Leh Valensa: Biography, qoyska, hawlo siyaasadeed, abaalmarinta

Leh Valensa (dhashay 09/29/43 in Popowo, Poland) - dhaqdhaqaaqe kuwaas oo qaab ka caawiyay oo uu hogaaminayo (1980-90), ururka ugu horeysay ee madax banaan ganacsiga ee Polish ah communist "Solidarity". Hogaamiyaha burjiga malaayiin shaqaalaha Polish noqday madaxweynaha (1990-95). In 1983 wuxuu helay Nobel Peace Prize.

Leh Valensa: Biography

Inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ku qabsadeen Poland Walesa aabbihiis Boleslav dhalashada Lech ka hor inta uu interned in xerada shaqada , iyo in 1945 dhintay daal oo helay garaaca ka hor inta ay ka gaaraan 34 sano. Oo hooyadiis, Felix saamayn weyn ku wiilkiisa. Oo wadaadku maxalliga ah iyada xusuustaa sida a "naag caqli lahu yimaado."

Walesa ahaa arday xumo ee dugsiga kaniisadda, ka dibna dugsiga gobolka xirfadeed ee Lipno, halkaas oo uu ku takhasusay koronto qalin. C 1961 in 1965 uu ka shaqeeyay xarunta adeegga gaadiidka.

Mudo laba sana ah ayuu soo shaqeeyay ciidanka ka, halkaas oo uu ka helay darajo ee jirka.

korontada deked markab

In 1967, Leh Valensa shaqeeya sida koronto yaqaan at deked markab weyn bilaabay. Lenin ee Gdansk. In 1970 uu goob joog rabshado cuntada lagu jiro taas oo bilayska lagu dilay dhowr dibad. Marka dibad cusub ka dhanka ah hoggaanka communist ee Poland bilaabay in 1976, wuxuu u muuqday sidii dhaqdhaqaaqa ururka shaqaalaha dawladda ka soo horjeeda, taasoo keentay in shaqada laga badiyay.

Bishii Agoosto 1980, marka deked markab Gdansk la qasbeen in ay dibad-baxyo, ay sababtay qiimaha cuntada bararka Leh Valensa markey Mixraabka ugu deedka ku biiray shaqaalaha ee shirkada, wuuna doortay madaxa guddiga shaqo joojinta, awood u leeyihiin inay wada hadal la galaan madaxda deked markab ah.

3 maalmood ka dib dalabaadka ayaa laga aqbalay, laakiin markii shaqaalaha duwanyihiin at dhirta kale ee Gdansk Lech codsaday in ay sii wadaan weerarka, kolkiiba ayuu ku heshiiyeen. Waxa uu hogaaminayo ay weerar interplant, isu keeno shirkadaha ee gobolka of Gdansk-Sopot-gdynia. Guddigu wuxuu horey dhowr ah oo dalbaday siyaasadeed geesi, oo ay ku jiraan xaq u leeyahay inuu ku dhufan iyo formation of ururada ganacsiga xorta ah, oo wuxuu naadiyey joojin guud. Cabsanaya fallaago ah oo caan ah, maamulka communist ayaa laga dhaliyay baahida ugu weyn ee shaqaalaha, iyo August 31, waxaa la kala saxiixday heshiis iyaga siiyey xaq u leeyihiin inay si xor ah oo madax banaan loo abaabulo. saxiixii waxaa ka soo qeyb Mechislav Yagelsky, Ra'iisul wasaare ku-xigeenka koowaad ee Poland, iyo Leh Valensa. Biography ah hogaamiyaha dhaqdhaqaaqa ururka shaqaalaha ayaa mar kale beddelay: way bogsatay in deked markab Gdansk iyo madax Commission Coordination Qaranka.

midnimo

Marka, ay jawaab u heshiiskan la taaban karo oo ku saabsan 10 million shaqaalaha Polish iyo beeraleyda ku biiray ururada shaqaalaha gobaleedka, guddiga joojinta Interfactory waxaa loo beddelaa Federation Qaranka ee Ururrada Shaqaalaha la Walesa sida Guddoomiye iyo Wakiilka Sare. Bishii Oktoobar, ee "Solidarity" ururka shaqaalaha waxaa si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay dowladda Polish, hogaaminayo Federation iyo Lech ah oo mitid ah maamulka, ku koobnayn awoodda faragalin military ee Soviet.

