Raagay Category. On waxa sabab u qaybsan yihiin qaybaha oo khamri ah? Qoondaynta raagay by qaybaha tayo leh

Sida ay sheegay in qadiimiga Rome, In veritas vino, oo waa wax aan macquul aheyn in aan la heshiin. Indeed, inkastoo guulaha ee technology iyo beerista of noocyo cusub oo ah canab, khamriga weli mid ka mid ah cabitaanka ugu daacad ah. Dadka sahlaya karaan brand si fiican u yaqaan, laakiin si been abuur ah dhadhanka, ur iyo midab aan macquul aheyn. Iyo sida ugu badan 1000 sano ka hor, khamri tayo leh waa inay awoodaan inay Sagna luqad xataa ninkii dhawr eray.

Dad badan oo waxay noqon doontaa yaabay oo waxaad ku tidhaahdaa, "Khamri leeyahay oo khamri ah", laakiin waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la dhexgalin arrinta, oo waxa uu noqonayaa mid cad sida kala duwan oo dunida ka mid ah cabniinka.

3 xaqiiqooyinka saamaynta on taariikhda

1. Markii ugu horeysay xaaladda hadiyadda rabbaaniga ah ee khamri helay caddooyinka Greek, marka ilaahyadii Olympus in uu la karinayo la wadaagaan kuwa kale. cabniinka Tani, oo waxaa weli loo isticmaalaa in xafladaha badan diinta.

2. taariikhyahanadu badan ayaa isku raacay in bilowgii Revolution Faransiis ahaa korodhka cashuurta on khamri, ka dibna ka dhigay cabniin ah u awoodi dabaqadda dhexe.

3. Marka ee France kordhay cashuurta u dhaxeeya Britain iyo Portugal xiriirka saaxiibtinimo. Sida baadhayaashu, British ah jeclaa dhadhanka oo khamri ah dekedda Portuguese.

Haddaba su'aasha ugu muhiimsan - waxa sabab raagay kala qaybsan yihiin qaybaha.

qoondaynta guud

U sheeg fasalada oo dhan ka mid ah article waa wax aan macquul aheyn, sidaas darteed aan ka hadalno dalka ugu qadiimiga ah iyo caansan Yurub ee wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka khamri - France. Taasi soocidda afar heer oo ka mid ah khamri raagay oo ka mid ah qaybaha oo tayo leh waxaa halkan duubay.

raagay Shaxda (VDT ama de miiska VIN). wax soo saarka Beverage waxaa lagu salayn karaa isticmaalka fasalada kala duwan iyo dalagyo canab. Si ay u bixiyaan 9% a heerarka khamriga waa in loo oggolaadaa in ay ku dar sharoobada sonkorta. The khamri raagay oo miiska calaamad ma tilmaamaya meeshii soo saaridda iyo sanadka beergooyska. Sababo la la'aanta ah ee shacuurta iyo shaqsi, iyagu ma ay u qalmaan dareenka dhaleecayn iyo sommeliers, iyo maqaayado wanaagsan marna ka mid ah iyaga oo ku menu.

Vin de bixiya (VDP), ama maxaliga ah, waxaa iska leh qaybta raagay heer-sare oo tayo leh. Production ku salaysan yahay noocyo nidaamsan ee berry, cabniinka waa in ay leeyihiin xoog gaar ah oo ay la kulmaan astaamaha organoleptic qaarkood. canab ah loo isticmaalo this category, waa koray meel gaar ah. Law for warshadaha sharaabka ee this category ayaa 150 meelo France.

Appellation d'Origine Vin Delimite de Qualite Superieure (AOVDQS ama VDQS) - raagay guridda oo tayo sare leh. Ay wax soo saarka ayaa qawaaniin adag oo gacanta lagu sameeyaa by ururada gaarka ah. cabitaanka oo dhan la xiriira qaybta raagay ku tilmaamay, la kulmo dhowr ah oo looga baahan yahay:

- saarka ee sharaabka soo qaadataa meel meelaha ku xidhan gobolka gaar ah;

- Isticmaal canab kaliya nidaamiyo,

- qeexay habka maaraynta iyo wax-soosaarkooda ugu badnaan halkii hektar,

- waa in la waafajiyaa oo dhan xeerarka vinification, shuruudaha organoleptic oo ku adkeeyey qalcaddayda a.

Appellation controlee d'origine (Waxaa kalle) - kala soocidda ugu sareeya khamri raagay by category, gudbinayaa in ay asal ahaan oo waxay leeyihiin shuruudo dheeraad ah oo adag oo ka badan AOVDQS. Halkan tixgeliyaan da'da canabka ah loo isticmaalo, noocyo kala duwan oo ciidda iyo midabka ee sharaabka ka dhalanaya. Doorka ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka ee riwaayadaha "appellations", ie magaca, waa waxa damaanad qaadaya siidaayay ee alaabta. Xusuusnow dhan appellations adag, sida ay tirada joogto ah u koraya (in ka badan 400), laakiin khamri raagay oo kalle oo ugu qiimaha badan waxaa loo arkaa in ay Faransiis, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay leedahay muujinta a kala.

inta kale ee Europe waa magaalo canab ee Europe, ku salaysan kala soocidda Faransiis, waxaan abuurnay la mid ah. xiriir A cad waxaa ku cad miiska.

