Manor Rukavishnikova, Nizhny Novgorod. Maxaa si aad u aragto in Nizhny Novgorod

Maxaa si aad u aragto in Nizhny Novgorod, in Tilmaame-barayaashani waxay hadal faahfaahsan, Hanuuniyaa iyo qoraalo hay'adaha badan safarka. Mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu da'da weyn ee Yurub, soo jiitay dalxiisayaal badan oo dheeraad ah sannad kasta. History of Nizhny Novgorod waa mid aad u xiiso badan, gaar ahaan bogagga la xiriira baayacmushtarka ku socotay ah.

magaca caanka ah

Magac Rukavishnikov in Russia waa mid aad u fiican u yaqaan - lasiman millionaire, qorayaasha, gabayaaga, fanaaniin, iyo cir. In times Saarka waxaa jiray ugu yaraan laba guri ammaan si fiican u yaqaan, mid ka mid ah Nizhny Novgorod. Waxay ka tageen xusuus ma aha oo kaliya in suugaanta iyo tixraac buugaagta. Waxaa jiray a Rukavishnikova dubaan, qurux badan. Nizhny Novgorod in ay u dhow (in tuulada degmada Podvyaze Bogorodskoye) ayaa guryaha kale oo waxbay ushafeeci idanka magaca guri ammaan ah, taas oo sidoo kale halkaas tiir xusuus ah taariikheed iyo naqshadda. Sida iska cad, waxaa suurtagal ah in la qeexo, oo ku saabsan waxa ay dhab ahaan guri nagaadi ah ee su'aasha in parentheses tilmaamaya magaalada ama tuulada kuwaas oo waxaa ku yaalla.

"Laga soo bilaabo wasakh - hodantinimada"

Qoyskii Rukavishnikov ku saabsan Nizhny Novgorod, waxay bilaabeen la Michael G. (1811-1874), kuwaas oo ahaa Guild ganacsi aan qayb ka mid ah Guddiga Trustee-xabsiyada ku jiray. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu waxaa lagu abaal horyaalka sharaf of Manufactures-taliye, oo Dirk in VIII class in miiska Jannooyinka iyo siiyey amar ah ku abtirsan dhaxlo (Michael G. awoowe ahaa Serf ah oo fudud, kuwaas oo ka dhigay caasimadda hore ay sabab u tahay macaamiloon). Siiyay horyaalka of a saarka Ruush waaweyn iyo baayacmushtariyadii. Sida laga soo xigtay dadka kale, aasaasihii guri ammaan ahaa milkiilaha ugu horeysay ee magaaladan iyo weyn warshad birta dayn-percenter.

Waa danta

Sidaas darteed of noocan ah ay kala duwan dhaqdhaqaaqa isaga ugu 1740 deyman ka degay guri nagaadi ah Guild baayacmushtariga Serapion Vezlomtseva III ah, taas oo in waqtigeena waxaa loo yaqaan the-Museum estate Rukavishnikov. Nizhny Novgorod waa magaalada shanaad ee ugu weyn ee Russia, iyo kuwa wakhtigaas magaalada gobolka ma ahaa. baayacmushtariyaasha Novgorod xataa Guild III awoodi karin in ay leeyihiin guryaha, taas oo 37 sano ka dib ku noolaan doonaa qoyska ka mid ah magaalada hodan. Mid ka mid ah wiilashii, kuwaas oo u tagay inay ku raadkoodii aabbihiis, kuwaas oo Sergey Mihaylovich Rukavishnikov, isagoo aan ahayn oo kaliya millionaire ah, oo mid ka mid ah dadka ugu taajirsan dalka Ruushka, ay go'aansadeen in ay dhisaan gurigii, waxaa jeestay hoyga ah.

