moscow, Yaroslavl iyo Tula. Laga soo bilaabo 1867 in 1869 wuxuu aaday inuu Moscow, halkaas oo uu siiyey casharo gaar ah si ay carruurta Michael.

In 1869, Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov ugu danbeyn u dhaqaaqay Moscow oo qaatay kaaliyaha maktabad ah Chertkov furan ugu horeeyay ee maktabada dadweynaha.

Fedorov u maleeyeen in maktabadda - taasi waa xarunta dhaqanka, kaas oo isu keena dadka aan la xiriira by xiriirka qoyska, laakiin dhow soo jiidashada in qiimaha ruuxiga ah - suugaanta, farshaxanka, sayniska. Waxay ahayd sharciga copyright ka gees ah ayaa si firfircoon uga dooday qaababka kala duwan ee exchange buugga.

Rumyantsev Museum iyo ardayda

In Chertkovsky Library Fedorov kulmay aabbihiis mustaqbalka ee astronautics - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Tsiolkovsky in Moscow yimid isagoo qasdigiisu yahay si ay u helaan waxbarasho ee Dugsiga Farsamada Sare (hadda Bauman), laakiin aan sameeyey iyo go'aansadeen in ay Tutor. Nikolai Fedorovich bedelay Professor uu jaamacad. In saddexda sano ee hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Fedorov Tsiolkovsky addoonsada physics, xiddigaha, chemistry, xisaabta sare, iyo D. ahayn illoobay wixii la mid ah., Iyo culuumta aadamaha, taas oo, sida dadka kale waxaa ka go'an in fiidkii.

Markii dhowr sano ka dib maktabadda waxaa ku lifaaqan Museum Rumyantsev ah, Fodorov N. F. dhigay liiska buuxa fund buugga midaysan. In ay waqtiga firaaqada ah, uu la soo shaqeeyay dhalinyarada. Mushaarkiisa suubban Nikolai Fedorovich qaatay ardayda, markuu noolaa, u hoggaansanaayeen dhaqaalaha adag ilaa xad in uusan isticmaalin gaadiidka dadweynaha oo meel walba ka tegey oo lugaynaya.

Nuxurka of cosmism aragtida ah

Nikolai Fedorov tixgeliyo dhalay cosmism Ruush. Philosopher, wuxuu ku dooday in ka dib markii furitaanka nidaamka Copernican heliocentric ee falsafada Dr Makumbe ahaa in dib looga fikiro fikradahooda ku saabsan si dunida. rajada Space hor Dadka hawlaha cusub dhigay. In erayadii Tsiolkovsky: "Earth - hoyga bini'aadnimada, laakiin ma aha had iyo jeer wuu noolaan sameeyey gogol!"

Waa in la ogaadaa in falsafadda ah sayniska Fedorov loogu tala galay sida fikir ku wareegsan. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, ha dhawaado ama ha keenaysaa in go'doon ka mawduuca daraasaddan iyo diidmada aqoon ujeedada. aqoon waa in la taageera by dhaqanka, iyo ujeedada si ay ugu adeegaan waxbarasho ee dabiiciga ah, ee nolol iyo geeri ay maamulka.

caalamka waxaa guuleysto in sida qadar yar gabagabo iska soo jeedisay: Ilaah wuxuu abuuray sida boos weyn gol leeyahay in lagu dhigo waxa ku jira dadka oo dhan bal yaa weligiis ku noolaa, iyo kuwa la dhasho mustaqbalka. Sidaas oo kale, waxa aanu kuu sharxi. Under saameynta ay sabab u this waxa uu ku dhashay Ruush Space Art Fedorov. Fiirsaneysa inay caalamka sida aag baaxad weyn, oo kaliya qayb ka mid ah cqaadir of taas oo ah Dadka, Faylasuuf lala this dheelitir la'aanta adaanaha la cilmiga Christian of sarakicidda. Abuuraha meel Free darbay gelinayn waxa on balaayiin dad ah kuwaas oo mar uun ku noolaa on Earth. More arrintan ku saabsan waxaa laga heli karaa ururinta shuqullada Nikolai Fedorovich, midoobeen magaca "falsafada ah ee Jidka caadi ah." Horumarinta ee ilbaxnimada aadanaha waa in lagu hagaajiyaa sahaminta ee meel bannaan oo dibadda ah, inuu ku soo laabto nolosha jidh ahaaneed ee dadka kuwaas oo ku noolaa ka hor iyo haatan lagu aasay. In xiriir this waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la abuuro a anshaxa cusub oo kuu ogolaanaya in qof kasta si ay ugu noolaadaan nabad ku wada noolaanshaha.

