Yuu yahay Academician ah? xubin buuxda oo ka Academy ee. darajo tacliimeed

Inta badan marka ay akhrinayaan Biography ee tiradaasi cilmi ah, ama marka ay timaado sayniska ee guud, waxaa jira jahwareer leh darajo tacliimeed iyo booska. Tusaale ahaan, waa kan academician ah? darajo ama Taas? Waxa aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso in loogu yeedho ah academician?

The tacliinta ugu horeysay

In dalka waxaa ka buuxa dugsiyada, loo yaqaan "tacliinta sare". Sidee laga yaabaa kuwa waxaa jira si ay u bartaan oo wax bari doonaa, - run ahaantii tacliinta?

No, dabcan. The ardayda ugu horeeyay ee Academy waxay ahaayeen xertii Plato. Way maqleen inuu mentor Asheeraah qoraxdu, halkaas oo, sida ay legend, oo waxaa lagu aasay Academ ee geesiga reer Ateenay ah. Taasi waa sababta ay u yimaadeen in loogu yeedho by tacliinta iyo dugsiga la aasaasay by Plato - akadeemiga.

In pre-kacaan Russia dhammaan ardayda tacliinta sare iyo tacliinta loo yaqaan. Laakiin markaas xaaladda bedelay. Abuuray a miiska of saf ah loo ogol yahay in loo qoondeeyo waxbarashada gaarka ah rag & dumar ah aqoonyahaniinta. A ardayda casriga ah ee Academy in ay sameeyaan la tacliinta ee la soo dhaafay iyo hadiyad ma yihiin. Sida meelo kale, kuwaas oo dadka dhallinyarada ah waxaa lagu magacaabaa by ardayda, kuwaas oo macalin macallimiinta ee Dugsiga tacliinta sare. Oo yaa ku academician run ah?

Bologna iyo nidaamka qaran ee qiimeynta

Ka hor inta dhexgalin kaymaha tacliimeed, bal aynu eegno for qeexidda dhabta ah ee waa waxa horyaalka waxbarasho. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa loo bixiyey miisaanka isreebreebka sayniska, jidaynayey saynisyahano in lagu kala saaro siday u kala mudnaan iyo guulihii sayniska. In dunida of science used Ingiriiska nidaamka of kala duwan, oo waxay qeexeysaa uniform shuruudaha. Waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Bologna ah, iyo dal kasta, kaas oo ku biiray hannaanka Bologna, waa in uu abaabulo horyaal waxbarasho iyo iyaga geeyo waafaqsan heerarka la aqbalay. Iyadoo qayb ka ah nidaamka British ah, waxaa jira saddex digrii laan kasta oo aqoon. Waxay kala yihiin:

• BA (laysan);
• Master;
• PhD.

guur-The ku hawlan yihiin afarta sano jaamacadaha, sayidyadooda - lix sano. Si aad u hesho Ph.D. ah, waa inay u diyaariyaan iyo ilaalinta shaqada sayniska.

Falsafadda halkan micnaheedu ma aha magac la mid ah ee anshaxa, iyo Lewis sayniska "guud ahaan". Isla mar ahaantaa, waxaa jira dhakhaatiir ah daawo, sharciga, fiqiga, iyo wixii la mid ah. Nidaamka Qaran ee xilsaarayo isreebreebka billaabay in cilmi-German nidaamka model. In dalka, darajo tacliimeed waxaa sida caadiga ah u qaybiyey sida soo socota:

• qalin,
• PhD,
• PhD.

Degree of musharax ee cilmiga la siiyo ku saleysan go'aanka Golaha ay PhD-ka. doctorate A waxaa laga heli karaa codsi ee Golaha ka mid ah. Go'aankan ayaa la qaatay kaliya ee Guddiga Ogeysiin Sare. Waqtigan xaadirka ah in dalkeena uu leeyahay nidaam isku dhafan: Nidaamka isreebreebka qayb cusub ayaa la soo bandhigay, iyo meelo qaar ka mid ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo duug ah. Waxaa lagu baranayay nidaamka shahaadada qoyska ka jawaabi kartaa su'aasha ah, waa kan academician ah.

aqoonyahano Halkee - ma tacliinta?

In dalalka kale, title this waxaa la siiyaa sababo aad u kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, Academy British ah ee Sciences la aasaasay 1901. xubno ka mid ah ku dhowaad 800 saynisyahano u dhashay gudahood Commonwealth Ingiriiska. oo dhan waxay xaq u leeyihiin in loogu yeedho by tacliinta.

