Waa maxay OLEDs?

Iyada oo ay ka imanayaan beesha caalamka in ay fikradda ah horumar waara, kaas oo ku lug leedahay Greening ee warshadaha oo dhan iyo wacyigelinta deegaanka kordhay badeecada macaamilka, kaas oo ay leeyihiin naqshada "organic", waxaa ka mid ah dan weyn iyo baahida loo qabo. Oo OLEDs ahaayeen marka laga reebo ma jiro. xal farsamada cusub iyo waxyaabaha cusub ee had iyo jeer soo jiitaan dareenka ah "sare" isticmaala, si uu ula socdo jeer ah. Waa maxay - OLEDs, maxay yihiin mabaadi'da shaqadooda iyo rajada? Tani waa mawduuc ee qodobkan.

qayb ka mid ah taariikhda jeelyihiin

guryaha Electroluminescent qalabka organic helay in 1950 by jirka Faransiis Andre Bernanoz. Laakiin kaliya 1987 daahfurka heleen xal farsamada ee-qalab OLED ugu horeysay soo saaray by "Kodak". Iyo sanadkii 2000, kaliya seddex farmashiye - A. MacDiarmid iyo H. Shirakawa iyo A. Heeger - ayaa la gudonsiiyey abaalmarinta Nobel Prize ee daahfurtay in uu berrinkii polymers organic tonkoprovodyaschih. Kaliya ee 2008, tegey on sale shirkaddii ugu horreysay ee OLED-laambad OSRAM, oo waxaa loo sameeyey nuqul oo kaliya 25 at qiimaha a of 25 kun euros. Maanta, iyo laambadahoodii yaryaraa waxay bixiyaan tiro ka mid ah shirkadaha qiimo 500 euros, waxaana jira meelo dhowr ah oo ka-technology OLED: PHOLED, TOLED, FOLED iyo dad kale oo la fahmi karo oo kaliya in ay ku takhasusay.

Halkee organic?

Qaab daran oo ku filan, laakiin isticmaalka ereyga "organic" macnaha halkan waxa uu leeyahay la xidhiidha wax soo saarka ee xoolaha ama asal ahaan khudradda lahayn. OLEDs ama OLED (ka Ingiriisi Organic Light emitting Diode), - Semiconductor ah ee wax carbon oo abuuraa shucaaca marka la kaadinayo therethrough koronto la dhigtay. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda alaabta ee kimistari organic (xeryahooda carbon), kaas oo u ogolaanaya iyaga loogu yeedhi Kokes organic ay.

The qalab iyo halabuurka

Qalabka wuxuu ka kooban yahay afar qaybood: saldhig, anode ah, cathode ah, iyo radiating lakabka tabinta. salka ama substrate waxaa laga yaabaa in galaas, caag ama macdan ah tumeen. anode waa xabagta indium ah doped la daasadda. lakabka tabinta iyo layers saaro waa polymers, miisaanka kelli xeryahooda organic hooseeyo. cathode waxaa laga sameeyey aluminium, calcium, ama biraha kale.

technology ma u shaqeeya physicists

dioska- light-emitting Organic diyaarin on mabda'a ah ee rooti ah. Dhowr lakab khafiif ah ee semiconductors organic soo galaysa electrodes raznozaryazhennymi (togan iyo kuwa taban). Oo waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa ku salaysan wax hufan - galaas ama caag ah (tus, polyimide dabacsan). hadda Marka mara electrodes ah, waxay qayb ka (electrons iyo quasiparticles) foomka soo oogay. Celcelis ahaan, lakabka organic qayb ka yihiin iyo in la abuuro excitation tamar sare, kaas oo keena in hawada iftiin ah midabo kala duwan ee lakabka organic. AMOLED sidaas yihiin si hufan dhaadheer ama fosforetsentnye layers organic.