anshaxa cusub

Nikolai Fedorovich ahaa nin diimeed. Waxa uu ka qayb-galay nolosha iyo qiritaanka Kaniisadda, logu Soonka, qirashada joogto ah iyo wehelnimada. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, anshaxa cusub waa in lagu horumariyo ku salaysan cilmiga Christian of the Trinity Ilaah. Sida saddex nuxurka kala duwan ee Ilaah - Aabbaha, Wiilka iyo Ruuxa Quduuska ah, dhis falgalaan, iyo aadanaha ka qaybsamaana waa in la helo hab lagu wada noolaansho nabad ah. Ilaahnimadu Trinity - xaqiiqda biyo kama dhibcaan kala diridooda ku maskax bari ee shakhsiga ah ee bulshada iyo shaqsiyaddeenna Western.

aasaaska ugu wanaagsan ee loo dhisi karo xiriirrada cusub waa ecology. Daryeelidda waxbarasho nooca sharciyada iyo maamulka waa in ay aasaas u ah midaynta dadka ka soo jeeda jinsiyado kala duwan, xirfado iyo heerka waxbarashada. sayniska iyo diinta Ma badan ee caadiga ah. Madhabta Christian sarakicidda imaatinka dhintay waa in la sameeyaa si dhab ah by saynisyahano.

Sarakicidda kuwii dhintay

Waa maxay sarakicidda universal, sida ay Fedorov - waa soo kabashada iyo dib-u-samaynta ee dadka? Faylosuufiinta ayaa ku dooday in dhimashada wax shar ah oo dadka ay ku cirib. Qof kasta oo ku nool yahay dhimashada awowayaashiis, oo sidaas daraaddeed, waa dembi. Tani state of arrimaha u baahan in la saxo. Biilasha waa in lagu bixiyaa wakhtiga sarakicidda kuwii dhintay. Fikradda ka soo sarakicidda waa in ay ahaataa Hannaan xiriirinaya of saynisyahano adduunka oo dhan aawadood oo ah sababta caadi ah.

farsamo sarakicidda kuwii ku salaysan yahay sharciyada physics - jirka kasta jirka ka kooban yahay u taagoo iyo atamka, kuwaas oo soo socda lagu qabtaa in midkiinba midka kale u tamartaa ee soo jiidashada iyo repulsion. Dhammaan walxaha dhaadheer hirarka oo kale. ifafaale waa in la derso oo si xeeldheer loogu talagalay dib u soo celinta xaalka jireed, in uu yahay si ay u koraan dad la soo dhaafay adduunka ee wax nafleyda dhawray ama ururinta tamarta, kuwaas oo ka koobnaa nin, si uu wax uga di'i sidan. fursadaha Qiyaame waxaa laga yaabaa in ka badan, sida Fedorov soo jeediyay.

falsafadda ah nooc ka mid ah horumarinta ee bulshada ka mid ah waxbarashada ee xiriirka cusub ee u dhexeeya dadka. Maxaa yeelay Jannada ah - ma aha meel raaxaystaan, deggan nafihii kuwa xaqa ah, oo aan nabad ah aan la taaban karin ee maskaxda, u yimid inuu la eego xaqiiqada, in la beddelo oo uu leeyahay awood lahayn, oo ay dunida oo dhab ah jirka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u badalaan ama dadka loo baro si ay weligoodba kala qaybsamay ka tiirsanaanta .. cilladaha, oo loo yaqaan nacaybka, iyo xasad dartiis, bakhaylnimada, murugo, iyo kibirka, sanam caabudidda, iwm Sidoo kale waxaad u baahan tahay in sidaas la sameeyo in dadka ha la il daran ku meersan jirka, sida: xanuun, qabow, kulaylka, gaajo, iyo kuwa kale. Tani waa shaqo for saynisyahano, iyo wadaadada ah. Sayniska iyo diinta waa in ay midoobaan.

