Waa maxay pear Bergamot ama liinta?

The ugu caansan "dadka" Miraha yihiin pear, tufaax iyo khudaar. miro pear in baahida weyn ee Giriigii hore. Tan iyo markaas, waqti badan ayaa soo maray, laakiin waxa uu weli jecel yahay by dadka da'da ah oo dhan. Ku'saabsan - geed miro ah ee qoyska Rosaceae. Warshad Tani waxay leedahay tiro ka mid ah nooc hoosaad, kuwaas oo aan macquul ahayn u qaybsan fasalka hore, dhexe iyo Bisaylkiisa goor dambe. The ugu caansan waa "bergamot".

Qaar badan, dabcan, waxay jecel yihiin in aad cabto shaah la dhadhamin bergamot, laakiin qof kasta oo aan og yahay waxa bergamot a - pear ama liinta.

story

Bergamot iska leh qoyska Rutaceae. asalka ah ee midhahan leedahay taariikh dheer. In dabiiciga ah, waxa ay ku koraa, iyo qofka aan dabiici ahayn noqday, by gudbaya liin iyo orange qadhaadh.

Magaca, kaas oo sort of isteroberi - "bergamot" - waxa uu leeyahay laba nooc oo asal ahaan. Sida laga soo xigtay ugu horeysay ee, dhirta ah qalaad ka South-East Asia ayaa loo magacaabay ka dib markii magaalada Talyaaniga ee Bergamo, taas oo uu leeyahay uu xoqayaa ugu horeysay ee Europe. Sida laga soo xigtay version labaad ee ereyga "bergamot" ee af Turkish ka dhigan tahay "mister pear" maxaa yeelay, midho ka muuqday iyo qaabka pear ah. More caan ka badan version ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah liinta horyaal sheekada.

Ku'saabsan "bergamot": description

Magaca "bergamot" waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in magacyada mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee isteroberi, kuwaas oo kaymo ee Europe.

Kala duwan Tani waa mid aad u baahsan, waxaa la koray Europe oo dhan. Plant kulaylka-jecel, sidaas midhaha ugu fiican oo xaaladaha fareen berrin bannaan.

Inta badan, geedo bergamot waxaa laga heli karaa xagga koonfureed oo reer Italy, ku saabsan 40% of kala duwan pear in Europe waa in dalka this. kaalinta labaad - 20% - on beerista of bergamot qaadataa Spain. Kaalinta Sedaxaad - France.

In Russia, abuuray iyo kaymo noocyo badan oo kala duwan pear in ay yihiin adkaysi u cimilada qabow, laakiin nooca "Bergamot" ma aha oo caan ah. Xataa in times Soofiyeeti kala duwan loo qaybiyey ku xiran tahay meesha of beerto, in gobollada galbeedka waxaa inta badan koray cultivar "bergamot Polish", laakiin waxa aanu u dulqaadan gaadiidka, gobollada dhexe - "Red", taas oo ah mid aad u dulqaad oo kala duwan heerkulka, ee gobollada koonfurta - "bergamot Dayrta".

"Bergamot" (pear) waa wax caadi ah oo dhan noocyo ka mid ah Calaamooyinkiisa:

• geed gaadho height ah 10 m,
• miraha leeyihiin qaab a fekrado;
• laamaha daboolay, qodxantiina waa muddo dheer, haddaba
• dhirta guga gudubyadaas daruur ubaxyo la urta udgoon;
• miraha ka dayrta in ay goor hore jiilaalka,
• wax soo saarka sare.

Kala duwan waa mid aad u fastidious: geedo u baahan waraabinta joogto ah.

Features

"Bergamot" (pear) - Class ka kooban geedo midho yar simay soo koobay, kuwaas oo ka kooban xaddi badan oo walxaha waxtar leh - Arbutin isagoo awood u leh inay joojiyaan bararka iyo ka hortagga horumarinta cuduro badan oo khatar ah.

iyo

Noocan ah baaraha waa mid waxtar leh oo loogu talagalay dadka qaba cudurada xubnaha nidaamka Fistula. Glorogenovaya acid, taasoo keentay galay midhaha si fiican u saameeyaa on beerka iyo kaadi haysta, bile iyo dhirfinaya soo qaxeen ee slag jidhka ka.

midho waxay leedahay dhanaan iyo qadhaadh dhadhan sidaas ma acidic sida in of liin ah laakiin ka badan bambeelmo sii qadhaadh. Sababta oo ah dhadhan in cuntada aan la isticmaalo.

noocyada

"Bergamot" (pear) waa koray intii wakhti dheer ah, iyo breeders keeneen noocyo badan, cimilada ku haboon ee meel gaar ah. kaliya jajab yar oo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa la koray ee Russia:

• xawaashka,
• dayrta;
• Summer cas,
• Volzhsky.

Grade "dayrta Bergamot", waxaa la sameeyay iyada oo sababtu tahay doorashada iyo kuwa ugu caansan. Inta badan, noocyada this waxaa laga helaa haadka dhexe. Tree xooggan, ayaa wax taaj oo dhif ah obratnopiramidalnuyu, laamo ku yaalaan xagal ba'an jirrid, caleemaha - elongated, iyadoo aan wadno geesaha.

noocyo midhaha "Fall" macnaheedu size kala duwan yihiin wax yar flat, foomka soo koobay. Geedo waaweyn oo midho u dhali 7 sano. Wax-soosaarkooda ay yar tahay. jidhka waa cad yahay, waxay leedahay dhadhan khamri-macaan ah caraf udgoon u itaal darnaayeen. Kala duwan Tani waa qaybiyey Maraykanka Baltic iyo Russia.

The darrada foomka ka mid ah: geedo waaweyn oo midho gabanaysa hooseeyo cabsan kul hoose iyo inta badan waa jiran.

Geedaha kala duwan "Clary Bergamot" kala duwan caleenta cufan, ilaa 8 m, qaab goobaabin la laamaha qaro weyn. kala duwan waxay leedahay dhalidda sare ah, xilli waxaad goosataan karaa hal geed ilaa 300 kg. saxarka ee midhaha waa nasoo iyo leedahay dhadhan wacan yahay.

Ku'saabsan "Bergamot Moscow"

Cultivar waxaa la rijeynaya ee Moscow State Academy ah. K. Timiryazev. Wood noocan ah, ayaa wax yar taaj oo kale ah.

Fruiting dhacdaa 4 sano. Miraha huruud ah-cagaaran, caddaalad ah oo waaweyn. jidhku waa nasoo iyo cufan, oo leh dhadhan dhanaan-macaan. Koriinkedu qaadataa meel September. Iyadoo mid ka mid ah geed aad u qaadan kartaa ilaa 20 kg ee dalagga.

kala duwan waxa uu leeyahay:

• caabiga sare barafoobay,
• muddo ubax dheer;
• taaj is haysta geedka,
• miraha size waaweyn - miisaan timaado in 150 g;
• adkaysi u qolof iyo qudhmay oo midho.

khasaare ugu weyn ee kala duwan: sannadihii qalalan ama marka uu jiro miraha waraabka ku filan waa macaan iyo dhanaan.