"Sida laga soo xigtay ganacsiga iyo wax soo saarka"

Ujeedada this, naqshadeeyaha ugu ayaa lagu casuumay Halgamayaal PS, oo ka St. Petersburg saaray artist MO Mikeshin, takhasuska ah ee xaafadaha design madaxtooyada. Ujeedada dhigay sayidyadiinna ah - inta badan ka si ay u muujiyaan iyo xoogga saaraan awoodaha iyo xooggii milkiilaha. baalashooda ku lifaaqan iyo dabaqa saddexaad dhisay gurigii hore waxay ahaayeen kuwo si loo xaqiijiyo helitaanka 50 qol, taas oo noqon doonta in ay ku noolaadaan qoys ka kooban 8 qof. Ujeedada ayaa lagu gaarey, tani waa guri nagaadi ah ku qararka sare Volga, oo loo yaqaan Finca Rukavishnikova (Nizhniy Novgorod) sanado badan (bandhigidda ka dhacay 1877) wuxuu noqday guriga ugu qurxoon ee magaalada, caanka ah meel ka durugsan ee gobolka Nizhny Novgorod.

Raaxada sida is-leeyahay

Palace uusan ka liita kuwa ku weheliyana caasimadda. Waxaa jiray wax kasta oo soo bixitaankii raaxada ah - jaranjarada marmar iyo Atlanteans ah, taageeridda balakoonka, deyrka leh oo il biyo ah oo iftimin ah, sii ka dhalanaya soo biiray ee dabaqa labaad ee daash dhagax laba dabaq ah. Aamino qurxiyey gargaarka sare (tiradaasi diyaarad u adeegaa in ka badan nus ka mid ah mugga) sanamkii caryatids wax taaj oo hodan ah iyo rinjiyeynta. Laga soo bilaabo madaxtooyada ee uu midabka hooyo iyo laba iyo midab, caddaan iyo buluug. Xitaa magaalada ka wada hadleen daacadnimada guud ahaan farshaxanka ee guri nagaadi ah, oo tayo sare bilicsanaanta of gudaha ah, gool horyalka Talyaaniga iyo qaninimo ee dhismaha, qaababka ay naqshadda. Marka la soo koobo, Rukavishnikov xaafadda (Nizhny Novgorod) noqday "hadal magaalada."

"Waxaan u tegi doonaa jidka kale ..."

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wiilashii Sergei Mikhailovich, Ivan iyo Mitrofan, kuwaas oo ku soo koray ee raaxo this, ma aha oo kaliya in ma raacina Waddooyinka aabbihiis (mid noqday qoraa, sculptor kale ah), tan iyo markii ugu horeysay oo iyaga ka mid, qoraaga symbolist iyo Abwaan, ku qoray sheeko ah "The habaara of panulirus ah", kaas oo noqday sida mid ka mid ah hadda waxay odhan lahaa, ku-iibinta ugu fiican oo u diiday, dalkii uu dhaxalka u million. Ivan Rukavishnikov waxaa loo tixgeliyaa ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu of Silver Age "sayidkiisa Triolet" (oo gabay ka mid ah sideedii Aayado on laba heesaha), iyo sidoo kale, in aan waa baayacmushtari. Walaalkiis Mitrofan, oo noqday sculptor caan ah, caanka ku ah xaqiiqada ah in si wadajir ah ula naqshado gaar Koltsov soo saaray tirooyinka ku malaastaan of Muses ee niches ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ka dib markii ay baabba 'ee 1942 ay sabab u tahay bambooyin ku dhacaan.

