Shirweynaha Lyubechesky amiirrada: shuruud iyo natiijooyinka

None of state European Dr Makumbe in ay marxaladda horumarinta maray qaybsanaanta dhulgoosadka. Meel, ayuu si cadaalad ah si deg deg ah (sida in England) ayaa ka adkaaday, iyo meel ee hay'adaha siyaasadeed ee gobolka ahaayeen madax-bannaan oo ku filan ku dhow in qarnigii labaatanaad (sida kiiska ee Germany iyo Italy ahaa). Umana uu tudhin masiirka iyo Dr Makumbe rus. Faahfaahin Period awoodda princely iyo fatxi ee qabiilooyinka Slavic Eastern siiyey si ay Zaman ee u qaybin Baakadaha dhulka u dhexeeya wakiilada Dhal qoyska princely.

DULUCDA Lyubecheskogo Congress

Waxaa laga yaabaa in, horseed ugu horeysay wakhtigan waa in la tixgeliyaa sida Vladimir Svyatoslavich walaalkiis Yaropolk dagaalamaan. Tani waxay dhacdo of dhammaadkii qarnigii X ahaa iska hor imaad ugu horeeyay ee u dhexeeya wiilashii dhintay amiir ee carshiga Kiev. Markaas burburkii Kievan rus 'dowlad ahaan hal joojin kari lahaa. Sure ku filan, xeerarka iyo ina Vladimira Velikogo, Prince Yaroslav Mudry. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu dhintay ka dib, ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii line, iyo aad u badan iska cad waxa uu noqonayaa geedi socodka of burbur of Kievan rus galay xer xeran oo kala duwan. Isagoo ka hadlayay ku saabsan sababaha habkan waa in la sameeyaa oo keliya ma ay tirada dhaxla iman kara, isagoo sheegtay carshiga, laakiin sidoo kale sababo dhaqan-dhaqaale. Sayidka, ogolaanshaha iyo koritaanka xiriirka dhulgoosadka ayaa keentay in loo xoojin lahaa gobollada. beerashada ma ka qayb horumarinta ganacsiga iyo xoojinta xiriirka u dhexeeya dhulal ah. boyars Local muddo waxa ay noqotay macaash badan si aan u ilaaliyaan of Kiev amiirka, oo ay degaanka. factor muhiim ah sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa koritaanka magaalooyinka waaweyn - Chernihiv, Galich, Polotsk, Smolensk, Suzdal. By dhammaadkii qarnigii XI, Russia waxaa loo kala qaybiyey xer xeran amiirradii Local, weligiis ku murmeen dhexdooda ku Jahaaday xoog, dhulka iyo amar. Waxyaabaha kale, saamaynta taban ee dagaalka sokeeye oo kharribma midoobaan cadowga caadi qabiilooyinka reer guuraaga ah deel ee Badda Madow ah. isku day ugu horeysay ee ay u xaliyaan dhibaatada this iyo inay dhexdooda heshiiyaan noqday kulan Lyubechesky amiirrada ee 1097. Its magaca waxuu, dhab ahaantii, meelaha kulan - magaalada on Ljubech Dnieper in gobolka casriga ah Chernihiv.

Shirweynaha Lyubechesky amiirrada

Senior mar ina dhintay ee 1093, Svyatopolk II Izyaslavovich amiirka, ayaa awoodi waayay in ay la qabsadaan oo diriru la sii kordhaya. Dhamaan waxa la yidhi cutubka hore ayaa soo gaartay xilli ay Perigee. At hindisaha ah oo dheeraad ah oo awood leh ka dibna rus Prince Vladimir Monomakh oo lagu soo shiriyey Lyubechesky Congress of amiirradii Ruush ee 1097. Ujeedada ugu weyn ee kulan oo intaasu waxay ahayd xakamaynta of dirir dhiigyacabka ah iyo heshiisyo gaar ah oo u dhexeeya amiirradii. Sida ka dhashay Wadahadalo Lyubechesky kulan amiirrada keentay in go'aan muhiim wakhtigaas: "taliye kasta oo haya uu aabbaha". Sidaas darteed, hadda ma aha weyn Kiev oo amiir u ahaa suzerain, kuwaas oo lahaa xaq u leedahay in ay midoobaan ushiisii dhammaan dalalka oo Ruush hoos, laakiin xeer hoosaad mabda'a ah in amiir kasta oo dhulgoosadka ku leeyahay amar buuxa ee ay madax u gaar ah oo u gudbiya by dhaxalka. Lyubechesky Princes Congress oon loo xaliyo khilaaf u dhexeeya Princes. Laakiin waqti isku mid ah go'aankan ayaa keentay in bibaabo ee kala qaybsanaanta. Lyubechesky kulan amiirrada macno riixay Russia ee qeybtii hore ee qarnigii XII si ansixinta kama danbaysta ah ee madaxbannaanida dhulgoosadka gobollada.