Neutrophils - a ... dhiig Norma dadka waaweyn iyo ilmaha

In falanqaynta caafimaad ee dhiigga ku jira wax badan oo ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha in sifaha gobolka ee u shaqeeyo guud ahaan iyo nidaamka ama xubnaha shaqsi ay. Beddelidda sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee dhiig ayaa muujinaya joogitaanka caabuq ama cudur.

Waa maxay neutrophils ah?

Neutrophils - a dacawo gaar ah unugyada dhiiga cad granulocytic. Kuwani unugyada wasakhaysan yihiin oo aasaasiga ah formaldehyde, iyo eosin. Iyadoo basophils kaliya wasakheeyey formaldehyde aasaasiga ah, iyo eosinophils waxaa wasakheeyey keliya eosin.

In neutrophils in tiro badan oo ku jira myeloperoxidase eulayska. enzyme Tani waa protein heme-ka kooban la joogo. Waa isaga kan bixisaa cado ah meelo godgodan oo ah unugyada nuutrofilkaagu. Sidaa darteed, malax iyo dheecaan, kuwaas oo ka kooban badan oo neutrophils sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin midab cagaar iyo tilmaamaya caabuq bakteralnom. cudurada viral iyo lesions unugyada dhiigga ee jidhka ah, kolkaasaa dirxi galay, kuwanu waa yaraa.

Neutrophils taageeraan nidaamka difaaca jirka oo kaa caawin jidhka ka-gaadhista fayraska iyo cudurada ilaaliyo. White unugyada dhiigga saaray dhuuxa lafta xawaare ka mid ah 7 Mill. Unugyada halkii daqiiqo. In dhiigga, waxay wareejin waayo 8-48 saacadood, ka dibna u haajiraan si ay unugyada iyo xubnaha, halkaas oo ay ku bixiyaan ilaalinta cudurada iyo bakteeriyada.

Marxaladaha horumarinta neutrophils

Neutrophils - macrophages ah, kuwaas oo ay awoodaan si uu u nuugo qayb keliya yar shisheeye ee jirka. Waxaa jira lix nooc oo nuutrofilkaagu - myeloblasts progranulocyte, medullocell, metamyelocyte, mindi (foomamka qaan gaadhin) iyo unugyada segmented (foomka baaluq).

Marka neutrophils cudurka daama lagu sii daayo ka dhuuxa lafta qaab aan weli qaan gaadhin. By tirada of qaan neutrophils dhiigga karaa in uu ogaado joogitaanka iyo adkaanta ka mid ah bararka habka.

Shaqada ugu weyn ee neutrophils

Neutrophils - a difaaca-unugyada jirka. Shaqadooda ugu weyni waa in uu u nuugo (oo phagocytosis) bakteeriyada iyo fayraska in ay yihiin khatar ugu ah dadka. unugyadan gaari karaan unugyada waxyeelo iyo nuugo bakteeriyada, baabbi'iyeen ensaymes iyaga u gaar ah pre-gaarka ah.

Ka dib markii qaadashada bakteeriyada neutrophils waa la wada baabbi'iyey, sii daayo ensaymes. falgalka waxay door ka sareyso meletariga ee nudaha ku hareereysan. Sidaas darteed, in meesha la sameeyay ihrazrusheniya malax carow ah, oo ka kooban neutrophils iyo harta ay.

Waxa intaa dheer in awooda phagocytic of neutrophils in ay u guuraan, hawlgeliyaan taagoo kale (Amda), iyo sidoo kale in ay ka jawaabaan ku meersan kiimikada iyaga xagga iyo ahmiyadda unugyada shisheeye (chemotaxis).

Neutrophils: Falanqaynta dhiigga caadiga ah

Sida caadiga ah, tiro ka mid ah aan weli qaan gaadhin aadanaha weyn ee caafimaad qaba (mindi) ee neutrophils ee dhiiga waa u dhaxaysaa 1 ilaa 6% dhammaan unugyada dhiiga cad. Number segmented (bisil) unugyada kala duwan 47-72% ah.

In carruurta, tirada neutrophils in muddo da'da kala duwan kala duwanaan karaan:

• In ilmaha hadda dhashay, waayo, maalintii ugu horraysay, tiradaasi waa 1-17% ka mid ah unugyada aan weli qaan gaadhin, iyo 45-80% ee neutrophils baaluq.
• Neutrophils waa ilmo ka yar 1 sano ee caadiga ah waa: unugyada mindi - 0.5-4%, iyo ka-fiirsashada ee neutrophils baaluq - 15-45%.
• Tan iyo hal sano jir iyo ka yar 12 sano jir ah tilmaame neutrophils qaan gaadhin in safafka dhiig ka soo 0.5 ilaa 5% ah, iyo tirada unugyada segmented loo siman yahay 25-62%.
• Laga soo bilaabo 13 ilaa 15 sano neutrophils band tilmaame weli ficil beddelin 0.5-6%, iyo kordhisaa tirada unugyada waaweyn oo ku dhex 40-65%.

Waa in la ogaadaa in haweenka uurka leh iyo hooyooyin carruurtaada nuujiya tirada neutrophils in dhiigga kama duwana caadiga ah tiradaasi aadanaha weyn ee caafimaad qaba.

Inta ay kor u unugyada xogta ee dhiigga

Neutrophils - waa kletki "kamikadze" waxay baabbi'in Qurub shisheeye jirka galo si uu u nuugo u xajisataan kuwa gudaha, kadibna dhinta.