House-taallo

qoyska waxay u kala jabeen, oo gurigiina waxaa ka tagay, xitaa ma ku dhaawacmay kacaanka, iyo in 1924, guri nagaadi ah noqday dhaadhaca at museum Nizhny Novgorod gobolka iyo gacmaha mana ayna badalin. Haddii waxa la baxshay Nizhny Novgorod State Historical iyo Architectural Museum-Reserve. Years of perestroika lama tudhay by kooxdiisa - tan iyo 1994 in ka badan 16 sano guri nagaadi ah ayaa la xidhay. Haddaba, cajiib ah loo dayac tiray ee 2010, waxaa laga furay albaabada ay u soo booqda, iyo waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah jiidashada ugu weyn ee magaalada. Dadku waxay u wac Rukavishnikov Museum, maxaa yeelay, Mitrofan, iyo Ivan Sergeyevich sameeyey wax kasta oo ay kari waayeen in ay u furan 1896 (horeysay ee munaaraddii Dmitriev ee Kremlin). In ay hadda u habeysan oo dhan ay ammaan guri nagaadi soo celiyo waa adag oo ah mid aad u si fiican u sii raagayaan magaala wayn dubaan tirsan saddexaad ee ugu danbeysay ee qarnigii XIX ah. uruuriyaa Its tirin 300 kun oo nuqul, u ururay ka badan taariikhda ku dhowaad 100-sano ah, iyo 8 laamaha kala firdheen goobta.

"... Okay eh il dibada xun, iyo qaar ka mid ah iftiinka of mucjiso ah ..."

dubaan, waa Rukavishnikova (Nizhny Novgorod) waa xasuus ka mid ah baayacmushtariyaasha guul iyo - in qolalka qaar ka mid ah si joogto ah waa bandhig lagu magacaabo "digtoon lagu iyada Ganacsi ...." Dabcan, guryihii lahaa inay waafaqaan isbeddelkaas ee caasimada iyo meel milkiilaha ee bulshada. Bandhiga sheegayaa sheeko oo ka mid ah baayacmushtariyaasha ifka Novgorod iyo ganacsatada - Kamensky, Sirotkin iyo Rukavishnikov. baayacmushtariyaasha Ruush (gaar ahaan Novgorod) wuxuu ahaa caan ku tahay mar walba. Waxay ku gabyeen in epics ah (baayacmushtarka ku socotay ah halyeeyga Novgorod Sadko). Inta badan, baayacmushtariyaashii iyo kuwii diblomaasiyiinta booqday Horseedka ah (Athanasius Nikitin), inta badan Dhaaquut (Tretyakov, Morozov iyo Shchukin walaalo ah - oo dhan ka yimid baayacmushtariyaasha, ama "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee Dobroliubov).

Kale, hanti aan ka yarayn caan

Sida kor ku xusan, ee gobolka Novgorod ahaa guri nagaadi kale Rukavishnikov. Podvyaze - tuulo ku taala 15 km xarunta degmada ee Bogorodsk ah. sheekada iyada muuqaalka ugu danbeysay ee waa isku mid sida kuwa magaalada ka. "Taajir" Sergey Rukavishnikov iibsada guryaha Sidukiinta Priklonskii iyo waxa dib sida ay xaaladda iyo aragti. Laakiin waxaa soo baxay ma mar, laakiin kaliya ee 1879. Magac ahaan, tan iyo bilowgii qarnigii XVI lahaayeen in IAE boyars ah, ciidankii ugu horeeyay ee panulirus ku Priklonskii ahaa Mikhail Vasilievich, qarnigii XVIII ahaa agaasimaha University Moscow, Oo waxay sayidaddeedii ku dambeeyay (qof dumar ah oo aan waa miskiin, ninkeeda Kozlov tartami deriskiisa International) hubeeyaan diiday inay iska iibiso " sharaf buul "farcankaaga caadi ah.

