Gaari Amphibious Vaz-2122. Vaz-2122: farsamada khaaska, sawiro

sheeko ku saabsan yahay daydo sida yaabka leh sida Vaz 2122, waa in aan bilaabo xaqiiqada ah in uu u qalmo fiiro gaar ah. Ayado ah guuxayay baabuurta Midowga Soviet Abuuray badan oo mashaariic xiiso leh boggle caasinimada. Tiro badan oo baarka tijaabo la sifooyinka aan la qiyaasi karo oo qaab siiyey rajo guulo dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan wuxuu soconayaa - waa laga reebo lahayn. gaari Amphibious ayaa la siiyey badan oo dareenka. A Vaz-2122 (photo waxaa ka mid ah lagu soo bandhigay in our article) ayaa si hufan loogu talagalay in ay ka gudbaan dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee dalka iyo biyo caqabado.

"The warshadaha baabuurta Ruush - doqon iyo arxan"

Waa weedh inta badan aad maqli karo ma aha oo kaliya ka afka darawallada, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa abid ma ka fool wadista baabuurta aadan. Inta badan weedhahan ku xidhan yahay shuqullada AvtoVAZ. On macquul ah "sababta?" Waxaa jira versions badan oo kala duwan jawaabaha.

Dadka qaar ma jecla muuqaal u eg ka qof - midigta ama ka shaqeynayaan loo baahnayn. Dad badan oo ka caban ku saabsan kalsoonida yar, iyo xitaa dhaqan casri ah "BPAN», Sound Cod dheer iyo sida guud ahaan keeni duufaan weyn oo dareenka, mararka qaar wanaagsan, oo inta badan aad u xun. Imisa qof - fikrado badan oo. Laakiin ha iloobin in aanay had iyo jeer gaari Volga ahaa sidaas caajis iyo nooca la mid ah, iyo baabuurta ay halkan soo saaray dura waqti gaar ah, sii wadaan in ay furato ilaa maantadan la joogo.

Sida ay u dhan bilaabay

Iyada oo furitaanka warshadda Volga baabuurta milatariga waxaa jiray xiiso weyn u abuurista ah gaadiidka ciidanka off-road, si loogu isticmaalo xaalado adag. Marka hore, fikrad ah ee horumarinta model ah Vaz 2122 lama ay taageerayaan maamulka dhirta ee.

Tallaabadan ayaa ugu horeysay ee dhinaca qorshaynta tusaale ahaan this bilaabay dabayaaqadii 1970. Markaasaa samaynta iyo qorsheeya jiray ee la baray inay sahamiyaan rajada suuqa baabuurta ciidanka iyo SUVs, iyo sidoo kale natiijada dambe ee koorsada colaadaha military ee Bariga Dhexe iyo Vietnam. Oo dhan lagu daydo la heli karo waxaa lagu soo xulay International -yaasha, Ford M151, iyo sidoo kale gudaha Oise, ma serial oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale rajo.

The horumar ugu horeysay

amphibious gaari oo dhan-dhul tijaabo Vaz-2122 "River" waxaa markii hore lagu soosaaray hindisaha geedka oo maamula mashruuca Peter Prusov. qorshaha ugu weyn ahaa in la abuuro gaari ciidan loo adeegayaa. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, military si deg deg ah lagu sameeyo codsiga, taas oo uu tilmaamay suurtagalnimada gudbeen caqabado biyaha, ma aha oo kaliya on giraangirihiina, laakiin sidoo kale sabbaynaya.

Horraantii 1971, Yuri Danilov soo bandhigay sawirka ugu horeysay faahfaahsan gaari amphibious. Marka 1972 post ee naqshadeeye mashruuca loo magacaabay A. Eremeev, wuxuu bilaabay dhismaha khariidad-buuxa ah. hudsovet noocan oo kale ah oo la soo bandhigay sanadkii 1974 ka dibna ansixiyay. Dibadda, ka Vaz-2122 marka hore, kuwaas oo sawiro laga arki karaa article uusan muujin dabeecaddeeda natatorial. Xaqiiqada ah in gaariga u ekaa SUV ah caadi, awoodin in ay wadaan biyaha on.

la mid ah ayaa la Vaz-2121 "Nivå" ah

Tan iyo model la dhisay ee 2122 ku salaysan faragelintii "Nivå", kala dibadda ka progenitor in lafdhabarka ma ay si halis ah. Dabcan, a yar oo size sii kordhaya ay sabab u tahay qaabka gaarka ah ee jirka. Laakiin Walxaha farsamada ayaa ku hadhay shiidaa iska beddelin - awooda engine mid ah 1,58 gear litraii in yar kordhay ratio marsho ah labada ugu muhiimsan, kaas oo ahaa si siman u 4,78.

