Mongolia XIV B.

All reer guuraa ah oo ku nool otok dhulka waa ku tiirsanaanta dadka milkiilaha: suugaanta Mongoliyaan waxaa loo yaqaannaa "albatu" (macno ahaan, "canshuuro"). Waxa laga reebay inuu u dhaqaaqo mid ka mid ciidankii in kale.

class dhulgoosadka koobnaa abtirsan jiray, saraakiil sare iyo lamas sare ee Biyac Buddhist. sayidkaygiiyow kasta dhulgoosadka joogay dalkii hantida u ahaa labada Otok, ama mid ka mid ah albatu on dalalkan Otok. Class xoolo la dulmay, Kharachoy albatu (macno ahaan, "madow") ayaa la soo gudbin, shabinarami (macno ahaan, "Ardayda llamas, macalimiinta iyo waxbaridda Buddhist" - sarbeeb ah arats-Kharachoy, bandhigay amiirradii dhulgoosadka hadiyad ahaan lamas darajo sare) iyo addoommo (Bohol ).

Albatu sakhiray si ay dhiig-miirashada culus by milkiilaha. Qaybinta arats noyons xoolaha daaqsin ama u isticmaalaan in ay si toos ah u shaqeeyaan beeraha noyons ahaayeen wax caadi ah inta lagu jiro xilliga this. Isla arats sanad walba Noyon siiyey tiro cayiman oo ido la qalayo. Waxaa intaa dheer, Noyon albatu ka qaadaan ay fardo, dibi, gaadhi iyo waxyaabaha caanaha ururinta, vodka caano iyo dareemay in ururka dhacdooyinka ama guuritaan.

Arata qaadeen adeeg Yamskaya kibir gudahood, oo waxaa looga baahan yahay si ay u qabtaan in ololaha milatari ama u tagto ugaarsiga battue on call koowaad ee Noyon. Mongolia XIV in ...

In macnaha guud ee ku xasillooni iyo jahwareer taasoo ka dhalatay kala qaybsanaanta siyaasadeed ee dalka, noyonstvo loo baahan yahay si ka xoog badan diinta ay awowayaashood - shamanism, taageero dhinaca fikirka. taageerada noocan oo kale ah ay heleen in Budhiism. Saddexdii bilood ee la soo dhaafay oo ka mid ah XVI iyo XVII ee qeybtii hore. Budhiism si deg deg ah ku dhex Mongols Fidiyay noqday Leexin shamanism, oo taageero ka gobta awood badan. Inta lagu jiro qarnigii XVII ah. dalka oo dhan waxay ahaayeen daraasiin Biyac kumanyaal lamas.

Hay'adaha awoodda ahayd in qofka taliyaha dhaxlo ee Tumen ama otok. Taliye (edzhen) uu gar qaybshay xukun iyo ciqaab; Waxa uu sidoo kale cashuuraha aasaasay iyo waajibaadka, amray ciidan - ciidanka hantida. In uu gacmaha u ahayd tirada buuxda oo ciidamada, maamulka iyo masuuliyiinta maxkamadeed oo dhan.

Ka dib markii cayrinta ka Beijing Great Khan Toyon Temur (1333-1370) oo uu Ayushiridara (1370-1378), ilaalinta magaca Empire Yuan ah, isku dayayaan in ay soo ururiyaan xoog iyo si hayn inta kale ee gacmaha meelaha xuduudaha ay ee boqortooyada. Laakiinse ciidankii Minsk safaro joogta ah lagu sameeyo si Mongolia, jabiyay ciidankii reer Ayushiridary in Inchane in 1370 ciidamada ee boqortooyada ee la soo dhaafay Great Khan ee Togus-Tam-pa (1378-1388) ayaa waxaa adkaaday in 1388 130,000th ciidanka Ming.

Mongolia ee XIV.