wax qurux badan, daal ee sugaya dib u soo celinta

Manor Rukavishnikov (bogorodsky degmada) ma aha wax ka yar caan ka badan estate ee qararka sare Volga. Ammaan sharaf qoyska Ruush Priklonskii, ka mid ah waxa ay ahaayeen Decembrists ah, ay weli tahay taariikhda maguurtada ah, oo la yidhaahdo - Manor Priklonskii-Rukavishnikov. Sidaas daraaddeed, in sharaf of guushii ay ka gaareen Napoleon ee dhulka ka mid ah ka dibna-milkiilaha buulkeedii qoyska waxaa la dhisay Andreem Priklonskim caadi Orthodox rotunda macbudka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mulkiilaha cusub, idinkoo xusuusanaya cay Qabanay isaga, iyadoo uu howlgal caadiga ah ku dhowaad dhammaan dhisay. About ah dubaan, raaxo aan caadi ahayn ayaa sheegay in ugu yaraan xaqiiqda ah. Waxaa jiray afar koriyo, qalabaysan sida ay awoodaha ugu dambeeyay cilmiyeed iyo farsamo waqtiga. hinaasada ah derisyadaada oo dhan, gaar ahaan Fiisooyinka ee si fiican u yaqaan, breeder AV Portugalova halkan ku koray miraha iyo khudaarta inta badan aan caadi ahayn. Waxaas oo gaar ah oo heer sare ah (kuwaas oo loo arki karaa xitaa by Qoomaan sida hadhaagii iridda ugu weyn ee sida) guri nagaadi sugayo inuu soo kabashada.

page The Soviet

Intaa waxaa dheer in ay tirada halyeeyga baayacmushtariyaasha Rukavishnikov, halkaas badan oo dheeraad ah waxa ay u arkaan in Nizhny Novgorod waa waajib tahay. Daraasiin shay oo xiiso leh maalin booqday by kun oo dalxiisayaal ah. Tani House of Peter Great iyo "House Kashirina" ku tilmaamay in "Childhood" Gorky, Mikaa'iil Michael ee Cathedral iyo Novgorod Nizhny ee Kremlin, matxafyada ah waxgaradka Nizhny Novgorod iyo River Fleet, A. D. Saharova iyo Nizhny Novgorod Art. Waxaa jira taxadiri in Chkalov, Evstigneev, Minin iyo Pozharsky. Iyo, dabcan, in Novgorod Nizhny ee inta badan ay sabab u tahay Maxim Gorky, oo magiciisa la odhan magaalada xirtay 1932 ilaa 1990. "Under magaalada Gorky, halkaas oo Zorka cad ..." - xataa jiilka hadda jira waa la yaqaan leh line this ka song caan ah hal mar. Laakiinse waa u ammaan Novgorod Nizhny ee dalka gilgishay dheer ka hor dhalashada of qoraa proletarian weyn.

Goobta gaar ah

Waxaa jira wax ay u arkaan in Nizhny Novgorod - salaysan Yuri Vsevolodovich, Prince Vladimir, in 1221 sida a qalcado ee kulanka oo ka mid ah Volga iyo Oka ah, magaaladuna waxay ahayd qarniyo xarunta ugu weyn ee laga dukaamaysto ee Russia. Novgorod Fair ayaa noqday caan iyada oo da '- waxaa halkan waa in loo go'aamiyo qiimaha alaabta loo siman yahay. Faa'iidada oo muuqda oo ah magaalada ay sabab u tahay booska meesha (qaybta taariikhiga ah waxa uu ku yaalaa buuraha Dyatlov on, at cagta ee kaas oo ah Arrow - kulanka oo ka mid ah Volga iyo Oka) waa noocyada a of Panorama ee. Review of height 80-meter waxay fursad si ay u bogi aragtida gaar ah, ugu fiican kuwaas oo la furo gudaha Kremlin iyo ka "Alley of Love", oo ku yaalla hareeraha wareega, iyadoo kor ku qararka sare Volga iyo "Switzerland" ee park ee. Magaalo qurux badan. About this, ku dhawaad 800 oo sano, taariikhda iyo u sheeg badan oo soo jiidashada leh in Nizhny Novgorod. Picture in tiro badan oo matalayay ilo kala duwan, ma Halmaameen dhinac kasta oo magaaladan halyeeyga iyo quruxdiisa gaboobay iyo casriga tusi ka xaglo kala duwan.