Index of neutrophils in dhiig kordho marka uu jiro caabuq ee jirka, qiimaha ugu weyn waxaa la gaaray caabuq purulent (malax, phlegmon). Neutrocytosis bixiyaa difaac sii kordhaya ee jidhka fayrusyada iyo infekshannada ku faafa waxaa saameeya.

Inta badan waxaa neutrocytosis weheliso in la kordhiyo tirada guud ee unugyada dhiigga cad (leukocytosis). Haddii uu baaritaanka dhiigga waxaa laga heleyaa qaab cell mindi aan weli qaan gaadhin, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la raadiyo joogitaanka ee jirka ka mid ah geedi socodka bararka ka soo jeedo bakteeriyada.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in ka dib stress degdeg ah jireed, walwalka shucuureed, cunid ama uurka yar kordhin kartaa neutrophils ee dhiigga. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, dheelitirka ee unugyada dhiigga waa lay soo celiyey madax-bannaan.

Waa maxay cudurada keeni neutrophilia?

Kordhinta in neutrophils dhiigga waxa keeni kara:

• geeddi socodka bararka goosgoos ah ama guud in ay ahaayeen sababa caabuqyada ba'an ee bakteeriyadu keento;
• sarkhaan ah u shaqeeyo, taas oo saameyn ku dhuuxa lafta (lead, khamriga);
• geeddi socodka necrotic;
• burooyinka halista ah in kalana bax baxdo,
• tallaalka la soo dhaafay,
• bakteeriyo ah wanataas sunta u shaqeeyo oo aan cudurka si toos ah.

Marka neutrophils in baaritaanka dhiigga hoos u limfosaytis kordhay - waa calaamad u dambeeyey iyo daawayn karo cudurada faafa.

A hoos u tiro ka mid ah neutrophils dhiigga

Neutropenia (hoos u dhac tirada neutrophils ee dhiigga), taasoo muujinaysa Iscelin of shaqo hematopoietic ee dhuuxa lafaha. Noocan oo kale ah cudurada kartaa sababta saamaynta on leukocytes antibodies, sun walxaha iyo saamaynta wareegga of qaar difaaca kaxeynayo ee dhiigga. Inta badan hoos u neutrophils, waa natiijada luma difaac dabiici ah.

Neutropenia yeelan kartaa qaabab dhowr ah oo asal ahaan - asal ahaan cadda, helay ama lagu dhasho. In dhallaanka waa caadi neutropenia chronic benign. Ilaa 2-3 sano jir waxaa loo arkaa wax caadi ah, laakiin markaas heerka of neutrophils waa isku toosin iyo la kulmo heerarka aqbalay.

Waa maxay cudurada keeni hoos u dhac in fiirsashada of neutrophils?

Neutropenia caan ku yahay cudurada sida:

• Agranulocytosis (hoos u dhac af ee tirada unugyada);
• hypoplastic iyo dhiig aplastic;
• cudurada sababa cudurada protozoal (sida duumada, toksplazmoz);
• cudurada ay keento ku rickettsial (Harar);
• cudurrada faafa, wakiilada oo waa bakteeriya (brucellosis, tiifowga, laambiya);
• cudurada faafa dabiiciga ah, oo ay keenaan fayrasyo (jadeecada, rubella, influenza);
• guud geedi socodka faafa sababa caabuq daran ee jirka ku jira;
• hypersplenism (hoos u dhac tirada unugyada dhiigga sabab u raasamaal ee beeryarada balaartay ama burburinta deg deg ah ee unugyada);
• la'aanta miisaanka jidhka, daal (cachexia);
• gaadhista shucaaca ama radiation therapy,
• qaadashada qaar daawooyinka (sulfonamides, penicillin, chloramphenicol, analgesics iyo kuwa nudaha).

Neutropenia noqon karaa ku meelgaadh marka waxaa keena fayruska therapy caadiga ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, cudurada ku uma baahna daaweyn, iyo dacwadood dhiig soo kabsaday on iyaga u gaar ah ka dib markii uu ka saarida ee cudurka viral.

Haddii neutrophils hoos muddo dheer, taasi waxay muujinaysaa cudurada raaga nidaamka hematopoietic. Tani waxay ifafaale u baahan tahay qabashada degdegga ah ee dhakhaatiirta aqoon iyo Noqosho baaritaan taxadar badan iyo daaweyn wax ku ool ah.

Waxa la sameeyo haddii ay dhacdo of xadgudub nuutrofilkaagu heerarka?

Haddii ay dhacdo in waxqabadka neutrophils in dhiig loo baahan yahay in ay qaataan tallaabooyinka la mid ah sida isbedelka tirada unugyada dhiigga cad (si caadiga ah cunto maalin kasta, iska ilaali xidhiidhka dadka aadanaha).

Caadi ahaan, heerka caadiga ah ee neutrophils ee dhiigga ku jira ay sabab u helaan kaxeynayo vitamin iyo daroogada in la baabi'iyo karaa sababaha dheelitir la'aanta. Laakiin dhammaan ballamada leedahay in la sameeyo dhakhtar, is la aqbali karin!

Haddii xadgudubyada waxay ahaayeen sabab u therapy socda, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si uu u bedelo ama la baabi'iyo daawooyinka lagu cabudhinayo soo saarka ee neutrophils dhuuxa lafta. Neutrophils ee dadka waaweyn ayaa muujinaya sida ay xoog difaaca dabiiciga ah ee jidhka ah, sidaas darteed waxaa aad muhiim u ah si ay u ilaaliyaan heerka this ee caadiga ah iyo waqtiga si aad u bilowdo daawaynta loo baahan yahay.