Nikolai Fedorovich rinji laba siyaabood ee suurtagal ah ee horumarinta ilbaxnimada aadanaha.

Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya ragga iyo dumarka

Nikolai Fyodorov ayaa bypassed dareenka iyo dhinacan xiriirka aadanaha. In dunida, in uu ra'yi, waa in nidaam ka mid ah dumarka iyo jacaylka jidhka. Relationships yihiin by dareen galmo. ficiladooda nijaasta More iyo naxariis aad u yar.

guurka waa in lagu dhisay on nooc ka mid ah Trinity Ilaahnimadu ay, markii Midowga - ma harqoodka, iyo shaqsi ee qofka ma aha sabab u ah muran. Jacaylka ragga iyo dumarka waa in ay eegaan sida jacaylka carruurta waalidkood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma loo oggol yahay, ma damaca keliya, laakiin sidoo kale ay soo horjeeda - qaribaadii sida aan la aqbali karin anaanimada dhameystiran, waxaana deeqsinada buuxda.

Imannin loo arko doonaa sida ottsetvorenie, ie abuurka ah ee dadka Caalamka ku cusub. Our ficiladooda nijaasta galmada - this baxsado dabiici ah ayaa dhimasho iyo dhalasho, in view this, - lid ku dhimanayaan. Love Aabbayaalkiinii horreeyey waa khaa'in cabsi uu dhintay u gaar ah oo loo beddelaa madadaalada ah awowayaasha.

Habka ugu horeysay ee laga sameeyay aadanaha aadi kartaa

Waxgaradka iyo saynisyahano oo dunida ku shaqeyn doonaan on recreating balliga hiddo aadanaha. Ciidamada qalabka sida aan mar dambe la shaqeeya doono dagaal, ujeedooyin vzaimoistreblyayuschih iyo waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa si ay uga hortagaan ciidamada aasaaska ah ee dabiiciga ah, ie, daadad, dhul gariir, buureedyada, dababka kaynta iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

Industry joogsan doonaa soosaarka alaabooyinka la odhan karaa waa alaabta lagu ciyaaro ee dadka waaweyn. wax soo saarka ugu weyn waxaa loo wareejin doonaa baadiyaha. Waxaa sidoo kale horumarin doontaa nolosha. Stepanov waa dadka magaalada ku samaynaysaa ah, waa u nugul jiritaanka a Dulin. Life in magaalooyinka iyaga u diidaa hadafka caafimaad, xadka, oo aan kaliya wax isdabamarin, laakiin loo naxo.

waxbarashada Universal - shuruud u ah dhaqangelinta qorshaha sarakicidda.

Maamulka Guud lagu qaban doonaa by Boqortooyada la xiriira dadka xiriirka aan la Kaysar iyo maadooyinka uu, iyo doonista artist Ilaah aawadiis universal wanaagsan.

hab kale

Nikolai Fyodorov soo jeediyay hab kale ee horumarinta ah ee ilbaxnimada aadanaha, taas oo noo keeni doontaa in uu gashado iyo sarakicidda kuwii dhintay, iyo in ay Qiyaame Dambe iyo jahannamada dabka ah. Ruush Space Art - fikradda dhab ah in uu leeyahay waxba kuma laha duni lkn of qorayaasha sheekooyin sayniska. Fedorov sawirka dunida u muuqataa cajiib ah la aamini karo, inkasta oo uu ku noolaa marxalad ka hor kacaankii sayniska iyo farsamada.

By Qiyaame Dambe ka dhigi doonaa in dareen la buunbuuniyey is-ilaalinta, kuwaas oo ay adkaan doonto in ka badan dareen caadi ah. Waxaa soo baxdo natiijo ahaan ka bixitaanka Ilaah, khasaaraha ka mid ah rumaysadka uu farsamo, doono, jacaylka iyo walaac dadka. Laga soo bilaabo hoos fasiraadda waa dareen qaldan dadka ammaanka bilaabi doonaan inay kiimikaysan synthesize cuntada. Damaca adkaan doonaa jacayl, muuqan doonaa guurka aan dabiici ahayn oo aan imannin. Xayawaanka iyo dhirta in ay khatar ku tahay caafimaadka, waa la wada dumin doonaa. Joojiyaan in ay soo saaraan diyaaradaha. Ugu dambayntii dadka midba midka kale ka baabbi'in doonaa. Ka dibna waxay u iman doontaa maalinta cadhada.