France	Italy	Spain
Vin de miiska	Vino de Mesa	Vino da Tavola
Vin de bixiya	Vinos de las Tierras	Indicazione Geografica Tipica
AOVDQS	MA (Denominacion de Origen)	Denominazione di Origine Controllata
Waxaa kalle	Denominacion de Origen Calificada	Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita

Qoondaynta oo ah content sonkorta

Red badanaa qalalan, si loo ku salaysan raagay cad.

1. Sec - qalalan (in ka yar 4 g / L).

2. Demi-sec - semidry (4-12 g / l).

3. Moelleux - semisweet (12-45 g / l).

4. Doux - macaan (in ka badan 45 g / l).

Waayo, dhalaalaya: estra-kuwo (in ka yar 4 g / l), kuwo (ilaa 15 g / l), oo dheeraad ah-sec (12-20 g / l), sec (wax ka badan 35 g / l), Demi-sec (32 -55 g / l), doux (in ka badan 55 g / l).

content ee CO ₂

Vin lagu niinaaso - category ee cabitaanka khamriga la dhalaalayay, halkaas oo falgalka suuska sare meel dhalada.

Vin mousseux gazeifie - dirka dhalaalaya raagay, kuna waari dhexdeeda CO ₂ robab dhacdaa by carbonation.

Vin petillant - khamri la dhalaalayay, kala duwan oo ka kale ku yar-karka CO ₂ dhalada.

Vin perlant - luul isagoo heerka hoose ee CO _2.

Vin tranquille - xasilloon cabitaanka khamriga la maqan gebi ahaanba CO _2.

Hab-soocidda

Nooca ugu adag ee kala cabitaan this, sida wax soo saarka kasta oo uu leeyahay khiyaano ugu qabtaan oo kala soocin. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, khubarada ay awoodaan si ay u aqoonsadaan qaybaha soo socda:

- khamri dhallinyarada aan u baahan yahay soo-gaadhista.

- Da'da ee foosto ama dhalooyinka ilaa hal sano.

- Da'da gufarkiisii u gaar ah. Waxaa ka mid ah noocyo qaar ka mid ah khamri raagay oo cad, shaqada technology this in Valley Loire ah.

- raagay liqueur soo saaray waxaa isbeddel, in lagu daraa khamriga nedobrodivshee johannesört ama khamri.

- khamri la kariyo, gaar ahaan, soo saaray Provence Faransiis ah. Production ku salaysan yahay kululaynta dheer iyo uumi ee johannesört ah. khamri la karkariyey leedahay dhadhan gaar ah oo ku jira heerar sare oo sonkor ah.

Qoondaynta by hooska sharaabka khamriga

Waxaa had iyo jeer ma la wadaago by midabka ah ee khamri ah, waxay mararka qaarkood lagu tilmaamay sida ay Halabuurka kiimikada ay. Tusaale ahaan, ma ogtahay in uu jiro champagne ka canab madow soo saaray, laakiin waxa uu leeyahay midab cad?

In khamri ah cas ku jira fareeshka ah (fareeshka ah) ayaa masuul ka ah astringency iyo pigments, keenaya midabka.

Rose raagay ma istaahilaan dareenka of dhaleecayn, inkastoo ay kala duwan oo ka mid ah midabo kala duwan waa mid aad: ka yar wasakheeyey in robab.

Waxa kale oo jira oo khamri ah oo cagaar ah soo saaray Portugal, madow (Cahors), iyo huruud ah.

Haddaba eegmo kooban oo khamrigii SAMAYN qaybood.

Maxay ka dhigan tahay DO

raagay guridda tayo sare-analoogga Spanish (AOVDQS). Xaq u leeyahay in ay soo saaraan alaabta for this category heshay in ka badan 164 beeralaydu khamri Isbaanish.

Meesha ugu weyn ee beeraha canabka ah, waayo, wax soo saarka iyo khamri raagay oo in category ayaa La Mancha - 188.181 hektar. Ay wax soo saarka ayaa Woody iyo qooraansaneynaa dhadhan fahmayaan.

qayb ka mid ah khamri cad

category The raagay cad waxaa sida caadiga ah kala qaybsanyihiin 6 fasalada:

1. khamri qalalan iftiin "jirka." Sida sommelier ah ayaa sheegay in ay leedahay "steel" core. Waxaa hoos u xaddiga sonkorta, laakiin fiirsashada sare ee acid, boqolkiiba khamriga kama badna 12% iyo caraf udgoon wax yar la geran karo. Laakiin ku takhasusay khibrad ku doodaya in noocan oo kale ah khamri cad oo mararka qaarkood ayaa yeelan kara caraf udgoon iyo dhadhanka - oo dhan waxay ku xiran tahay kala duwan canabka. Tusaale ahaan, "Sauvignon Blanc" ayaa Gudigga dabiiciga ah, iyo "Riesling" - midhaha.