Leh Valensa: Nobel Prize

guul Federation cadaato raaxaystaan. Bishii December 1981 dowladda Poland ayaa hoos geliyo sharciga legdinta, "Solidarity" waxaa mamnuucay iyo inta badan oo hoggaamiyayaashoodii ah lagu xiray, oo ay ku jiraan Leh Valensa, kuwaas oo Biography ku hodanaynta sano oo xabsi ah. isaga & Elche ee 1983 Nobel Peace Prize ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyey dowladda Polish. Cabsanaya masaafuriyey rabin, ayuu ku hadhay Poland, iyo naagtiisii, Danuta Walesa, u baxay inuu Oslo, Norway, si ay u aqbalaan abaalmarinta on magiciisa ku hadlaya.

guushii doorashada

Sida hogaamiyaha dhaqdhaqaaqa dhulka hoostiisa "Solidarity", Walesa waxaa la hoos geliyey dhibaatayn joogto ah ilaa markii sida daraysa kale ee xaaladaha dhaqaale, iyo mawjad cusub oo xasillooni shaqada ee 1988 lagu qasbay dowladda Polish ma in ay ka doodaan isaga iyo madaxda kale ee ururka kula. Ay sabab u ahayd heshiis, taas oo loo cusboonaysiinayo sharci ah "Solidarity" oo loo asteeyay doorashada lacag la'aan ah tiro kooban oo meelo ku soo celiyay guriga sare ee baarlamaanka. Bishii June 1989, dhaqdhaqaaqa ayaa helay tirada ugu badan ee meelahan, iyo ka dib Walesa diiday soo jeedinta ah inuu soo dhiso xukuumad isbahaysi la Communists ah, baarlamaanka ayaa lagu qasbay in la ansixiyo Golaha Wasiirada Wasiirrada hoos imaanaya hoggaanka "Solidarity", inkasta oo uu diiday in uu noqdo hogaamiyaha, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha.

Head of state

In 1989, Walesa caawisay saaxiibkii ururka uu Tadeusz Mazowiecki noqon League ee dawladda, laakiin ku dhawaaqay inuu yahay musharrax isaga ka gees ah Madaxweynaha sanadkii 1990 ku guuleystay toos ugu horeysay doorashada madaxtinimada ee Poland aqlabiyad baaxad weyn.

Sida Madaxweynaha Polish Walesa ka caawiyay in la qabto doorashooyinka baarlamaanka oo lacag la'aan ah 1991 iyo ka qeyb qaatay isbeddel ah ee dhaqaalaha dalka in suuqa xorta ah. Waxa uu i tusay farsamooyin siyaasadeed cajiib ah hogaamiye ka mid ah "Solidarity", laakiin su'aal fudud, style hor imaad iyo diidmada yareeya xayiraado adag ee ilmo iska soo ridid ku hoos uu caan dhamaadka muddada xafiiska. In 1995, uu ka qayb-galay doorashada, laakiin waxaa adkaaday communist hore Aleksandra Kvasnevskogo, oo madax ka ah Isbahaysiga Left Dimuqraadiga. Mar labaad Walesa madaxweynenimo u tartamay sannadkii 2000, laakiin heshay oo kaliya tiro yar oo codad ah. In 1997 wuxuu aasaasay oo madax xisbi siyaasadeed "Christian Democracy III Republic of Poland."

Ka bixitaanka siyaasadda

Sidaas darteed of guuldaradii of 2000 Walesa ku dhawaaqay inuu ka fariistay siyaasadda. Ka dibna, wuxuu ku Nagi inta badan waqtigiisa ka shaqeeya machadka magiciisa ku, oo uu aasaasay 1995 si ay u faafiyaan macluumaad ku saabsan guulaha ah "Solidarity", kor u qaado horumarka of dimuqraadiyadda iyo dhismaha bulshada rayidka ee Poland iyo dunida oo dhan.

