Waa maxay isuga nuclear?

falcelinta thermonuclear - a reaction nuclear dhexeeya nuclei iftiin dal heerkulka aad u sarreeya (ka weyn tahay 108 K). Sayidka xaddi weyn oo tamarta ee foomka of neutrons tamar sare iyo photons tilmaame - Qurub iftiinka.

heerkulka sare, iyo nuclei tamarta awgeed waaweyn oo isku loo baahan yahay in ay ka gudbaan caqabad ku electrostatic. ooday Tani waxaa sababa repulsion labada dhinac ah nuclei (sida Qurub sida-eedeeyay). Haddii kale, ma ay awoodi doonaan in ay helaan meel u dhow meel fog ku filan ciidamada nuclear (taas oo ku saabsan 10-12 cm).

falcelinta thermonuclear waa formation of nuclei kuwaas oo si adag ku xidhay in midba midka kale, ee debecsan. Ku dhawaad dareen diidmo oo dhammu waa dareen diidmo ah isuga (isuga) nuclei fududee ee culus.

tamarta ogeed looga baahan yahay in ay ka gudbaan repulsion ee labada dhinac in la sii kordhay kordha dacwadii nuclear. Sidaas daraaddeed ugu fudud maraa isuga ee nuclei iftiin isagoo lacag koronto yar.

In dabiiciga ah, dareen-celin isuga ku dhici karaa oo kaliya in ay gudaha xiddigaha. Waayo, hirgelintiisana ay ku hoos jira xaalad tan kuwa dhulkuna waa in la kululeeyo walax la mid ka mid ah siyaabaha suurtogalka ah:

• qarax nuclear,
• dogob daran qayb duqeymo;
• garaaca wadnaha laser awood ama dheecaan gaaska.

reaction Thermonuclear, taas oo ah in gudaha xiddigaha, kaalin muhiim in horumar ah ee caalamka. Waa midda koowaade, ka nuclei hydrogen in xiddigaha loo sameeyay xubno ka kiimikada mustaqbalka, iyo marka labaad, xiddiga il tamar ah.

falcelinta thermonuclear ee The Sun

On qorraxda sida ilaha tamarta hoose taag wareegga reaction proton-proton markii afar protons dhashay mid ka mid ah halyeeyada ah helium. tamarta kaas oo la sii daayay inta lagu guda jiro ereygu wuxuu, waa la kaxaystay by sameynta nuclei, neutron, neutrinos iyo quanta shucaac electromagnetic. neutrinos Waxbarasho ka imaanaya durdur qorraxda, saynisyahano go'aan ka gaari kara nooca iyo jawaab nuclear intesnivnost ka dhaca ay xarunta.

Xaddiga celceliska tamarta qorraxda by heerarka dunida waa mid laga samri - 2 keliya älle / s * g (1 garaam of mass qoraxda). Qiimaha Tani waa uga yar yahay electrowinning xawaaraha ee vivo inta lagu guda jiro shiid caadiga ah. Kaliya sabab u weyn miisaanka of The Sun (1033 g * 2) Awoodda total radiated iyaga by waa qiime wayn 4 * 1028 watts.

Sababo la baaxadda weyn iyo mass dhibaatada qorraxda iyo xiddigaha kale, iyo haynta plasma waxaa lagu xalin in ningax u kaamerada fiican yihiin: dareen diidmo ka dhaca xudunta u kulul, iyo kala iibsiga kulaylka kaaga dusha qabow. Just si xiddigaha soo saari kartaa tamartaba si waxtar leh ee sida hab si tartiib ah, sida wareegga proton-proton ah. In xaaladaha jidhadhka dhulka, dareen diidmo oo kale ma aha macquul ah.

tamarta isuga - saleysan mustaqbalka

On dhulkeenna, waxa macno si aad u dalbato oo ay isticmaalaan oo kaliya reactions isuga ugu waxtarka badan - gaar ahaan ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee helium iyo tritium Leiter nuclei. Dareen-celinta noocan oo kale ah in miisaan weyn yihiin macquul ah ilaa hadda oo kaliya in qarax imtixaanka bambooyin hydrogen ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si joogto ah la sameeyay oo dhan horumar cusub si ay si wax ku ool soo saaro awoodda si nabad ah. awoodda nuclear caadiga ah isticmaalaan reaction hallaabay, sida in ereygu tamarta thermonuclear lug ah. In reaction isuga this leeyahay tiro ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka badan falcelinta ee fission nuclear.

1. Marka falcelinta isuga waxaa suuragal ay tahay inay iska ilaali ee shucaaca sida wax soo saarka tamarta ah kiiskan waa "nadiif" tamarta iftiinka.

2. By tirada geedi socodka thermonuclear tamarta helay fog iskhexgalida reaction nuclear caadiga ah, kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo in tigoodu casriga ah.

3. Si ay u joogteeyaan falcelinta ee fission nuclear, waxay u baahan tahay la socodka joogtada ah ee aan istaagayn neutron ah, ama in la raaco waxaa laga yaabaa in ay la fal-celin silsilad caasiyoobay, halis ku ah aadanaha. Waayo, tamarta isuga isticmaalo halkii ka daadanayo heerkulka sare neutron ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee halista sida baaba'aan.

4. Shidaalka reactions thermonuclear harmlessly, sida ka soo horjeeda kala daatay soo saarka shidaalka ee nuclear tigoodu.

dheer ma si ka hor, cilmibaadhe oo Maraykan ah ay awoodaan si ay u abuuraan model ah oo shaqo cadaanyo thermonuclear taas oo wax soo saarka tamarta ee boqol jeer ee tamarta. Waa codsi u fiican sii guul "xakameeynta" tamarta isuga.