2. Muddada gaadhista ee khamri cad oo celcelis ahaan "jidhka" - ugu yaraan 3 sano. Waxaa la soo saaray ka Chardonnay, Shenen Blan iyo doorka. heerka khamriga ee 10 ilaa 13%, laakiin dhadhanka iyo caraf udgoon ubaxa ah loogu dhawaaqaa iyo qoraalada Maalmihii.

3. complete "jidhka" qaybood oo khamri ah, sida caadiga ah, ku hayay foosto dhowr sano. Waxay leeyihiin dhadhan ah Maalmihii, aysidhka yar yahay, oo xaddi badan oo fareeshka ah. Qamriga ka 12 ilaa 14%.

4. kareysa cabitaanka khamri cad oo kala duwan oo caraf udgoon midhaha qalaad fahmayaan. Waxay yihiin acid hooseeyo heerka khamri ah 12-14% ah.

5. raagay Semi-macaan ka noocyo of canab Moscatel, Tokay-Geed Gris iyo Shenen Blan sameeyey. KHAMRIGA 14% iyo quudin galay sharaabka oo la qaboojiyay 10 ⁰ Foomka C.

6. In sharaabka ee khamri cad oo udgoon kor ka kooban ilaa 18% ka mid ah khamriga waxaa guud ahaan ku quudin jiray in ay macmacaan ah. wakiillo ka loo yaqaan ee sharaabka khamriga "Sauternes" iyo "Barsac" (France).

A ereyo kooban oo ku saabsan cabniinka dhalaalayay

Loo yaqaan khamri la dhalaalayay, taas oo ka kooban dioxide kaarboon, abuuray by technology u gaar ah. Ay wax soo saarka u qaybsan yahay 4 Hababka:

1. Carbonation. Marka saara tayadiisu hoosayso cabitaanka codsatay hordhaca macmal ah ee CO _2.

2. Habka kaas oo dhamaadka halsano aasaasiga ah, khamriga ma aha in foosto iyo dhalada, loo yaqaan miyiga (rurale methode).

3. Haddii daatay sare ee walxaha organic meel akratoforah (weel bir gaar ah), gardarrada dhacdaa habka wax soo saarka ee Sharma ah.

4. Habka classical - geeddi-socodka lagu celceliyo halsano ku dhacaa dhalada.

Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in ay jiraan laba nooc gaarka ah ee dhalaalaya raagay oo dhalaalaya oo ganac. First ku jira xaddi yar ee carbon dioxide, halka Pepe uu cadaadis yar ee dhalada iyo hay hooseeyo (7%).

Taas oo u adeegi jireen suxuunta khamri

khamri Quality, cunto iyo shirkadda wacan oo wanaagsan - waa damaanad ah oo xusuus diiran of casho ah. Doorashada asaxaabta - arrin gaar ah, iyo in la ogaado waxa suxuunta weheliso khamri, waxa oo dhan waxay leeyihiin.

Waa in aynu ka bilaabi xayiraad, kuwaas oo cuntada, taas oo aan la talinayaa in aad dalbato in cabitaanka khamriga, si aanay u dejinaaya dhadhankiisii. Absolutely ma dalban kartaa cunto iyo khamrigii, iyo cunto fudud, isagoo khal.

Waxaa ka mid reebay waxa ka mid ah nuts. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in wareegaya midho ku hari dhadhan soo jawaabi waydo waxyaabo kale oo cabbin khamri.

Mamnuucidda Last khusaysaa sigaarka. Qiiqa sigaarka oo Maansheeyo baxay caraf udgoon iyo dhadhan of nicotine uma oggolaan doono in ay si buuxda u la kulmaan khamriga.

Inkasta oo noocyo badan oo cunto u jiraan xeerar: dhadhan u sii dhismaha on saxanka, khamriga fudud in la cabbo ee muraayadda, iyo qeybsanaan.

Red timaado in hilibka basbaas, miro, baastada, pizza, kalluunka iyo noocyo kala duwan oo xabbadood.

dhadhan White dhammaataan harmonises la cuntada badda, weylaha, digaaga iyo ukunta.

Cunsurka raagay pink arkaa in ay yihiin fudud hilibka, cuntada badda iyo macmacaan.

kala duwan ee semi-macaan iyo udgoon raaco baraf cream, miro iyo shukulaatada.

cabitaanka la dhalaalayay, kuwaas oo champagne - cabniinka ugu fiican ee casho furitaanka gala ah.

gunaanad

Haddii "cabitaan rabbaani ah" waayo, waxaad u qaybsan caddaan, casaan, qalalan iyo deyr ka hor, ka dibna waxa la rajeynayaa in, ku hubaysan macluumaad ka qodobkan, waxa aad baratay, waa maxay qaybaha khamri raagay, iyo Magaca calaamada ma waxaad ka akhrisan kartaa oo keliya, laakiin aqoonsado kala duwan iyo habka of saaridda.