Baahnayn in la sheego, jirka ahaa xoogaa casriyeeyey, waxa uu ahaa cad, inta badan ah oo ku saabsan underside ee gaariga. Si aad u difaaco ingress rabin of qoyaan u qanjidhada muhiim jiifku, gudbinta iyo engine, iyo sidoo kale horumarka siman biyaha on, hoose ee model ah Vaz 2122 ka dhigay guri oo gebi ahaanba laga shaabadeeyey. Dabcan, waxa aan ku gudbin lama dareemo by qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka la xiriira cutubyo kululaado.

E2122 - baarka ugu horeysay

Sidaas daraaddeed, 1976 labada prototypes marka hore la sameeyey. Ka dib oo dhan diyaar garowga loo baahan ayaa bilaabay tijaabooyin ay duurka. Waxa ugu horreeya ee ay ahayd la yaab leh - permeability. Xataa ka dib kororka baaxadda iyo culayska oo dhan, gaariga si ammaan ah ay ka gudbaan wax caqabad on heerka dhulka ee jiibab ah, sida, tusaale ahaan, UAZ.

caqabadaha iyo biyo ha caqabad ku noqotey in aan guul darreysan karaa in ay ka farxiyaan. Vaz-2122 (dhammaan dhul taxane horeysay amphibious) ahayd arrin wanaagsan, marka laga reebo hal. In view of hoose ee u xiran yihiin bilaabay si ay u muujiyaan darrada ee qaboojinta qaybaha engine iyo gudbinta. Sidaas darteed - kululaado oo jaba lama filaan ah. Yaynana kolna horumar cusub, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan arkay iftiinka taxane labaad ee qalabka.

2E2122 - shaqada on cayayaanka ah

1978 muujiyeen natiijooyinka shaqo buuxda on mashruuca. laba prototypes ayaa soo saaray mar kale, taas oo sida muuqata ku hadhay shiidaa iska beddelin. feature ugu weyn ee muraayadaha steel, ka Kamaz amaahatay. Bilaabay in 1979, imtixaanka, nasiib daro, waxay muujiyeen in dhibaatada cutubyo kululaado hadhay ee heer la mid ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, model gudbinta Vaz 2122 isma hor taagi ugu rarataan culaysyo abuuray dagaalka iyada. Sababta ugu weyn ee daamanka jiifay beddelo saamiga marsho oo ka mid ah labada nin-wheel. Sidaas darteed - mashruuca ay u yimaadaan inay rajo beel ah.

Si looga hortago ayna tallaabo lagama maarmaan ahayd nidaaminta faahfaahsan gear ah, taas oo macnaheedu yahay kartaa faraqa a dabcan midoobidda la "Nivå". On this more qaali ah, oo ay leeyihiin lahaa si loo fududeeyo dhismaha oo dhan si loo yareeyo load on qaybaha ugu muhiimsan iyo kiniisadaha. Isbeddelladan si weyn lagu wareero ama dalbanayaan macaamiisha. Laakiin August 27, 1981 waxaa loo ogolaaday horumarinta si dheeraad ah keeni mashruuca in ay nolosha.

3E2122 - dhiska caalamiga ah

Ka hor inta sii daayo ee saamiga saddexaad ee isbedel caalamiga ah ayaa lagu fuliyay, mahad oo ay gaari Vaz-2122 helay xaq u leeyahay in uu sii horumariyo. Isbedel ayaa loogu tala galay in la kordhiyo xasiloonida ee qaab-dhismeedka oo dhan oo dhan-dhul amphibious. In 1982 yimid prototypes ugu horeeyay, taas oo ay ahaayeen wax ka yar hore ee size.

overhang Rear dhimay ilaa 100 mm. Dhab ahaantii, dhinacyada ku noqday dhigma Vaz-2121 "Nivå", iyo shaagga lagu rakibay on the "calaamad aan dhiman ee warshadaha ee baabuurka Ruush." Labada ciyaaryahan Main ayaa sidoo kale beddelay, waxa siinta ratio marsho ah loo siman yahay si 4,44. Waxaa intaa dheer, in qalbi leh macaamiisha ah ayaa si uu u yareeyo payload of 360 kg ilaa 400 kg, iyo mugga guud ee taangiga shidaalka waxaa laga soo dhimay 80 litir halkii 120 hore wax tar iyo yareynta in dhumucda iyo height of biraha ka kaas oo ka dhigay soo go'ay ee.

