Human Hidaha iyo Caafimaadka

Hidaha sida sayniska ah asalkiisu ka soo jeedo ee horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad, iyo 50 sano ayaa la kulmay koritaanka aad u daran. Human genetics - Tani waa qaybta ee sayniska in waxbarashada dhismeedka of aadanaha dadka, gaar ahaan hiddo iyo dhaxlo cudurada. Tani nin cilmiga sayniska ee kelli, gacanta, biogeochemical, organismal, dadweynaha iyo heerarka biochorological.

genetics Human ula xidhiidha dawada iyo cilmiga aadanaha. genetics Medical ayaa baranayay astaamaha gudbinta cudurrada la iska dhaxlo iyo ab ka ab, doorka hiddo in noocyo kala duwan oo heley aadanaha, tusaale ahaan, cudurada la iska dhaxlo (cilladaha, cudur, doorsoon, iyo wixii la mid ah.) sidoo kale horumarinta Baadhista xanuunada, ka hortagga iyo daweynta heley in oo ay ku jiraan cudurada cabista dhaxlo. Himilada - in ay si deg deg ah loo aqoonsado carruurta jiran iyo talooyin ballan ah ee ay daaweynta, iyo in uu yahay mid aad u muhiim ah in la ogaado sidayaal of cuduradan (mid ka mid ah waalidka). Anthropogenetics waxbarashada tirayn iyo hiddo ka mid ah Calaamooyinkiisa caadiga ah ee jidhka bini'aadamka.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in genetics aadanaha waa meel yar ee sayniska, cilmiga sannadihii la soo dhaafay uu bilaabay in uu ilxidhka kor u yar waxa qarsoon ee balliga hiddo aadanaha. Hidaha iyo Caafimaadka Human xiran, iyo sayniska ayaa la ogyahay dhowr kun oo cudurro, hidaha xaqiiqda, 100% iyadoo ku xiran genotype ee shakhsiga ah. The ugu cabsi badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa loo arkaa galactosemia, cystic acid ganaca (cystic fibrosis), phenylketonuria, hypercholesterolemia, homogentisuria, Downs syndrom, Turner, Klinefelter, iyo sidoo kale noocyada kala duwan ee cretinism iyo hemoglobinopathies. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira cuduro in ay ku xiran tahay deegaanka iyo genotype iyo macaanka, rheumatic iyo kansarrada qaarkood, cudurada wadnaha wadnaha, cudurka boog caloosha iyo mindhicirka, schizophrenia iyo qaar ka mid ah cudurka kale ee maskaxda. Markaas dhakhaatiirta si gaar ah muhiim in la fahmo sida loo codsado xogta decrypted in daaweyn jiray, iyo ugu muhiimsan - in ka hortagga cuduro badan oo la iska dhaxlo.

Hidaha jinsi nin - taasi waa qaybta genetics in daraasaad doorka hab hiddo, iyo sidoo kale kala duwanaanshaha hidaha ee go'aan galmada. Horumarka degaanka ayaa suurto ka hortagga iyo daaweynta waqtiga cudurrada la iska dhaxlo.

daawo Modern iyo genetics caafimaad waxaa had iyo jeer u janjeedha inay ka hortaga cudurada la iska dhaxlo. Dhalmada (dhalmada) Baadhista - waa baaritaan lagu ogaanayo ilmaha caloosha inta ay uurka leedahay si ay u aqoonsadaan cilladaha ay hidde. Si si ay u qiimeeyaan horumarka intrauterine of uurjiifka, isticmaalaan kala duwan hababka baaritaanada hooyada: baaritaanka ultrasound, baaritaan dhiig lagmamaarmaanna, hemostasiogram, cardiotocography, iyo kuwa kale.

meesha ugu horeeysa ka mid ah hababka ka hor dhalashada ilmaha si loo baadho cudurka qaadataa amniocentesis ah. Habka wuxuu ka kooban yahay in loo helo unugyada dheecaan iyo uurjiifka amniotic by dalool (hoos hanuun ultrasound) xuubka. Waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad si loo baadho cudurada qaar iyo Cudurka koromosoomyada, oo ku salaysan - Isbedelo hiddo. cudurka noocan oo kale ah waxaa gabi ahaanba lagula talinayaa dhammaan haweenka uurka leh.

Horumarka sayniska iyo farsamada sakhiray dadka casri ah loo isticmaalo in lagu lshim khatarta la xiriirta tirayn allifey badan ku sameeyey muddada hore ee dhismaha iyo horumarinta ee ilbaxnimada aadanaha. Kiimikada, jirka, iyo arrin ay suurtogal tahay, mutagens noolaha laga yaabaa in mustaqbalka lagu qaado khatar aad u daran in ay qaab-dhismeedka hidaha ee dadka.

genetics aadanaha si cad u muujinaysaa in ay tahay gabi ahaanba dhammaan jinsiyadaha kala duwan, ka soo dhibic noolaha of view, waa u siman yihiin oo ay leeyihiin fursado loo siman yahay ee ay horumarka, qeexay xaaladaha dhaqan-taariikheed, ma hidaha.