Bishii Agoosto 2006, Walesa ayaa ku dhawaaqay inuu ka ururka shaqaalaha madax banaan fariistay ka cabanaya taageerada xisbiga talada haya "Xuquuqda iyo garsoorka» (PIS), iyo sidoo kale Lech iyo Yaroslava Kachinskih, walaalaha mataanaha, kuwaas oo mar lagu qabtay meel caan ku ah "Solidarity "oo noqday madaxweynaha iyo ra'iisul-wasaaraha, siday u kala horreeyaan. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, ururka ayaa qariib ah oo isaga si uu u noqdo, waxa uu ahaa Epoch kale, dhibaatada ayaa isbedelay, dadkana. Gaar ahaan, wuxuu ka soo horjeeda ka kaxayntu ay Kaczynski dadka ee la xidhiidha dawladdii hore ee communist oo isku dayaysa in ay daabacaan liisaska shaqaalaha PIS-Zaman booliska qarsoodi ah, Poland.

Tan iyo 2004, waxaa ka shaqeeya garoonka Gdansk Lech Wałęsa. Khaanadaha iyo jidadka magacaabay in sharaf of hogaamiyihii hore ee "Solidarity", waxay ku yaalaan Maraykanka, Canada iyo France. In 2009 wuxuu ahaa taallo in Alley ee ku guuleysatay Polish Nobel Prize.

In 1981, "Time", wuxuu noqday Pole ugu horeeyay ee lagu Abaal horyaalka ee "Man of the Year" magazine. From Queen Elizabeth II Gacmo Leh Valensa waxaa la guddoonsiiyey horyaalka ee sharafeedka Member of Order ee Bath ah. Sidoo kale abaal amar badan iyo bilado dalalka shisheeye, in H. Madaxweynaha Bilad Vol. Oo ka mid ah Freedom United States, Faransiis Legion of Honor, Order ee "Merit Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga", Amarka Swedish ah seraafiim, Order deenishka ah ee Maroodiga, Order Finland ee White Rose ah, Order reer Portugal of Liberty iyo Infante ku Dona Enrike, Order Norway ee St. Olav, Order Yukreeniyaan of Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo, Order Czech libaaxa White, Amarka "Waayo Merit ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ah ee Germany", Amarka reer Chile ee Merit, op ka Istooniyaan ene Cross Mary Land, bilad UNESCO iyo kuwa kale.

nolosha Personal

November 8, 1969 Leh Valensa guursaday Danuta Golos. Lamaanahan ayaa lahaa 8 carruur ah: Bogdan (1970), Slawomir (1972), Przemyslaw (1974), Jaroslav (1976), Magdalena (1979), Anna (1980), Maria-Victoria (1982) iyo Brigid (1985). Yaroslav Valensa sidoo kale noqday siyaasi oo xubin ka ahaa baarlamaanka ee 2005-2009, iyo in 2009 waxaa loo doortay in Baarlamaanka Yurub.

Sannadkii 2008, Lech Walesa lagu sameeyey stenting halbowlaha wadnaha iyo pacemaker rakibay.

wakiilka Bolek

Tobaneeyo sano, madaxweynihii hore ee Poland, ayaa lagu eedeeyay in xaqiiqda ah in 1970 uu ahaa xog ah adeeg qarsoon communist, in kasta oo ay dibad soodajiyo iyo go'aanka maxkamadda gaarka ah ee 2000, waxa daynayo of eedeeyay iskaashi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Crore ku xeeran eedaymahaas u sara kacay 2008. Markaas buugga waxaa la daabacay, geesi la ciyaaray Leh Valensa. Hogaamiyaha ururka Biography waxaa kaabaya xaqiiqooyinka taas oo muujinaysa in ka 1970 si ay u 1976, uu ka shaqeeyay sida adeegyada ammaanka operative hoos codename ku Bolek. Arrinta loo sara kiciyey bishii February 2016, markii Institute of Xuska Qaranka, loogu talagalay in ay baaraan Zaman Nazi iyo shuuciga ee Poland, ka baxeen carmalka ah Wasiirkii hore ee arrimaha gudaha ee qalabka ka, sida uu sheegay oo Walesa ahaa warbixiye ah ee adeegyada ammaanka. Waxyaabaha kale, waxaa la helay in ay iskaashi la Golaha Ammaanka, rasiid lacag, arrin gaar ah iyo warbixino ku saabsan wakiilka qarsoodi iskaashiga Bolek wuxuu gacanta ku dhigay. Leh Valensa qudhiisa diiday jaaniska ah siidaayay of waraaqaha oo soo jeediyay in ay jiraan kasoo muuqan kari lahaa wax lagu qoro wareegeen isaga ka inta lagu guda jiro raadinta.