3E2122: natiijooyinka baaritaanka

beddelid saddexaad uma uu samayn sidii dheeraad ah guul u beddelmi karin. Kula heshiiyey macaamiisha engine bedelka on awood yar (Vaz-21011), mugga a of 1.3 litir, ayaa u ogolaaday ah isku halaynta weyn ee mashiinka a. reducer A weeraryahanka Kalimadii buriyay ka baxsan jirka ugu weyn, taas oo weli ahaa sida hawadu ee suurtogalka ah. Iyo iyadoo la kordhinayo hiitarka qaboojinta taageere, oo intaa ku daray tilmaanta labaad ee kordhay kiiska kala iibsiga qaboojinta.

All tabo cusub kuwaas oo ka caawiyey si ay ula qabsadaan darrada horaysa, iyo imtixaanada gaari Vaz-2122, sooc ah oo waqtiga dhaafay oo dhan laga filayo, isaga qudhiisu si fiican u tusay.

Patency on dhulka iyo biyaha, waxa aan la xumaatay in kastoo hoos u dhac ah ee mugga of engine iyo a giraangiraha dhexroor yar yar. Barnaamijku wuxuu complete baaritaan la sameeyay oo ku saabsan dhulka ee Turkmenistan ee baas cidla ah oo buurta ku Pamir ah. Waxaa kale oo dhan-dhul gaariga si fiican badbaaday.

400 Taxanaha - marxaladda afraad ee horumarinta

In 1983, saddex shay-baarka tirooyin xilsaaray PT-401 ayaa waxaa la aasaasay oo ku saleysan-qarnigooda saddexaad u Taxanaha 2122, 402 iyo 403, siday u kala horreeyaan. Waxa ay si gaar ah loo diyaariyey imtixaanada heerka gobolka.

In ka badan lix bilood ayaa ka soo wareegtay oo dhan cayn kasta oo baaritaano noocyo ka mid ah fogaanshaha qorrax ka mid ah 30 000 km, sabbaynaya joogi muddo ka badan 50 saacadood. Dhamaadka guddiga gobolka ayaa soo gabagabeeyey in gaari Vaz-2122 (sabayn "Field") waxaa lagu tijaabiyey on shuruudaha aasaasiga ah, laakiin sidoo kale buuxiyey shuruudaha heerarka gobolka iyo warshadaha, TTP iyo warqadaha kale ee farsamo.

Intaa waxaa dheer, weedha ah la joogo, sida ay taas, gaari la talinayaa in wax soo saarka serial iyo ansaxinta. Waxay ahayd lagama maarmaan in la saxo oo kaliya biriiga halaynta ku filnayn at sare sare, tan sare ah xad sare (4000 m heerka badda iyo ka sareeya) karkariyo dheecaan jejebiyey at cadaadis hoose.

Taxanaha 500 iyo 600 - tabo cusub oo yar

1985 ayaa waxaa ay astaan u sii daayo qarnigii 5aad ee tijaabooyinka imtixaanka. Dhammaan comments on 4-taxane ah ayaa la tixgeliyey, oo wuxuu arkay iftiinkii oo dheeraad ah 10 nuqul oo ka mid ah-Vaz 2122, sifooyinka farsamo oo noqday suurtagal ah si ay u hirgeliyaan dhammaan xaaladaha cimilada iyo deegaanka.

Sida laga soo xigtay warar aan la xaqiijin, 5 (ama 6) ka mid ah baabuurta kuwanu waxay ahaayeen in adeegga cutubyo ciidamada kala duwan oo ku shaqeeya ciidanka. The haray 4 baabuur ku hadhay on dhirta ee imtixaanada iyaga u gaar ah.