Laakiin mar walba saamayn weyn ku saabsan horumarinta sayniska ee dalkan waxa uu Society Royal ee London. Magac ahaan, waxaa dhigaya ohyahay oo dhan cilmi ugu caansan sayniska. Seynisyahanno kuwaas oo ku biiri ururka, heli horyaalka of Member of Society Royal ah. Oo in kastoo iyagu ma ay wici aqoonyahano, laakiin riyaaqay kalsooni ugu sareeya ee ka mid ah dhammaan dugsiyada sayniska dunida ee.

Academy of Sciences

In si ay u xoojiyaan horumarka sayniska iyo daahfurtay in dalal badan oo waa Academy of Sciences. Ujeeddada ugu weyn waxay xubnihiisa - si loo kobciyo sayniska qaranka iyo dunida la ikhtiraac cusub iyo waxay Been Abuuran. In dalka falalka Academy Ruushka of Sciences (Ras). xubin buuxda oo ka Academy ee - muwaadin u dhashay Ruushka, taas oo uu leeyahay waayo-aragnimo cilmiyaysan in mid ka mid ah meelaha sayniska casriga ah.

Dalalka kale - aqoonyahano kale

Academy of Sciences iyo waxaa laga heli karaa dalalka kale ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore. Waxaa jira National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ee Academy of Sciences Jamhuuriyadda Kazakhstan iyo qaar badan oo kale. Academician of Academy Qaranka ee Sayniska waa in dalka xuquuqda iyo mudnaanta la mid ah sida academician ah Academy Ruush ee Sciences. Seynisyahanno ka yimid dalalka kale ayaa sidoo kale ka qayb geli kara shaqada of Ruush Academy of Sciences. Markaas ayaa la bixiyaa xaaladda gaar ah - xubnaha baahisey Dibadda.

Yaa noqon kara academician ah?

shaqo ayaa ka mid ah Academy of Sciences qayb ka mid ah xubnaha ka buuxa iyo xubnaha baahisey qaadan kartaa. Farqiga u dhexeeya kuwa kale oo ka kooban oo ka mid ah kuwa soo socda:

• horyaalka waxbarasho ee "xubin Wariyaha" aado yahannada ka qayb qaadan kartaa shaqada oo ka mid ah Academy of Sciences, ma ka faa'iidaysanaya galladaha ay xubno ka buuxa;
• horyaalka ee xubnaha ka ah Academy of Sciences heli kartaa xubno ka mid ah heerka ugu sareeya, kuwaas oo shaqadoodu saamayn qiyaano on horumarinta sayniska ee dalka. Waxaa la qoondeeyey in xubnaha jira ee Academy, iyadoo faa'iido ah 2/3 codadka.

Xulka hadda si loo ogaado jawaabta su'aashan ah, waa kan academician ah, oo kaliya la xidhiidhi karaa xubnaha dhabta ah ee ka Academy of Sciences. Inta kale ee saynisyahano ah u leeyihiin in ay la jirka kuwa horyaal in ay yihiin saamiyeed si ay mudnaanta ay leeyihiin sayniska ee dalka noqon.

Sidaas, aad u hesho darajo, oo keliya oo la odhan karaa academician ah kuwa ku kordhiyeen muhiim ah in horumarinta shaqada cilmi ah. Horyaalka nolosha academician siiyo iyo xataa hawlgabka ee cilmiga qadariyo ka dib weli soo wici doonaa "aqoonyahanno".

Raas Halabuurka Modern

Mid kasta oo naga mid ah oo raba in ay ka jawaabaan su'aasha ah - waa kuwa academician ah, kaliya qiyaasi ninka xigmadda leh oo sannado sare. Tirada aqoonyahano da'da la mid ah ayaa si joogto ah sii kordhaysa, iyo waxaa la go'aamiyay in la xadido da'da ugu yar ee dhammaan codsadayaasha khamiiska tacliimeed ee dhamaadka 2016. Sayidka, a dhiganta musharax xubin waa in aanay noqon ka weyn yahay 51, iyo aqoonyahano codbixinta da'da xaddidan 61 sano.

Currently, oo qayb ka ah Raas account academician 522. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid yihiin aasaasayaasha dugsiyada ay sayniska u gaar ah, aqoonyahano badan ayaa weli ku hawlan hawlaha baridda iyo cilmi-baarista.