Academician Glushko Valentin Petrovich - Designer Chief of nidaamka gantaal: Biography, qoyska, maamuusaan xasuusta

wax soo saarka ugu muhiimsan oo ugu caansan ee lagu gano ee Midowga Soofiyeeti in ay nolosha la yimid naqshadeeye guud, oo magiciisa la odhan taagan ee taariikhda, oo ay la socdaan ugu muhiimsan ee dalka. Waxaa Academician Glushko, kuwaas oo abuuray daraasiin matoorada diyaaradaha awood badan. Valentin Petrovich, inkastoo uu hiwaayadaha badan, waxa ugu muhiimsan ee uu noloshiisa lagu qeexaa sida ilmo.

laga bilaabo

Wuxuu ku dhashay mustaqbalka academician Glushko in Odessa ee 1908, iyo 1924 uu dugsiga xirfadda "Birta" magaca Trotsky ee ka qalin jabiyay. At shan iyo toban, inuu durba ku mashquul ah, kaas oo socday muddo sideed sano, waraaqo la Tsiolkovsky, isaga qudhiisa oo loo diray wiilka shuqulladiisa cusub oo dhan. ninkaas dhallinyarada cajiib ah weli ka fog isagoo da 'hore u daabacay articles ku saabsan sahaminta bannaan oo xiiso qoray buug ku saabsan dhibka dhiig-miirashada ee quraxda xidiga ah. In ka labaataneeyada ee qarnigii labaatanaad, markii diyaaradaha iyo aqlabiyadda ah ee dadka ma arag! In 1925 Glushko dhallinyarada u tageen inay Leningrad inay halkaas wax ka barato jaamacadda, waayo, aqoonta ay ahayd lagama maarmaan u ah xaqiijinta dhammaan riyooyinkooda.

Daraasad Complex of physics iyo xisaabta awood! Haa iyo dalka lahaa waqti adag - soo kabashada burburkii laga cabsado. Laakiin academician Glushko mustaqbalka ma ka dacwoodeen la'aanta ah ee lacagta, isagu ma uu ahaa baabuurta arday mashquulsanayeen, oo waxaa lagu hawlan shaqada sayniska. Gaajada, qabow, iyo inta kale ee amuur ka dhan ah asalka this in la welwelay yar. Oo sida xaqiiqada ah bixiyay: in 1933 Glushko Valentin Petrovich noqday madaxa waaxda machadka cilmi-gantaal, iyo saddex sano oo kale ka dib - naqshadeeye sare ee matoorada diyaarada.

Away indhaha prying ka

Tan iyo 1933 Diyaaradaha dareere abuuray by naqshadeeye cajiib ah, koraan tirada beddelka. Markaas ayaan ku dhashay caanka OPM-65 engine, kaas oo la qorsheeyay in lagu dhejiyaa on aerotorpedy sida hubka diyaaradaha iyo sidoo kale noocooda ah ee gantaalaha casriga ah - iyo diyaarado gantaal. In 1938, mustaqbalka academician Glushko waxa lagu qiyaasay in ay ka qiimo run.

Isaga oo qarsoon, ayaa cambaareeyay "waayo, curyaamin," sida oo dhan injineerada sare iyo samaynta ee dalka. Xukumay siddeed sannadood xeryaha iyo diray "in sharashka" in uu yahay CB u xiran yihiin si ay u qabtaan cilmi-baadhis dheeraad ah. First, in Tushino on warshad duulista № 82, kuna waari dhexdeeda Valentin Petrovich ayaa loogu talagalay gantaalo dhajinta on diyaaradaha. Dhab ahaantii sayniska gantaal, in qaabka saafi ah, waxaa aan weli la arkin sida wax faa'iido leh, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan wax kasta oo bedelay.

ka hor inta guusha

Glushko Valentin Petrovich la sii daayay 1944. Waxa uu si degdeg ah u qabtay oo ka mid ah oo khibrad leh, ama, ka wanaagsan in la yidhaahdo - Xafiiska design gaar ah Kazan, halkaas oo matoorrada gaar ah ayaa la horumariyo. In 1946, wuxuu ka mid ahaa kuwa wax ku bartay dalka Jarmalka, horumarinta Jarmalka ee degaanka gantaalaha ahaa.

halkaas ka soo laabtay fikrado cusub, Glushko ayaa ka shaqeeya ee la gediyay OKB-456 Warshadda diyaaradaha ee Khimki, halkaas oo sanadkii 1948 waxaa jiray koowaad ee RD-100 engine ee gantaal ah, ka dibna ka badan iyo toban kun ah oo ka mid ah noocyo kala duwan oo walxaha duulaya. Glushko Valentin Petrovich, kuwaas oo Biography waa gebi ahaanba la xiriira la matoorada diyaaradaha, waxaa markaas noqday hoggaamiyaha diidanayn in abuurkooda.

