Qiimaha saliidda Ruush. Dhismaha qiimaha saliidda Ruush

Against hortegi lahaa ee xaaladda hadda jirta dhaqaalaha, qiimaha danaha saliid Ruush khubaro ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale dadka caadiga ah. Russia iska leh category ah ee dalalka la nooca ah cayriin ee dhaqaalaha, iyo fayo-qabka waa si toos ah ee la xiriira qiimaha dahabka madow ee suuqyada caalamka. Cad in aan ka jawaabo su'aalo ku saabsan inta ay ku kici saliidda Ruush, waa dhibaato sababtoo ah muddada loola jeedaa qaybta ka mid ah multi-qiimeeyo. Complicating xaaladda tiro aad u badan oo ah noocyada, noocyo iyo noocyada alaabta ceeriin, kuwaas oo lagu daray in ratio gaar ah si aad u hesho saliid (Urals), ugu baayacmushtari jireen suuqyada caalamka. Sidoo kale waxaa jira category ah alaabta ceeriin, kuwaas oo aan la isticmaali ama la dhoofiyo iyo sida loo isticmaalo si gaar ah in industry kiimikada.

Maxaa si ay u horumariyaan kharashka saliid lagu daray ay kharashka?

Qiimaha Qiimaha warshadaha ee saliidda Ruush ku lug leedahay qarash. Tani waa qiimaha u kaca ee dareeraha si fiican ka hooseysa in ay afka wadaha, qiimaha biyaha, taas oo si toos ah u galay kaydka taageero cadaadis, lacag korontada iyo isticmaalo. Waa wax aan macquul in ay iska eafiya iskana, oo lagu qaato iyo mushaharka. account The qaaday qarashka qiimo dhaca qalabka loo isticmaalo in saaridda ee alaabta ceeriin. Aynu lacag bixisid si aad u xisaabin xaqiiqada ah in ka fiirsato alaabta ceeriin, ma dhammaan ceelasha on shayga yihiin adeegsadaa habka dareenka. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxaa lagu hagaajin karo. kakanaanta waa xaqiiqda ah in socodka lacagaha qalabka ee muddooyinka kala duwan ee adeegga waqtiga (maalin, bil, sanad, iwm) laga yaabaa in si weyn u kala duwan yihiin, taas oo si toos ah saamayn doonaa kharashka wax soo saarka. badan oo ka mid ah qodobada in qaabka qiimaha ugu dambeeya ee dahabka madow, wuxuu kobciyaa aragtida ah fikirka ah kharashka sida qiimaha a Gaarna Ujeedada iyo arrin aan sax ahayn.

Dynamics dhismeedka qiimaha saliidda

Qiimaha Ra'iisul oo saliid Ruush, haddii aan in ay qaataan galay canshuurta account iyo canshuurta fiirsato macdanta, in muddada u dhaxaysa 2005 ilaa 2014 saddex laab ka 1000 si ay u 3000 rubles. Sida loogu dhoofiyo dibadda, qiimaha ayaa sidoo kale sara kacay. Hadda ka hor, ayay Dirk 600 rubles, oo hadda u taagan at 1,800 rubles. Iyadoo la tixraacayo dhaqankan cusub ee si weyn u kordhay laftiisa la kulmay, taas oo labada muujineysa qiimaha saliidda, iyo sida laga fekerayo ah oo dollar ah. Iyadoo la tixgelinayo in kharashka wax soo saarka qiyaasay alaabta ceeriin ee doolar, in muddada ku tilmaamay (2005-2014 GG.) Waxaa sidoo kale kor u kacay. Haddii hore khubarada qiimeeyo foosto loogu talagalay $ 5, balse maanta ay qiimo ma dhici hoos ku 14 doolar. korodhka A weyn ee waxqabadka ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in sannadihii la soo dhaafay in qiimaha dahabka madow waxay bilaabeen inay ka mid kharash on sahaminta ee kayd cusub iyo maalgashiga guud ee waaxda. kaydka saliidda Ruush sahamiyey wakhtigii Midowga Soofiyeeti, wax badan oo daallan, oo ay tahay in la helo kayd cusub macdanta in aysan raqiis ahayn. Iyada oo la tixgelinayo shirkadaha birta ka hawlgala kharashka.

