Xiddigaha Luminosity. fasalada luminosity xiddigaha

Astaamaha u gaarka ah ee Falag buu noqon karaan kuwo lagu wareero. xiddigaha keliya ayaa magnitude muuqata buuxda, luminosity iyo xuduudaheedu kale. Iyadoo tan dambe ayaa waxaan isku dayi doonaa si ay u fahmaan. Waa maxay luminosity ee xiddigtii? Ma leedahay wax la sameeyo iyada oo ay aragti ah oo cirka habeenkii? Waa maxay luminosity ee The Sun?

xiddigaha Nature

Stars - a jidhadhka samada aad u weyn in dhaadheer iftiinka. Waxaa loo sameeyay ka gaasas iyo boodhka ka dhasha riixo gravitational. Inside star waa xudunta u ah cufan, halkaas oo dareen diidmo nuclear dhacaan. Waxay gacan ka siyasad xiddigaha. The sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee spectrum iftiinka waa size, gloss, luminosity, qaab-dhismeedka gudaha. All argument kuwaas oo ku xiran tahay baaxada leh xiddigta iyo Halabuurka kiimikada gaar ah.

The "naqshadeeye" muhiimsan ee jirkooda waa kuwan helium iyo hydrogen. The qaraabo tirada yar iyaga la jira waxaa laga yaabaa in carbon, ogsijiin iyo biraha (manganese, Silicon, birta). Qadarka ugu weyn ee hydrogen iyo helium in xiddigaha dhallinyarada ah, waqti Joogaba, ay hoos u, taas oo waddada u xubno kale.

Stars ee gobollada gudaha xaaladda ay tahay mid aad u "kulul". Heerkulka iyaga ku kor gaadhaa ilaa dhowr million degrees Kelvin. Waxaa jira dareen diidmo oo joogto ah, taas oo hydrogen waxaa beddelay helium. On dusha sare, heerkulka aad uga yar iyo gaadho ilaa dhowr kun oo darajo Kelvin kaliya.

Waa maxay luminosity ee xiddigtii?

reactions Thermonuclear gudaha xiddigaha Ulasocto warshadu hawada ee tamarta. Luminosity waxaa lagu magacaabaa tiro la taaban karo in ay ka tarjumaysaa sida ay u badan tamarta u soo saara jidhka ka samadu muddo.

Waxaa inta badan khaldin oo xuduudaheedu kale, sida nuurka xiddigaha samada habeenkii. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nuurka, ama magnitude Muuqda - oo ku saabsan caan ah in aan la qiyaasi karin. Waxaa in badan sabab u fog iftiinka ka soo Dhulka iyo sharaxayaa sida kaliya ee si wanaagsan u Xiddigahana waxaa la arki karo oo cirka jooga. Tirada yar ee qiimaha this, iftiimiyo muuqata ka sii weyn.

Taas bedelkeeda waxa ay u, luminosity xiddigaha - taasi waa dhimaya hadaf leh. Waa kuma xirna meesha observer ah. Waxaa xiddigaha caan ah oo qeexaya awoodda tamarta ay. Waxay kala duwanaan karaan in xilliyada kala duwan ee horumar jirka kuwa samadu.

Close si luminosity ah, laakiin ma isku mid, waa waadaxa magnitude. Waxaa loola jeedaa in dhalaalka nuurka waa la arki karo in observer u fogaan ah 10 parsecs, ama 32,62 sano iftiin. Sida caadiga ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo xisaabiyo luminosity xiddigaha.

Determination of luminosity

Caddadka tamar taas oo soo bandhigtay jidhka Falag buu la go'aamiyo in watts (W), joules per labaad (J / s) ama in ergs waayo, mid labaad (älle / s). Waxaa jira dhowr siyaabood oo si aad u hesho doorasho la doonayo.

Waxaa si fudud xisaabiyaa L ka formula = 0,4 (Ma D), haddii la doonayo in la ogaado qiimaha buuxda xiddigta. Sayidka, L warqad Latin waxaa loo qoondeeyey luminosity, xarafka M - waa baaxadda buuxda, iyo Ma - qiimaha waadaxa ah ee The Sun (4.83 Ma).