Noocyada imaado shaxda dioska- iftiin saaro organic

OLED-soo bandhigay nooca furta u qaybsan yahay firfircoon-furta oo dadban-furta. qalabka dhuuban-filimka Active-furta waxaa ay gacanta ku transistors field-saamayn, oo waxay ku yaalaan hoos-bireed anode ah. The image dadban-furta ahbaa barta isgoyska sala diyaarin anode iyo cathode strips, halka ay gacanta waxaa lagu fuliyaa la soo wareegi jiray dibadda. Muuqaalkani, waxaa jira saddex qorsheyaasha midabka OLED-qaab:

• Iyada oo emitters midab oo kala duwan - saddex furta organic dhaadheer saddex midabada aasaasiga ah (buluug, cagaar iyo guduud) oo ka kaas oo image ah waxaa la aasaasay.
• Iyada oo saddex emitters cad iyo filtarrada midab gaar ah.
• emitters Blue diinta hirarka at wavelengths of cas iyo cagaar.

codsiga casri ah

In waqtigeena, OLED-technology waxaa loo isticmaalaa inta badan ee horumar uzkospetsializovannyh. Holography iyo aragtida habeenkii qalabka, idaacadaha qaab organic iyo kamaradaha digital, screens telefoonada iyo nalalka, telefishinada iyo kormeerayaasha - waxan oo dhan waa xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee OLED-technology.

Nolosha adeeg ka mid ah OLED-qalabka

All qalabka casriga ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo technology this, ha dhawaado ama ha dhalaalka midabka gubanayo Cad. Xitaa furitaanka waxaa la ogaadey OLEDs warshadu hawada dabacsanaan. hawlgalka Resource qalab maanta waxaa loo arkaa ficil ahaan la xiray markii dhalaalka shaashadda hoos u dhigay 50%. Operation waxaa joojiyey index ah la siiyo ee ku saabsan 70%. Laakiin shirkadaha maalgashiga horumarka tiknolojiyada kuwanu waa natiijada dhala - inta badan macaamiisha la beddelo qalabka duugoobay xitaa ka hor waxaa haboon in ay u dhow dhammaadka nolosha waa.

ugu fiican ee ugu fiican

guddiga ugu weyn la dioska- light-emitting organic waayo, maanta - waa wax soo saarka ee mashruuc si wadajir ah shirkadaha OSRAM, Philips, Novaled, Fraunhoter IPMS. size Panel - 33 33 cm, qayb firfircoon ee aagga - 828 sq. cm, iyo ratio aperture ah - 76%. Marka Nuurkii 1 kun oo candelas halkii mitir ee ka daadanayo light of Qurub of 25 lumens halkii watt. maanta la iibin lahaa, guddiga shirkadda ugu weyn Lumiotec leeyahay size a of 15 by 15 sentimitir oo dheecaan iska Ifto Yuuna 60 lumens halkii watt, oo waa loo siman yahay si guluubka fudud dhaadheer. A Panasonic Corporation 2020 qorsheeyneeyso inay galeen bandhigay OLED suuqa la dheecaan iska Ifto Yuuna of 128 lumens halkii watt. Tan iyo tartankii shirkad American Doe, kaas oo ballan qaaday guddiga la socodka heerka ilaa 170 lumens halkii watt.

Rajada laga qabo OLED-darfaha

Inta badan lagu daydo jira waa prototypes maanta. Waxay qaali yihiin, waa sameeyey yaalla kooban, hana laabin, iyo weli ma ku filan wax ku ool ah. shirkadaha waaweyn diiradda saari doontaa dhimista kharashka mashruuca, kordhinta baaxadda iyo horumarinta wax soo saarka. Khubarada la saadaaliyo ah ee mass ee alaabta la qiimaha la awoodi karo oo ku saabsan suuqa dunida sannadka 2020.

