Paul Antokolsky: Biography iyo shuqullo

Abwaan Soviet Pavel Antokolsky, Biography iyo hal-abuur mudan xeel dheer, wuxuu ku noolaa nolol dheer iyo aad u xiiso badan. In uu xasuusta ahaayeen kacdoonkii, dagaallo, tijaabo ku ah fanka, formation of suugaanta Soviet. gabayo Antokolsky - waa noole, sheeko tayo leh oo ku saabsan waayo-aragnimada Abwaan, nolosha ah ee dalka, oo ku saabsan shakhi uu.

asal ahaan

June 19, 1896 ee St. Petersburg ayaa ku dhashay Antokolskiy Pavel Grigorevich. Wuxuu ahaa curadkii afar carruur ah iyo wiil keliya. Aabbihiis, qareen si fiican u yaqaan, laakiin aan si gaar ah guul, si joogto ah samaynta qorshe ku saabsan sida loo beddesho noloshooda wanaagsan. Laakiin waxaa soo shaqeeyay qaybta ugu of caawiye qareen ah, iyo in times Soofiyeeti - rasmi yaryar ee hay'adaha kala duwan. Dhamaan daryeelka ilmaha jiifay ee saaran garbaha hooyada. Boy xisaabay grandnephew of sculptor caanka ah ee Marc Antokolsky, taas oo ilaa xad Pavlov wareejiyay awooda farshaxanka. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in qoyska lahaa xididdada Yuhuudda, nolosha dhalasho gabayaa ee door lahayn.

carruurnimada

Childhood Paul Antokolsky qabtay St. Petersburg, iyo markii uu ahaa 8 sano jir, qoyska u dhaqaaqay Moscow. carruurnimada hiwaayad Main, in erayada Antokolsky waxaa ay barbaro la qalin midab leh iyo laabkood ah. Uu ku xiran jecel ahaa image ee madaxa ah - sawir for 'Ruslan iyo Lyudmila' A. S. Pushkina. Later waxaa jiray maaddo jecel labaad - ekaanta Ivana Groznogo, oo u ekaa taallo ah oo uu awoowe Antokolsky. U soo guurista Moscow wiil fiican u soo xusuusan doono, ka dib markii ay is dajiyaan iyo haybad Petersburg Waxay isagii tusay ee stocky, buuq iyo wasakh ah. Laakiin waxa uu si tartiib ah caadaysteen in ay Moscow oo bilaabay inuu aad u Nebina dalkiisa ka fiirsan. kacaanka ee 1905 ayaa wali aragti cad ee xasuusta of wiilka, mucaaradka ah ee dadka iyo masuuliyiinta ka dib noqon doono mid ka mid ah mawduucyada ee shakhi uu.

waxbarashada

Paul Antokolsky bartay Dugsiga Sare ee Moscow, qalin jabiyay 1914. Learning fudud isaga loogu talagalay, laakiin ahbaa xamaasad yar. Hal sano ka dib ka qalin dugsiga sare, Paul galay State Moscow Jaamacadda, Kulliyadda Law. Horeba in sanadka ugu horeeya ee uu ku arkay ee waddooyinka ee Moscow State University on Moss dhawaaqay guryaha ka go'an in Studio Drama Ardayga hoos ka mid ah jilayaasha Moscow Art Tiyaatarka ka joogo in ka bilaabay nolol kale Antokolsky. jeer waxay ahaayeen qasan, iyo bartey Paul tartiib tartiib tagay waxbarashada uu jaamacad, marka hore si ay u shaqeeyaan maleeshiyada kacaan, laakiin ugu dambeyntii for istuudiyaha, kaas oo la sii muhiim ah isaga.

