Qoondaynta of falgalka kiimikada

reaction kiimikada A waa habka Isbadal walxaha, intii lagu jiray waqtigaas uu jiro isbeddel in ay qaab-dhismeedka ama Halabuurka. Sida ka dhashay geedi socodka this waa kala guurka ah qalabka ama reagents galay wax soo saarka final laga bilaabo. Maanta sameeyay soocidda aad u cad of falgalka kiimikada.

reactions Description isticmaalaya isla'egyada. Calaamadaha falgalka kiimikada

Waxaa jira dhawr kala saaro, mid kasta oo la tixgeliyo mid ama ka badan qaababka galay. Tusaale ahaan, falgalka kiimikada la kala saari karaan by bixinta si fiiro:

• tirada iyo halabuurka ah reactants iyo alaabta final;
• state of xulkii oo ka mid ah walxaha hore iyo final (gaaska, dareeraha, foomka adag);
• tirada wejiyada;
• dabiiciga ah ee qayb ka ah, kuwaas oo loo wareejiyo inta lagu jiro dareen-celinta (ra'iyi, electron);
• saamaynta kulka;
• Wabiyo in falcelinta jihada dambe.

Waa in la ogaadaa in falgalka kiimikada waxaa sida caadiga ah ku qoran isticmaalaya qaaciidooyinka iyo isleegyo. dhinaca bidix ee isla'egta qeexayaa Halabuurka ee reactants iyo dabiiciga ah ee wada hadalka, oo dhinaca midig waxaad ka arki kartaa wax soo saarka ugu dambeeya. Kale dhibic aad u muhiim ah - tirada atamka ee element kasta ee dhinaca midigta iyo bidixda waa in loo siman yahay. Kaliya ee habkan waxaa la arkay sharciga ilaalinta of mass.

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, waxaa jira kala saaro badan. Waxay ka hadli doonaan inta badan la isticmaalo.

Qoondaynta of falgalka kiimikada ka kooban tahay, tirada alaabta hore iyo finalka

Xasaasiyada ee xarunta, waayo, iyagu waa walxaha dheeraad ah kaas oo la isu geeyo si ay u sameeyaan walax badan oo adag. Xaaladaha intooda badan, reaction this waxaa la socda in la sii daayo kulaylka.

reactions kala daatay: reactant hore waa xarunta adag kuwaas oo foomamka ee geedi socodka of burburkii walxaha xoogaa ka fudud. Dareen-celinta noocan oo kale ah waxaa laga yaabaa in labada redox oo dhici aan badalayn valence ah.

reactions bedelay - wakiil isdhexgalka u dhexeeya walax adag oo fudud. In geeddi-socodka ah ee la bedelay ee la eb ka mid ah xarunta a. Schematically, falcelinta lagu sheegi karaa sida:

A = AB + BC + C

metathesis - geeddi-socodka ah inta lagu guda jiro taas oo labada reactant jaqsiinayso ku badelay u dhaxeeya qaybaha ka kooban. Tusaale ahaan:

AB + CD = AD + CB

reactions kala iibsiga - waxaa lagu gartaa wareejinta la eb ama koox atamka ka mid walax in kale.

Qoondaynta of falgalka kiimikada, geedi socodka karo oo laga bogsoon

dabeecad kale oo muhiim ah falcelinta - waa fursad lagu beddelo habka.

Sidaas yeedhay waxyaabaha reaction sida karo oo leh kasta oo kale ula falgalaan laga yaabaa, sameynta qalabka isku mid. Sida caadiga ah, habkaani waa in ay daruuri u muuqdaan in isla'egta. Xaaladdan oo kale, ka qayb Midig iyo Bidix ee isla'egta ku riday laba fallaadho soo horjeeda.

Marka ah waxyaabaha karin reaction kiimikada ma awoodo inuu ka fal kasta oo kale - ugu yaraan xaaladaha caadiga ah.

Qoondaynta oo ka mid ah falgalka kiimikada on saamaynta kulka

reaction Thermochemical waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba kooxood oo waaweyn:

• geeddi-gube, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo ay jirto dhereg kulaylka (tamarta);
• geeddi socodka endothermic, taas oo u baahan nuugista tamarta dibadda.

Qoondaynta of falgalka kiimikada on tirada wejiyada iyo wajiga kasoo muuqday

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, ee gobolka of xulkii of walxaha sidoo kale waa muhiimad weyn u waxqabadka full of falgalka kiimikada. On dhulka, kuwaas oo inta badan kala duwanaayeen:

• gaaska reaction;
• falcelinta ee xal;
• hababka kiimikada dhexeeya cunnooyinka adkaha ah.

Laakiin wax soo saarka hore iyo final ma had iyo jeer tixraac mid ka mid ah gobolka mid ka mid ah xulkii. Sidaa darteed, dareen diidmo oo waa la tilmaamay inay ku salaysan tirada wejiyada:

• -Hal waji ama reactions dhqaalaha - waa geedi socodka kuwaas oo waxyaabaha ku jiraan xaalad isku mid ah (kiisaska intooda badan, dareen-celinta ay tani ku dhacdo ama waji gaaska ama in xal);
• reaction Nuurre (multiphase) - reactants iyo alaabta final waxaa laga yaabaa in wadamada kala duwan ee xulkii.