OLED-iftiiminta

OLEDs in la huriyo weli suuqa ku bilaw. wax soo saarka Mass of alaabta this ayaa weli ma bilaabay shirkad kasta. Qiimaha laambadood oo kale weli waa mid qaali ah ee macaamilka caadiga ah, iyo dhalaalka iyo nolosha batteriga waa miskiin. Isbeddelkaas ayaa 75 bilyan oo doolar suuqa dunida, taas oo ah saamiga OLED-nalalka - qadar yar oo ah halkii. Macaamiisha alaabta kuwanu ma dadka dabiiciga ah, iyo shirkadaha kale ee ku hawlan yihiin in design ah ee alaabta guriga iyo dhismaha, iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha warshadaha baabuurta.

Faa'iidada iyo faa'iido darrada

In OLEDs, waxaa jira faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha. Waxaa ka mid ah marka hore kama taagna in ay isticmaalka awood u hooseeya iyo qaybinta direyska iftiinka ee guud ahaan guddiga, oolnimada sare, saaxiibnimo ah deegaanka iyo Nuur jilicsan. Laakiin faa'iido ugu weyn - waa fursad inaan iyaga siiyo dabacsanaan iyo khiyaano. khasaaro A waa dioska- adeegga dabacsanaan, dhibaatooyinka qaali ah iyo farsamada (component organic waxaa oxidized on xiriir la biyaha, taas oo u baahan quwad dheeraad ah). Laakiin shirkadaha sii wadaan in ay maal-gashadaan horumarka teknoolajiyada kuwaas, maxaa yeelay, waxaa iyaga ku dhex mustaqbalka ee korantada.

Ma Eco-friendly

The OLED-qalabka aadan ku jira biraha culus iyo xubno sun ah sida mercury. Waxay si fudud baaraandego oo aan u baahnayn lacag gaar ah oo awood processing dheeraad ah oo lagu qubo. Iridium OLED laambadihii phosphorescent waa non-sun ah, iyo lacagta waa mid aad u yar. Gaadiidka khafiif ah oo iftiin OLED-darfaha u baahan tahay khayraadka yar, oo kharashkooda la dhimi, iyo yaraynaysaa load ku on deegaanka. Tusaale ahaan, a monitor TV OLED-dadab 55 inches ayaa dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 4 mm, iyo culeyskiisu ku saabsan 5.4 kiiloogaraam.

Fantasy noqdo xaqiiqada

In kasta oo shaki ka mid ah khubarada qaar ka mid ah, inta badan ayaa aaminsan in OLED-technology noqon doontaa horumar degdeg ah a waaweyn ee qarniga 21aad. mashaariicda Fantastic noqday mid dhab, kuwaas oo:

• Waa teknoolajiyada kuwaas oo abuuri doonaa ma milaratigooda, iyo ilaa xad macquul ah sawir saddex-geesood ah.
• Nalalka meel kasta bedelo OLED-laambadihii.
• Muuqan milicsiga hufan.
• Inuu hubiyo qalab dabacsan geli karaan in aad jeebka.
• Cajiib monitor khafiifa leh tayo midabka sare iyo xagasha ballaaran arkaysid yeelan doontaa jawaab dagdag ah, size ugu yar iyo dhinacyada.
• Isticmaalka farsamada warshadaha difaaca guud ahaan waa mid cajiib ah.
• Laakiin dharka iska Ifto Yuuna hore u muuqday in uu uruuriyaa naqshadeeye.

Laakiin ma waxaa joojiyo - dhiga ee culimada iyo xirfadleyaasha. sayniska casriga ah ayaa muddo dheer barta bifurcation marka laga helay wax ka leexin kara horumarinta ilbaxnimada jihada a gebi ahaanba aan la saadaalin karin. Tusaalooyinka daahfurtay in sida ugu badato: this biibiile vacuum buuxnaanta oo Krasnikova iyo xataa furitaanka oo ka mid ah xeryahooda organic in meel bannaan oo qoto dheer. Maanta hormuudkii qalabaka elektarooniga ah - OLEDs, iyo berri - yaa garanaya?