Waa wax cajiib ah in waxan oo dhan ayaa la qoray qarnigii XIX ah - Nikolai Fyodorov dhintay December 28, 1903.

Science, ka dhashay wax baridda Fedorova

Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov, iyagoo aan ogayn, waxyoonay Konstantina Tsiolkovskogo naftiisa sooco abuurka laan cusub ee sayniska iyo farsamada - sahaminta bannaan.

Amarka ka mid ah si dunida, la diyaariyey by Nikolai Fedorovich, guulaystay maskaxda badan ee saffarro uu. Taasi siiyey kor u qaada fikrad Fedorov sayniska sida meel bannaan oo geliobilogiya, aeroionifikatsiya, elektrogemodinamika iyo wixii la mid ah. Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano ku lug leh dhaxalka uu ka tagay "Moskovskiy Sokrat", sida lagu naanayso saaxiibo Fedorov iyo ardayda, dulinka calaamadsan oo dar dar geliyay horumarinta aqoonta universal qarniyo badan oo soo. Iyada oo ay fayl ku dhashay aragti cusub oo ku saabsan horumar ah ee aadanaha, sida habka firfircoon, soo saaray ayaa dadkii iyagoo, shaqaalaha on abuurista haboon ee noosphere ah.

Inta badan diiwaannada in sameeyey xertii Fodorov N. F. uu ka badbaaday. Nikolai Fedorovich lama hawlan daabaco fikirradiisiina wuu la. shuqulladiisa xajiyey arday badan. Nikolay Pavlovich Peterson iyo Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kozhevnikov ay habeeyay oo la daabacay 1906. Dhamaan nuqulo ah ayaa loo qaybiyey maktabadaha iyo free ka mid ah dadka xiiseynaya qaybiyey.

Inta lagu guda jiro nolosha Nikolai Fedorovich marnaba la sawiro oo uma oggolaanin inuu nafsaddiisa inuu sawiro. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Leonid Pasternak weli si qarsoodi ah u sameeyey mid ka mid ah sawirka. Waxaan ku rid bilowga this article.

gunaanad

In ka sano ee awoodda Soviet in USSR ah, marka warshadaha meel iyo sayniska ka dhigay tilmaamayaasha aad u muhiim ah oo Nikolai Fedorov lagu yaqaanay oo kaliya in ay goobo aad u cidhiidhi ah.

Madaxda sare ee xisbiga shuuciga ah ee cilmiga Midowga Soofiyeeti ee Fedorov gartay haday xidhan fikradda Christian caalamka oo dhan sida falka hal abuur maan rabbaaniga ah ee Trinity Quduuska ah - Aabbaha, Wiilka iyo Ruuxa Quduuska ah. Aragtidiisa diini ah si dunida waa u arkayo mabaadii'da aasaasiga ah ee xiriirka in ay si dunida ka mid ah bulshada Soviet, kaas oo loogu talagalay in lagu qanacsan mid ah waxyaabaha loo baahan yahay oo keliya. dhigyo ugu weyn ee hantiwadaagga: "From kasta - sidii tabartiisu ahayd, in kasta - sida shuqulkiisu yahay", iyo halku ugu weyn ee shuuciyiinta: ". From kasta - sidii tabartiisu ahayd, in kasta - sida uu sheegay baahida uu" Under shuruudaha loogu tala galay baahida Gaarna nafsaaniga ah, maxaa yeelay jiritaanka naf bulshada Soviet loo diiday, in kastoo fikradda ah waxbarista nin cusub, waxaa lagu soo amaahday isaga ka.

Currently, waxaan weli ka fog xilligii sarakicidda guud inkastoo sababo kala duwan - aragti macaamiisha si ay u nolol, oo meel fog ka soo Ilaah loo bedelay, laakiin guud ahaan soo maray ma aha mid aad isbedel badan.