tiyaatarka

studio Tiyaatarka MSU hogaaminayo agaasimaha ka dibna wax yar-yaqaan Yevgeny Vakhtangov kor isaga ku xigay oo ka dhacay Paul Antokolsky. Uu Biography u xuub bedelay leh dhalashada masraxa, Paul ugu horeysay uu gacanta ku simaha farsamo isku dayay, laakiin tayadiisa ma ahaa ku filan. Inta lagu guda jiro saddexda sano ee daraasaddan istuudiyaha dhexdiisa, kuwaas oo galay ah "dadka masraxa" jeestay Antokolsky qudhiisu isku dayay in xirfadlayaasha oo dhan masrixiyada suurto gal, ka editor goobta a in agaasimaha iyo sameeyay. Waayo, istuudiyaha, ayuu qoray saddex riwaayadaha, oo ay ku jiraan "Doll Infanta" iyo "doonid riyo." In 1919, uu ka Vakhtangov iska guuro, laakiin waxa ay weli ka shaqeeyaan tiyaatarka Moscow, halkaas oo ilaa agaasimaha jilitaanka bartamihii 30 ee. Later, wuxuu tiyaatarka Vakhtangov ku soo laabtay, waxaa isaga la shaqeeya horumarinta ee dhismaha on Arbat ah. dhimashada aasaasihii weyn ee tiyaatarka ka dib Antokolsky laftiisa iyo iyadoo lala kaashanayo agaasimayaasha kale saaray Riwaayado. Iyada oo ah te'atradii ku Vahtangova Pavel Grigorevich tagaa on safar ee Sweden, Germany iyo France. safarrada ka caawiyay isaga badan oo ku saabsan adduunka oo naftiisa bartaan, isagu waa ka badan ka war naftiisa waa nin Soviet. dareenkaa Later socdaalada, kuwaas oo lagu soo bixitaankii doonaa aayadda, gaar ahaan, in kitaabkii "West". Masraxa ayaa had iyo jeer ku hadhay arrin muhiim ah oo nolosha Antokolsky xitaa markii uu doortay waddada ka duwan.

Suugaanta

Isaga oo gabayo ugu horeysay Pavel Antokolsky qoray in uu dhalinyarada, laakiin si dhab ah shaqo this uu lahaa. In 1920 wuxuu u guurayaan u dhaw in ay koox ka mid ah qorayaasha Moscow, kuwaas oo isugu soo Gabayaana waxaa Café on Tverskaya Street. Waxaa jira kulan la Antokolsky Bryusov, kuwaas oo jeclaa qoraaga gabayada laylis, iyo in 1921 uu daabacay uu shuqulladaadii hore. Bryusov may ahayn oo kaliya gabayaa aad u fiican, laakiin sidoo kale qabanqaabiyaha aad u fiican, wuxuu hoos hoggaanka waxaad fartaan Wannaagga urur suugaanta gabay ee Moscow, kaas oo ahaa mid aad u faa'iido badan ee Antokolsky dhallinyarada. Halkan uu ka urursatid xirfadaha iyo waxay aaminsan yihiin in uu shaqada cusub. Shuqullada hore ee Abwaan ay wada buuxsameen of hindiga iyo rabitaankiisa tiyaatarka. Tusaale ahaan, maansadu "Fransua Viyon" iyo "Characters" ururinta Gaadhsiin riyooyin iyo dareenka ah te'atradii. Laakiin si tartiib tartiib ah keensataa lyrics ku Antokolsky midab rayidka ah. Tartiib tartiib maturity, heleen ay style u gaar ah oo diiradda mowduuc qoraaga.

