Warshadood oo keentay in Omsk iyo gobolka Omsk ah: taariikhda iyo casriga

Geedaha Omsk iyo gobolka Omsk ka ciyaaraan door muhiim ah ka dhaqaalaha Ruush. Meesha istaraatiijiga ah ee wadnaha ee dalka u ogolaanaya shirkadaha maxalliga ah in la dhiso iskaashi ganacsi la soobax iyo u Dhaeba. Gobolka waxaa loo yaqaan for warshadaha diyaaradaha, dhismaha mashiinka, metallurgy, difaaca iyo warshadaha elektarooniga ah.

horumarinta pre-kacaan

Ilaa qarnigii 19aad gayiga ee wax soo saarka warshada Omsk qarkiisa ka maqan, taas oo u isticmaali lahayd ee mashiinada iyo matoorada uumi. Dhismaha waddada tareenka ee 1890 bedelay xaaladda: oo ku saabsan w / line a on bangiga bidix ee Irtysh warshad wax looxa iyo qarsoodiga ah dahaadhida. Si dhakhso ah u dhow saldhiga oo wuxuu dhisay dhagax leben-qaadashada ah.

Kaliya ee 1893 waxaa jiray warshad ugu horeysay ee Omsk, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa engine a farsamo. Ka hor inta kacaanka, wax soo saarka ugu weyn waxay ahayd warshad plugostroitelny (hadda Iskujir Kuibyshev Plant.).

The Qorshaha Shanta-Sano horeysay

dirir Civil ka dib markii kacaanka keentay in ganaax ah ee wax soo saarka. Kaliya la aasaaso awood Soviet ee 1919, wax soo saarka waxay bilaabeen inay soo kabsadaan. Gaar ahaan, dhirta metalworking Omsk: farsamo, "Energy" warshad "Red falaa" (ka hor kacaankii warshad Randrup) 1aad - waxaa lagu daray ururka "Metallotrest".

In 20 bartamihii shirkadda ugu weyn ee gobolka waa Warshadda Siberian of mishiinada beeraha, taas oo tirada ka badan 500 oo shaqaale ah. In 1938, SNK ay go'aansatay in ay dhisaan warshad taayirrada Omsk, taas oo weli waa kibirka gobolka. Isla muddadaas waxaa lagu taagay warshad xadhig iyo shirkii gaari.

SOFHURA

Bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ka qayb qaatay horumarka qarxa ee warshadaha ee gobolka. In 1941-1942, Omsk qaaday in ka badan boqol shirkadaha waaweyn iyo kuwo yaryar daadgureeyay ka hor iska. Tiirarka waaxda difaaca bilaabay saddex goobood oo wax soo saarka:

• Omsk Plant. Kuibyshev, associate la geedka №20 Commissariat Duulista Warshadaha. Waxay soo saartaa rasaas, oo ay ku jiraan qaybaha for gantaallo.
• Leningrad Plant. Voroshilov №174. waxaa On wada ururiyey halyeeyga T-34 abaabulay.
• Saddex warshad diyaaradaha Moscow (ka dib mideysan shirkada aerospace "Flight") bilaabay wax soo saarka ee Tu-2 iyo Yak-9.

In guga ee 1942 ee Omsk lagu wareejiyay goobaha wax soo saarka shirkadaha badan ee warshadaha caafimaadka, iftiinka iyo cuntada.

horumarinta guudahaan

Iyadoo dhamaadka colaad tirada ugu badan ee wax soo saarka ayaa weli ku jira magaalada, taas oo loo ogol yahay gobolka Omsk ah si ay u noqdaan mid ka mid ah xarumaha warshadaha ee USSR ugu horeeysa. In 50-kii sano ee qarnigii labaatanaad, liiska dhirta ee Omsk ayaa buuxsameen warshadii ugu weyn qoyska. Its dhismaha bilaabay bishii November 1949, wax soo saarka ugu horeysay helay sanadkii 09.05.1955. At warshad sifeeysa Omsk fuliyay saarka shidaalka, saliidda kulaylinta, naaftada iyo alaabooyinka kale ee kiimikada.

1959 wuxuu noqday sannaddii dhalashada ee warshadda particulate in Omsk (hadda Carbon Black Plant). In 1960, saarin Rafaa kale kiimikada ka - ganacsiga wax soo saarka ee caag synthetic. caag hore waxaa helay, ee 24/10/1962 iyo 05/15/1963, wax soo saarka ganacsiga ee butadiene. Sidoo kale 60 ka bilowday warshadaha waaweyn qalabka gaaska, ogsijiin iyo injineernimada kale.

Muddo sannad-aad 80 ee gobolka Omsk ah, beeraha, kiimikada iyo mashiinka-dhismaha kaxeynayo ugu horumaray. Waxay tiriyaa 70% aagga guud ahaan wax soo saarka warshadaha. Ugu muhiimsan ee ku jiray warshad ogaansho particulate iyo difaaca shirkadaha Omsk, ka mid ah taas oo u taagan soo baxay for "Flight."

In Zaman ee xiriirka suuqa

90s waxaa lagu gartaa hoos u dhac ah ku dhowaad laba kol in dhaqaalaha gobolka. Gaar ahaan saameeyey injineernimada. Tusaale ahaan, sannadkii 1995 Indvandrerrådgivningen awoodda dhirta isticmaalka celcelis ahaan kama badna 40%. On lid ku ah, waxay muujiyeen xasilooni ah mabsuud ka Omsk Warshadani. Waxa uu ahaa oo weli qeybiye keentay gudaha shidaalka Ruush.

Liiska dhirta ee Omsk iyo gobolka Omsk ah, kuwaas oo kaalin ugu weyn ee miisaaniyadda gobolka:

• "OmskEnergo" (qaybta korontada);
• "Sibneft - Omsk Oil Warshadani" (shidaalka);
• "Omskshina" (kiimiko);
• "Rosar" (cuntada);
• warshad hilibka "Omsk" (cuntada);
• "Omsktehuglerod" (kiimiko);
• Gaadiidka Machine-Building Plant (engineering);
• TF "Omsk" (cuntada);
• ACCI "OSHA" (cuntada);
• "Matador Omskshina" (kiimiko).

By 2015, qaybta ugu horeeysa ee dhaqaalaha maxalliga ah ayaa weli ka baaraandegidda warshadaha. Omsk Warshadani waa mugga labaad ee processing ee dunida (ilaa 29 million. Ton oo saliid ah sanadkiiba) iyo ugu teknoolajiyada sare ee dalka.

Saamiga "Omskshina" tiriyaa 20% ka mid ah taayirada soo saaray Russia. Taayirada Brand "Matador Omskshina" iyo "Matador" in dalabka suuqyada gudaha iyo dibadda. carbon warshad madow - mid ka mid ah kiimikada Ruush ugu horeeysa.

koritaanka heshiisyada difaaca ka qayb qaatay horumarinta qaybaha injineerinka Omsk in industry difaaca. Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Instrumentation ayaa qeyb ka ah "Oriyon" kooxda ayaa noqday, "Omsktransmash" wareejiyo "Uralvagonzavod", iyaga Difaaca. Baranov galay qaab-dhismeedka marawaxadaha SPC Gas "salaama", "Polyot" bedelay ka ganacsi madax bannaan laanta of Khrunichev. Khrunichev. ka mid noqoshada ee dhirta, kuwaas oo in tirada weyn oo ku filan inuu helaan maalgelinta dawladda.