Sidaas darteed, ra'yi-celin wanaagsan oo kaliya ka militariga, oo ay weheliso xiiso weyn oo ugaarsato iyo kaluumaysato si mucjiso this of technology injineernimada heysta ballankii for model-soo-saarka serial. Barnaamijku wuxuu complete imtixaanka ayaa keentay in Guddiga State mar kale ku talinaynaa amphibious gaari oo dhan-dhul wax soo saarka mass 1986. Iyo 1987 ayaa waxaa ay astaan u sii daayo oo ka mid ah saddex nuqul oo taxane lixaad kaas oo qaar ka mid ah tabo cusub ee injineerada warshadda ayaa laga fuliyay.

baabuur Ruuxa

Inkastoo ay guul weyn of model ah, iyo warcelin kaliya positive guud ahaan si ay u qorsheeyaan-soo-saarka yar-yar oo aan bilaabay. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in dhamaadka imtixaanka field of taxane 6aad ee ciidanka aan loo baahnayn in Taliyaha sabayn shirkadda baabuur, oo lagama maarmaan u ah bilowga ee wax soo saarka ee 6 million rubles ayaa dhib in ay kor u soo tiriya qolo ee gobolka iyo AvtoVAZ.

Mashruucu wuxuu ahaa xidhan oo baabuur ku galay muuqasho jeestay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in shaybaar ay dhawaan weli ka jiraan, laakiin waa in matxafyada kala duwan. Vaz-2122, sawir kuwaas oo hadda ku jira - mid ka mid ah xusuusinta ee la soo dhaafay isaga, noqday aan fuliyay riyadii taageerayaal badan oo xamaasad leh mashruuca.

In gacmaha milkiilaha casriga ah

Mid ka mid ah tijaabada 6 Taxanaha, ka dib markii mashruuca u soo jeestay, wuxuu ahaa in gacmaha mid ka mid ah abuurka iyo wax soo saarka maamulayaasha ah "River." Thanks to aragnimada helay muddo sannado ah ee horumarinta, Valery Domanski soo celiyey Vaz-2122 "sabayn Nivå".

Sharaxaad ku saabsan tusaale ahaan this qaadan karaa noocyo kala duwan oo pages daabacan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhammaan this waxaan u baahan nahay iftiimin kaliya waqti marka amphibian ayaa weli leedahay Valery (hadda ee Museum of OJSC "AvtoVAZ" farsamo). Ka hor inta suuqa kala iibsiga si toos ah u gaari show ah, waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay fuulaan saxafiyiinta ah "Auto Review", kuwaas oo aad u macaaneyd ayaa tayada aan la rumaysan karin oo ka mid ah awoodaha shirka iyo qalab yimid. Waxaa laga baran karo dib u eegista, in dhulka mishiinka u dhaqmo sida caadiga ah "Nivå", laakiin markii Vaz-2122 bilaabo ay "sabayn", waxa uu leeyahay siman lahayn. All-dhul amphibious dhammaataan guulaysta biyo ma aha oo kaliya taagan, laakiin sidoo kale socodka oo webi. Ka dib markii la doortay "biyo qalalan" dhaqdhaqaaqa sidoo kale sii on dalka oo aan wax dhib. In eray, ma baabuur - riyo!

A yar oo ku saabsan murugo

Nasiib darro, qaybtan oo ah suuqa baabuurta ma la oran karo waa ka barta of view of Misbaax macaamilka. Xidhan la soo bandhigay galay wax soo saarka, qalab waxay ahayd rajo weyn oo rajo taageerayaal badan oo dhuun daloola ugaarsiga iyo kalluumeysiga. Inkastoo xaddiga yar ee xoog, laakiin karoos fiican nooca ciidda kasta oo dusha biyaha, "River" oo aan ahaa in uu iska heli gacmaha taageerayaasha run.

Waa in la ogaadaa in muddada kaas oo-soo-saarka la qorsheeyay serial ah lafdhabarka, ayaa noqday kuwo ku adag in taariikhda ka mid ah dalalka Midowga Soofiyeeti. Waxaa laga yaabaa in tani ay tahay sababta ay horumar baaxad weyn sida ku tiimbadeen lagay. Horeba mar dambe u baahan dunida casriga ah, oo waxaa lagu bedelay hovercraft iyo tabo cusub oo kale oo suuqa baabuurta. Sidaas darteed - mid ka mid ah mashaariicda ugu wanaagsan oo aan caadi ahayn in industry gaari qoyska oo dhan uu noqday wax taaj oo ah unwitting final of injineernimada.