Waxa ku jira qiimaha saliidda on Tusaale ahaan shirkadda "Rosneft"

daraasad kooban oo qaab-dhismeedka qiimaha saliidda ku salaysan shaqada ee "Rosneft" shirkadda, kaas oo ku salaysan qiimaynta xisaabaadka ganacsi muddo lix bilood ah loo ogol yahay si ay u fuliyaan taxane ah xisaabinta. Sidaas darteed, waxaan ogaaday in qiimaha alaabta ceeriin by 55-57% ka kooban yahay noocyo kala duwan oo cashuuro iyo qarashyo in shirkadda bixisa gobolka. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in inta badan lacagta ka soo kasta iibin foosto oo saliid ah la geeyo bixinta canshuurta kala on caadooyinka waajibaadka, cashuurta dakhliga, oo lagu daray tabarucaadka gaarka ah ee shaqaalaha (canshuurta dakhliga shakhsiyeed iyo caymiska bulshada) ee.

arrimaha binta boqolkiiba faahfaahsan

Ka fikir meesha waa faa'iido ah ka soo harta iibka ee shirkadda saliidda "Rosneft" ah:

• 10% qiimaha si ay u daboosho kharashka horumarinta iyo sahaminta ee beeraha cusub, faqri on dhirta iyo qalabka lagu rakibo, si aad u hesho iibsada iyo saxiixa heshiiska, maamulka iyo amniga ee ganacsiga;
• 8.4% of cayriin qiimaha wax dabooli bixinta si ay u iibsada aan ku xirnayn in ay yihiin dhammaadka isticmaala ama ma,
• 7.6% - cushioning iyo xirtaan nooc hantida wax (dhismayaasha iyo dhismaha, dhuumaha shidaalka iyo qalabka, et al.);
• 8.6% - taasi waa lacag bixinta ee shirkadaha adeegyada kaabayaal ah, gaar ahaan, dayactirka qalabka ama reprocessing.

On hawlgala dakhliga xisaab kaliya 13.2%. Iyo sababta oo ah waxa loo xisaabinayaa qarashka dulsaarka net iyo dakhliga saafiga hawlaha aan qalliinka. hadhay waxaa u sakhiray in la saxo oo ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa sarrifka iyo canshuuraha. Waxba ma ahan wixii kharashka shirkadda Ruush saliid "Rosneft" aqbalaa% ee qiimaha, kaas oo uu sameeyay suuqa dunida oo kaliya 9.

Oil "Rosneft" shirkadda ee doolarka Maraykanka

Khubarada kuwaas oo isku dayay in uu xisaabiyo qiimaha saxda ah ee wax soo saarka saliidda Ruush, sida hore loo sheegay, bartay shirkadda "Rosneft". Waxay ogaadeen in shirkadda qaybiyaa kharashka oo dhan saddex qaybood. Waxay kala yihiin:

• saarka iyo hawlgalka kharashka ;
• guud iyo maamulka;
• kharashka la xidhiidha sahaminta ee kaydka saliidda iyo gaaska.

Wararka ayaa sheegaya in kharashka gudaha ee shirkadu ka samaysan 17.5% dakhliga shirkadda. kharashka External - waa dheeraad ah 17% faa'iidada. Sidaas darteed, wax soo saarka saliida iyo shirkadaha kharashka bixinta ay lacagta aan ka badnayn 35 doolar, laakiin waxaa la siiyaa in qiimaha shidaalka ee suuqa u dhiganta 100 doolar. Haddii aad u maamulaan si ay tayadoodii kharashka by yaraynta nuqul posts iyo in la yareeyo mushaharka la gunooyinka, iyo sidoo kale in ay dhacdo kordhinta muddada qiimo of technology, waxaa soo baxday in ay galaan qiimaha kharashka 25-27 dollar. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in marka dollar soo baxna, saliid lagu dhibciyo in qiimaha, laakiin ma waayi shirkadaha saliidda iyo gobolka, kaas oo uu helo canshuurta ka wareegga buuxda ee iibka alaabta batroolka ka badan qiimaha shidaalka.

Waa maxay qiimaha suuqa dunida waa in ay u adkeysan warshadaha ee saliidda Ruush karin?