Hab kale oo ku lug leedahay aqoon fiican u ak tirsan ka. Haddii aan ogaan gacan ka (R) iyo heerkulka _(ef T ) Oo ay dusha sare, luminosity u la go'aamin karaa by L caanaha = 4pR ² St ⁴ _ef. Latin s kiiskan ka dhigan tahay a tiro jirka deggan - Stefan-Boltzmann joogto ah.

luminosity ee Sun uu yahay 3,839 x October ²⁶ watts. Wixii xog iyo Hufnaan, saynisyahano inta badan is barbar luminosity jidhka dibadda la qiimaha this. Sidaas darteed, waxaa jira walxaha in kumanaan ama malaayiin jeer taagta daran ama xoog qorraxda ka badan.

fasalada luminosity xiddigaha

Wixii la barbardhigo xiddigii a, cilmiga felegga ee ay isticmaalaan kala saaro kala duwan. Waxay kala qaybsan yihiin oo ku spectra, size, heerkulka, iwm Laakiin inta badan dhan, waayo, sawir dhamaystiran ee isticmaalka sifooyinka kala duwan.

Waxaa jira kala soocidda Harvard dhexe ku salaysan spectra ah, taas oo shanqarta iftiinka. Waxa uu isticmaalaa xarfaha, mid kasta oo u dhiganta midab warshadu hawada gaar ah (buluug-O, B - caddaan iyo buluug, A - White, iwm).

Stars ee spectrum waxay leeyihiin waxaa laga yaabaa in luminosity kala duwan. Sidaa darteed, saynisyahano Yerkes yeelatay soocidda ah in la tixgelinayo dhimaya this. Waxay la wadaago ay luminosity ku saleysan qiyamka buuxda. Xaaladdan oo kale, nooc kasta oo star waxaa lagu tiriyaa leh ma aha oo kaliya kala duwan ee waraaqaha, lambarada, mas'uul ka ah luminosity. Sidaas darteed, in la sii daayo,

• hypergiants (0);
• supergiants ifka (IA +);
• supergiants dhalaalaya (IA);
• supergiants caadiga ah (Ib);
• Rafaa dhalaalaya (II);
• Kooxda caadiga ah (III);
• subgiants (IV);
• dhsan xigxiga ugu muhiimsan (V);
• subdwarfs (VI);
• dhsan cad (VII);

luminosity The ka weyn, qiime hoose ee qiimaha buuxda. At kooxda iyo supergiants, waxaa la tilmaamay iyadoo calaamad laga jaray a.

Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya qiimaha buuxda, kala duwan heerkulka, xiddigaha luminosity muujiso Hertzsprung - Russell. waxaa dib ansixiyay in 1910. Chart mideeya Harvard iyo Yerkes kala soocidda, iyo wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad in la baaro iyo in ka badan guud sooco nuurka.

Farqiga in luminance

Stars oo xuduudaheedu yihiin heer sare ah kuna xiran midba midka kale. On luminosity ee xiddigtii by heerkulka iyo mass saameeyeen. Oo iyana waxay ku xiran Halabuurka kiimikada xiddigta yihiin. mass Star weynaataa, yar waxyaalaha culus (ka badan hydrogen iyo helium culus).

Waxay leeyihiin supergiants mass iyo hypergiants sare oo aad u ballaaran. Waxay yihiin xiddigaha ugu awooda badan oo ifka in caalamka oo dhan, laakiin waqti isku mid ah, oo dhif ah. Dhsan, by la barbardhigo, waxay leeyihiin tiro yar oo luminosity, laakiin warsan oo ku saabsan 90% ka mid ah xiddigaha oo dhan.

Xiddigii ugu weyn, kaas oo la og yahay maanta, waa hypergiants buluug R136a1. Its luminosity waa weyn oo qorraxda ka sii 8.7 million jeer. Xiddiga variable in koox ka Cygnus (P Swan ah) ka badan luminosity ee The Sun 630 000 jeer, iyo S Doradus waxaa ka badan u dhimaya nabadgelyada this waa 500 000 jeer. Mid ka mid ah xiddiga ugu yar la garanayo 2MASS J0523-1403 ayaa luminosity ee 0,00126 qorraxda.