Merit

In 1974 wuxuu ka shaqeeya urur aad u cusub, madax Academician Glushko bilaabay, - "Energia", kaas oo ka mid ahaa OKB-456 ee OKB-1. Designer Guud beddeli Dabcan Aaminto isaga by shirkadda u xuub. Taasi waa sababta barnaamijka oo dhan Ruush bannaan, oo ay ku jiraan oo casri ah, qofkani waa waajib ku ah in qof kasta. Waxa uu ahaa kii loogu talagalay matoorada pride ee "East" - laga bilaabo duulimaad ugu horeysay meel ka hor dhismaha saldhigga falagiisuu. La'aanteed, meel guulihii our ay noqon lahaayeen kuwo ku kala duwan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in aanay waxba u noqon lahaa oo dhan.

Sidaa darteed waxaa la aasaasay taallo Odessa ee Valentin Glushko, on waddo aad u qurux badan, sidoo kale magaca nin "top-qarsoodi ah" loo yaqaan. Oo Cosmonauts Alley kale oo uu leeyahay taallo ee Moscow. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu qayb Fatherland lama overemphasized karo. Valentin Petrovich Glushko - Hero of Socialist Labour (labo jeer), waxa uu leeyahay shan Amarada of Lenin iyo Red Banner Shaqada iyo October Revolution, bilado badan. Isagu waa ku guuleystay of Lenin iyo State Abaal ee USSR.

Korolev

OKB-1 More la naqshadeeye fiican shaqeeyay takhasus weyn, taas oo uu ku helay in xafiiska on iyaga u gaar ah (qiyaaso sida maxbuus this qiimeeyeen, kaas oo u ogolaanaya in). Tani waxay dadka halyeeyga: Umansky, Zheltukhin, Sheet, gariiradda, Strakhovich, Zhiritsky iyo kuwo kale oo badan. In 1942, codsi ka yimid Chief Designer Glushko durba Kazan uu wareejiyo qofka ugu halyeeyga, kan ka guulaystay bannaan.

Glushko Valentin Petrovich iyo Korolev Sergey Pavlovich si wadajir ah loo horumariyo qalabka ugu military, kaas oo keenay guushii dalka. matoorada Gantaal ayaa lagu rakibay on PE-2, oo markiiba kor xawaaraha ahaa 180 km saacadiiba. Lagu tijaabiyey la Yak-3, La-7, Su-7. heerarka koritaanka ahaa cajiib ah - ilaa laba boqol oo kilomitir saacaddii. Sayidka, iyadoo la isticmaalayo engine a jet dareere ah ayaa bedelay technology gantaal qaddar aad.

Xiriirka maamulada

Stalin ka hor "la xoreeyey" Glushko iyo saaro xukun ee 1944. Laakiin nolosha design of go'aankan ayaa ficil ahaan waxba isma badalin. Waxa uu had iyo jeer, iyadoo aan loo eegin, oo doonniyihiina, wuxuu ahaa nin ka mid ah lagu tilmaamay iyo inta kale ee derbiga weyn ee shaqo hal abuur leh in loo baahan yahay iyo dalka oo u baahan qalbi iyo naf bay ku lifaaqan. Laakiin Glushko si habboon loo isticmaalo this tilmaam Stalin. Waxa uu ku wareejiyay hoggaamiyaha liiska soddon qof oo sidoo kale goor hore la sii daayay oo ka tago shaqada ee KB ah. Oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay ku dhacday. Inta badan dadkan ayaa u badan tuuri la Glushko weligiis.

Oo tan iyo 1945, ee la soo dhaafay u xukumay sanado badan dadka noqday madaxa waaxda in Kazan Aviation Machadka, halkaas oo uu ka soo shaqeeyay on matoorada diyaaradaha iyo diyaarinta caawiyeyaasha istaahila isaga iyo xafiiska for. More xiiso leh, shalay cambaareeyay gantaal ku barashada Germany "for curyaamin" sano iyo bar ah (1945-1947 sano), iyagoo safar ganacsi. Koob - sayniska gantaal Jarmal - naqshadeeye ah, dabcan, dhicin. Laakiin sidoo kale ku saabsan xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya awoodda iyo socda hal abuur leh kiiskan, sidoo kale, waxaan ku idhi wax badan. Iyada oo Stalin ee Glushko wuxuu kaloo lahaa afar kulan gaar ah muddo dheer, kaas oo looga hadlay gantaal qoyska. Hogaamiyaha ayaa la weydiiyay su'aalo smart, caqli, aqoon.

bannaan

In 1953 Glushko waxaa loo doortay in ay Academy of Sciences, xubin ka mid ah oo u dhiganta, iyo 1957, oo aan difaacaneysa sha a HAC isaga abaal doctorate ah. Waa markii in ay ku riday riyooyinkooda carruurta. Valentin Petrovich horumariyo barnaamijka ballaaran ee la duuliyo saldhigyada orbital, xataa degsiimooyinka dayaxa, iyadoo uu gacanta iftiin u muuqday pride isticmaali karo. Waxa uu si dhab ah shaqeeyeen horumarinta Venus iyo Mars, duulimaad ay ku astiriyoodhada qorsheeyay.

Oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah riyooyinkiisii, pronesonnyh dhex bixitaankii nolosha oo dhan. Daah-of satellite the first to kastana falagiisuu dhex caalamka ayaa riixay dalka horumarinta deg deg ah oo gantaal ah. Fariinta Earth waxay bilaabeen inay taageeraan saldhigga orbital "Mir", "salaama" by pride duuliyo "Soyuz" iyo Markabka gaadiidka "Progress", kaas oo la horumariyo Valentin Petrovich Glushko. Laakiin kuwa badan oo aan la ilaa iyo haatan waa rumoobay.

moon

Glushko hogaaminayo horumarinta saldhigga dayaxa, kaas oo noqon lahaa si joogto ah waxaa jiray dadka. shaqo murug "qarsoon top" uma uu oggolaan in dadweynaha si loo dhiiri fikrad this, oo sidaas daraaddeed, marka ka dib markii furayey guuleysan barnaamijka Labiyo ka H-1 ayaa la xidhay, qofna murugoon doonaa laakiin madax naqshadeeye. Iyo xataa kulli wixii weyn oo ay u dhacday, ma isaga fududayn karin ilaa iyo dhamaadka. Oo ay noqon doontaa? In ka badan konton beddelka matoorada dareere ah, kuwaas oo hadda lagu codsatay in ay toddoba iyo toban daydo of space iyo gantaalaha military. Waxay ahayd under uu hoggaanka gantaallo matoorada bilaabay saldhigga si toos ah ugu Mars, Venus iyo Dayaxa, waxay sidoo kale ku rakiban pride ka duuliyo "Soyuz" iyo "East", iyo inta aan dabiici ahayn moon iyo satalayt rido falagiisuu ay caawimaad!

pride A "Buraan", horumariyo hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Glushko ah, spaceship si fudud qaaday diyaaradda kasoo muuqday qalabka ugu dambeeyay ee kulaylka-gaashaamashada, ka xisaabinta computer gelin tobanaan kun oo sawiro, iyo engine ah, ayaa maanta ugu awooda badan - RD-170, Glushko ilmaha, liito innaba, oo siyaabo badan oo ka xoogbadan, xataa "Shuttle"! Qalabka wuxuu u yahay run ahaantii ay jariiradu! Laakiin ... ma Bloom dhirta tufaaxa on Mars, ma ku dayaxa raad kuwan raadkaygay our. Ha sugin Valentine Petrovich. In 1989, uu u dhintay, oo magiciisiina wuxuu International ah sumalka uguma Midowga magacaabay bohol ah dhinaca la arki karo of Moon ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in kaliya hal iyo vlok habeenkii iyada riyada badnaa weyn oo firfircoon si ay u.

haweenka

Haweenka ayaa sidoo kale aad u jeclaan of Glushko Valentin Petrovich. Qoyska si ka fog oo keliya, wuxuu ahaa, in kasta oo ay "sirta", marna waxaa dheer in "sharashkas" ka baxsan iyo shaqada. Marka ugu horeysay uu guursaday ee sagaal iyo toban, halka arday ee jaamacadda Leningrad. Baabuurta ayaa isagu kuma uu jirin mashquulsanayeen, laakiin markii ay ahayd gaar ahaan kuwa gaajaysan, dayactir madow yar ee guryaha, halkaas oo uu ka helay gabadh hore Odessa Susanna Georgievskaya, qoraa mustaqbal. Maxaa ka dhacay inta u dhaxaysa laba ka, sababta ay u furay, wax qarsoon ku hadhay. Laakiin xaaladaha waa la yaab leh. Valentin ayaa ku dhaawacmay by qori. Ayaa sheegay in sababta - maaraysay si taxadar la'aan. Raacay by furriin.

Waxaa jira qof dumar ah oo cusub in ay guursadaan oo isagu ma uu samayn - Tamara Sarkisov. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gabadhii Eugene lahaa waqti ay dhalan. Xiray Glushko Tamara ahaa cabsi oo uu diidnay oo dhan xiriirka. Sidaa darteed, marka ay fursad u kacay, Glushko ma aysan soo laaban - ma fududa. In Germany, oo wuxuu lahaa oo macallin ka ah oo la odhan jiray Magda iyo carruurta ku dhashay - Yuri iyo Elena. Markaas waa in ay leeyihiin wax kale, oo ku saabsan waxa taariikhda aamusan. nin Glushko ahaa mid aad u xiiso badan oo innaba nabadu jirin, oo HALO hanad isaga kor unbearably iftiimisay. Laakiin sannadkii 1959, markii naqshadeeye wuxuu ahaa konton-ka mid ah inuu naftiisa u muuqday Lydia Naryshkin, gabadh ka mid ah siddeed iyo toban, kuwaas oo ka shaqeeyay in uu CB "Energomash" in Khimki, kaasoo uu kula noolaa haray siddeed iyo labaatan sannadood, soo bixiyey wiil fiican.