Oil iyo dhaqaalaha Ruush waxaa si adag lala, iyo hoos u dhac musiibo in qiimaha alaabta ceeriin, at jaleecada hore, in lagu cabsiiyo shirkado badan oo guryaha. Sida laga soo xigtay macluumaad laga helay ilo rasmi ah, inta lagu guda jiro fasaxa ganacsiga ee suuqa adduunka oo saliid ah (January 7, 2015) WITI ganacsiga sumadda at hooseyso multi-sano, at 47.33 dollar ah. North Sea Brent saliidda cayriin hoos bartilmaameed u ah 50,77 doolar. Khubarada waxbarashada iibka suuqyada khayraadka sida alaabta ceeriin iyo saliid, dhalidda saadaasha aad u wanaagsan, oo tilmaamaysa in shirkadaha saliidda awoodaan inay ku nool yihiin 2015 oo la shiidaa dhibaatooyin ma jiri doono. Sida laga soo xigtay wakaaladda Regnum gorfaynta, qeybtii xitaa hal dhibic ka mid ah ku dhowaad dhammaan shirkadaha saliidda gurigu waa heerka ugu of $ 30. saliid qalalan, iyada oo aan qiimaha la socda, aad ujecel shirkadda ee u dhaxaysa $ 4 ilaa $ 8. In kasta oo gacan ka geystay shirkadaha saliidda ah oo ku saabsan 70% faa'iidada khasnadda dawladda, in industry ee ay leeyihiin awood weyn oo ku filan reserve. Wasaaradda Ruush ee Energy ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay ilaaliyaan heerka wax soo saarka shidaalka 525 million tons gudahood, in kasta oo ay cunaqabatayn adag ka West iyo sida xadidan oo ay ku credit helaan a, iyo in ay teknoolajiyada cusub oo loogu talagalay horumarinta wax cayriin on shelf ah.

faa'iidada The ee wax soo saarka saliidda ee Russia

faa'iidada ah ee wax soo saarka saliidda ee Russia waa mid qaali ah, iyo, sida aynu helnay, warshadaha ee u adkeysan doonaa load ee dayrta ee kharashka shidaalka ilaa $ 30. Maanta Urals ganacsiga brand waa heerka of 61,77 doolar. dayrta hit doonaa oo kaliya on miisaaniyadda dawladda oo dalka ka mid ah. Haddii shirkadda shaqeyn doonaa "eber", ma ay awoodi doonaan in ay lacagta khasnadda dawladda, iyo xiritaanka dhamaystiran oo laan "abaal" ee gobolka oo aan ka yarayn shan milyan oo shaqo la'aan. Maanta, shirkadaha shidaalku ay sabab u tahay xaaladda dhaqaale ee dalka oo ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in dollar ah u korayo, isku dayayaan in ay soo saaro saliid at qiimaha ugu yar. Waxay joojin qaadashada maalgelinta shirkadaha ay, lacag joojin update, joojin sahaminta dhulka iyo ugu badnaan u dhaca qalabka dheerayn. Saadaasha ballan qaaday inay kacaan qiimaha shidaalka ee mustaqbalka dhow, soo bixitaanka lacagaha dheeraadka ah oo magdhow ku meel gaar ah hor istaagay items kharashyadda. Haddii qiimaha yar yahay suuqa saliidda lagu qaban doonaa waqti aad u dheer, dhibaatooyinka la soo wajahay doonaa ma aha oo kaliya by batroolka, laakiin sidoo kale gobolka sida. Inkasta oo saliid badan ee Russia, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u horumariyaan berrinka, sida uu horey u horumariyo mashaariic waxaa dhammaaday muddo. warshadaha ayaa laga yaabaa inuu wajaho burburkii a, haddii boqolleyda adag-to-saliid kordhin doonaa. Maanta waa 70% wax soo saarka guud ee. Sidaas darteed, qiimaha alaabta ceeriin kordhin doonaa, oo samayn doonaa shaqada ee warshadaha durba waa wax tar lahayn.

Import kaliya dheeraadka ah

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in beeraha saliid Ruush firfircoon bixiyaan kharashka yar ee la soo dhaafay, ha iloobin xaqiiqada ah in dheeraad dhoofinta yimaadaan oo keliya, mugga oo saliid ah in la wada baabbi'in karaan gobolka. Iyadoo yaraynta mugga of-soo-saarka ay u dhoofiyaan waxba u soo dirto yeelan doonaan. Waxaa suuro gal ah in Russia si deg deg ah dib-u-tilmaamay inay ka dhoofisaa ay ku soo dejiye ah. Sidaas darteed, saliid Ruush for rubles la heli doonaa oo keliya ee dalka gudihiisa, iyo kharashka shidaalka lagu rakibi doonaa by gobolka laftiisa, iyada oo diiradda saaraya suuqyada caalamka. Xaaladdu waa mid la mid ah - in Shiinaha, kuwaas oo, isagoo dalka afaraad ee marka la eego wax soo saarka saliidda dunida waxaa lagu qasbay in ay iibsadaan shidaalka. Xaaladda ayaa u soo jeestay in ka badan 2004. Indonesia, ilaa dhawaan xubin hore ee OPEC, ayaa hadda si firfircoon wax iibsiga alaabta ceeriin. Xusuuso laga sameeyey, iyo Romania, kaas oo ilaa dhawaan bixisey dahabka madow Yurub kaas oo hadda laftiisa waa Iibsaday shidaalka ee Kazakhstan iyo Russia.