Maalintii dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic Pavel Antokolsky gudbiso codsi inuu ku biiro madaxda sare ee xisbiga shuuciga ah, laga bilaabo waqtigaas on, wuxuu ku yidhi, nolol cusub. The jahli dagaalka waxaa riixaya qalinka Abwaan, ayuu qoray wargayska badan ee sannadahan. Waxa intaa dheer in gabayada, wuxuu abuuraa Dakatu, ka shaqeeya sidii wariye dagaal, safray hore koox ka kooban jilayaasha iyo sida wariye. Dagaalka ka dib Antokolsky sii wadaan in ay qoraan mowduucyada bulsho oo muhiim ah, waxaa jira buugaag ah gabayo, "xoogga ah ee Vietnam ah", "The gabayaa iyo Time", "The SHEEKADII Years teesto ah", kaas oo noqday model ah gabayo Soviet rayidka ah.

dhaxal ahaan hal abuur leh

Intii uu nolosha hal abuur dheer, Paul Antokolsky kuwaas oo sawir waa in encyclopedia mid ka mid ah suugaanta Soviet, ayaa qoraal sagaal buugaagta ee gabayada, gabayo qaar ka mid ah oo lagu daabacay afar uruuriyaa of articles. buug kasta oo Abwaan - waa shaqo muhiim ah, haddii la raacio dareenka qoto dheer iyo fikradaha qoraaga. The abuurka ugu caansan waa gabay Antokolsky "Wiilka", qoraal ah oo ku saabsan dhimashada geesinimada ah ee ku dhintay hore ee wiilkiisa. Gabay keenay warkiisii caalamka in ay ka gabayaa iyo Prize Stalin ee. dan oo muuqda shuqullada ku qoran sarkhaansan ruuxa Faransiis kacaan: gabay ah Fransua Viyone, on the bulsho, maansadu "Robespierre iyo Gorgon ah", "sans-culottes". ururinta Last of gabayo, "The End of Qarniga" oo lagu daabacay 1977 iyo waa nooc ka mid ah danbaysay natiijooyinka nolosha.

Tarjumidda

Paul Antokolsky ugu badan ee uu u huray in shaqo turjumaad nolosha hal abuur leh. Xataa in qeybtii labaad ee Antokolsky 30meeyada ku booqday Jamhuuriyadda walaashiis - Armenia, Azerbaijan iyo Georgia - oo uu xiiseynayo dhaqankooda. Ka dibna uu bilaabo inuu shaqada ee tarjumaadda gabayada qaranka ee dalalka galay luuqada Ruushka. Iskusoo wada duuboo, wuxuu ku hawllan yahay turjumaad ah ee 60 iyo 70s. Waxa intaa dheer in shuqullada mid ah gabayayaashiinnu Joorijiyaan, Ukraine, Armenia iyo Azerbaijan, ayuu joojisey in badan oo ka mid ah suugaanta Faransiis. In loo qaadin ka mid ah loo ururin dayrta "gabayada sokeeye ee France", "From Bernazhe in Eluard" aqooneed asaasiga ah "Laba qarniyo gabayada ee France."

nolosha Personal

Abwaan The ku noolaa nolol arrin hodanka ah oo dheer. Waxay ahayd saaxiibtinimo la asxaabteena sida Marina Tsvetaeva, K. Smionov, E. Dolmatovsky, Tikhonov, V. Kataev. Antokolsky ahaa laba jeer guursaday. naagtiisa First - Natalia Shcheglova - dhashay gabadhii uu Natalia iyo ina Vladimir, kuwaas oo ku dhintay 1942 at hore. ka dib waxay noqotay rinjiile ah iyo sidoo kale guursaday Abwaan Leon Toom. awow Antokolsky Andrew noqday professor a of physics, ka shaqeeya ee Brazil. naagtiisa Second - Zoya Konstantinovna Bazhanova - ahaa artist ah, laakiin kan naftiisa oo dhan ka go'an in ay hawshii ninkeeda. Paul Antokolsky, naagtiisa, caruur iyo farac mar walba la xiriira sababta ugu weyn ee uu naftiisa - gabay. Guriga waxaa nidaam dhab ah Master ka. Dhamaadka nolosha Antokolsky keligay baa hadhay, oo uu naagtiisa ka dhintay, saaxiibaday haystay nolol. Waxa uu inta badan waqtigiisa ku qaatay dalka. Abwaan dhintay October 9, 1978, ayuu waxaa lagu aasay qabuuraha ee Moscow Vostryakovsky.