Xaaladda suuqa saliid qoyska

Iyadoo la macaamilooday su'aasha ah ee sida inta ay kukacayaan saliid Ruush, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sameeyo dib u gurasho ah jihada of qaabka suuqa guryaha. Sida ay sheegayaan qiyaasaha hordhaca ah iyo guud, ka 60 ilaa 80% saamiga aad suuqa degaanka ee adeegyada oilfield shaqeeya afar shirkadaha reer galbeedka. Waxaa Schlumberger iyo Baker Hughes, Weatherford iyo Halliburton, dambe hadda waa nuugista firfircoon ee Baker Hughes. Hawlaha shirkadaha si adag loo nidaamiyo by cunaqabatayn ku soo rogeen by America on Russia. Waxaa jira suurtagalnimada sare in shirkadaha ku lugta leh horumarinta warshadaha Ruush wadajir joojin, laakiin xaqiijin rasmi ah oo xaqiiqda ma aha. batroolka Ruush waa mid aad ugu tiirsan keeno. Tusaale ahaan, ka shaqeeyaan on shelf Arctic ah, oo aan ka qaybgalka khabiiro ka Maraykanka iyo qalab si fudud waa wax aan macquul aheyn. About 30% ka mid ah mugga guud ee shidaalka ee dalka waxaa bixiya frekinga. Drilling iilata iyo ceelal siman, teknoolojiyad sare cilmi fiisikada on macluumaadka la heli karo, fulinayaan khubaro ajnabi ah oo taageero ka hay'adaha ay xiriir la. Joojinta shuraako la ah Maraykanka ballan khasaare weyn oo muda oo saliid ceyriin oo kor u kac wayn ee ay kharashka. Dabcan, taasi waa uun mid ka mid ah horumar badan tahay aragtiyaha, kaas oo sidoo kale aqbali karaan ama ma aqbali sida runta.

Waa maxay sababta qiimaha saliidda Ruush kordhin kartaa?

At qiimaha saliidda waxaa saameeya arrimo badan, laga bilaabo kharashka qalabka saliidda soo saara ee horumarinta qiimaha dhigaalka cusub macdanta. Khubarada ayaa si nidaamsan baaro arrimaha saameeya qiimaha khayraadka, sida saliidda, dhalidda saadaasha ma aha mid aad raaxo. Shirkadaha shidaalka la kulanto dhibaatooyin wax soo saarka ee carbon, sida horumarinta beeraha cusub waxay u baahan tahay maalgelin weyn. Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Khayraadka Dabeeciga ah, on marinka ee Zaman ah khayraadka adag-taagan, iyagoo heerka horeba waa ka badan 70%. Daal of kaydka saliidda ee beeraha dhaqanka muddo gaaban keeni kartaa qadarin weyn ee qiimaha khayraadka. Mashaariicda la xiriira horumarinta beeraha saliid fog, waxay la sameeyey meelha gaarka ah ee gobolka Tomsk ah, Khanty-Mansiysk Degmada, Tatarstan. Hoggaamiyayaasha badan oo wershedaha shidaalka ayaa diiradda on xaqiiqada ah in sannadihii ugu danbeeyay tayada saliid Ruush dilaacda. Waxaa jirta baahi ah in la isticmaalo tiknolojiyada cusub si ay cadeymo dheeraad ah ee shidaalka. Inkastoo Russia doonayay inay maalgashi ku shirkadaha iyo hagaajiyo tayada saliidda soo saaray, mashaariicda oo dhan ayaa weli ku jira mashaariicda iyo shirkadaha gudaha ay sii wadaan si ay u isticmaalaan khayraadka la heli karo. Naftooda sida shirkada aan imika lahayn khayraadka la heli karo si ay u maal ee casriyeynta ee wax soo saarka iyo alaabta ceeriin ka sifeynta ee nijaasta ahaa in la yareeyo qiimaha suuqa oo saamayn ku tayada. warshadaha waa xaalad guurto ah iyo shirkadaha saliidda waxay sugayeen u kaca qiimaha dahab madow.