Features of dhismeedka unugyada epithelial. Soocista ee unugyada epithelial

Nooc kasta oo unug ayaa hannaanka ka mid ah muuqaalada sifo. Waxay gaadaan dabeecadaha qaab-dhismeedka, set oo ah functionalities, asal ahaan, nooca hab update ah. Si sifaha unugyada noqon karaan dhowr shuruudaha, laakiin falalka ugu badan ku xirnaan morfofunktcionalnaja ah. kala soocidda ka mid ah unugyada noocan oo kale ah u oggolaanaysa in ugu dhamaystiran oo la xiriira in sifaha nooc kasta. Iyada oo ku xidhan sifooyinka morphological iyo functional kala saaro soo socda noocyada unugyada: epithelial (dedkii), muruqyada iyo muruqa trophic dareemayaasha.

Gaar ahaan qaab-dhismeedka unugyada epithelial: morphological guud iyo calaamooyin functional

Waxaa loola jeedaa in epithelium kooxda dhar, si weyn loo qaybiyey ee jirka. Waxay kala duwanaan karaan in asal ahaan, sida in la horumariyo ka ectoderm, mesoderm ama endoderm, iyo qabtaan hawlo kala duwan.

Liiska muuqaalada morphological iyo functional caadi caan ku unugyada epithelial:

1. Waxay ka kooban tahay unugyada loo yaqaan unugyada. Dhexdoodana waxaa jira farqi intermembrane khiyaano ku jirin walax intercellular. Waxaa, ka bacdi, waxa uu leeyahay oo adag nadmembranny (glycocalyx). Waa marayo unugyada uu geli maalka, iyo inuu isaga soo dheegtay cell isku.

2. Unugyada of epithelial unugyada ay yihiin kuwo aad cufan, kaas oo keena in formation of layers. Waa ay joogaan ogolaanaya nudaha si ay u qabtaan hawlaha ay. Siyaabaha unugyada in kasta oo kale waxay noqon kartaa kala duwan: via desmosomes, farqiga ama xiriir dhow.

3. xigay oo epithelial unugyo, oo waxaa lagu abaabulaa ka mid kor ku xusan oo kale ah, kala qaybinaya xuub asalka ka kooban borotiinka iyo carbohydrates. Dhumucdiisuna waa 100 nm - 1 micron. Inside epithelia lahayn xididdada dhiigga, oo sidaas daraaddeed ay diffusely ku shaqeeya by xuub dhulka hoostiisa ah.

4. Wixii unugyada epithelial lagu gartaa polarity morphofunctional. Waxay yihiin asalka iyo tiir Boodaynin. xuduntii ah unugyada ku yaalla oo u dhaw in asalka ah, iyo ku dhowaad cytoplasm dhan yahay Boodaynin ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in rucubood oo cilia iyo microvilli.

5. unugyada Epithelial waa awooda si wanaagsan u qeexan oo kala duwan si ay u cusboonaysiiyaan. Waxay waxaa lagu gartaa joogitaanka asliga ah, iyo unugyada kala cambium.

habab kala duwan si ay u kala soocidda

In la eego horumar ah ee unugyada epithelial sameeyay ka hor inta unugyada kale ee unugyada. Ay shaqo aasaasiga ahaa xadaynta ee jirka ka deegaanka dibadda. Marka marxaladdan xaadirka ah ee horumar ah unugyada ee epithelial leeyihiin dhowr hawlood ee jirka. Sida laga soo xigtay habkaani, kala saaro noocaan oo dhar: integumentary, nuugid, excretory, iyo secretory kale. Qoondaynta oo ah unugyada epithelial account morphologically galay qaabka iyo tirada layers epithelial ee dhismaha. Sidaas daraaddeed, qoondeeyo unugyada epithelial hal iyo multi-oo israac raacsan.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah hal lakab, epithelia hal

Muuqaaladan dhismaha unugyada ah epithelial, oo la odhan jiray hal-lakabka, been in xaqiiqda ah in kaydka ka kooban tahay lakabka hal unugyada. Marka unugyada oo dhan waxaa lagu gartaa formation of height isku mid ah in ka hadleynaa-hal daaha epithelium-hal isku xigta. height Epithelial sababa soocidda xiga, sida laga soo xigtay taas oo muujinaysa joogaan in diyaarad jidhka, cubic iyo cylindrical (prismatic)-hal isku xigta epithelium-hal lakab.

Single-lakabka epithelium squamous ee gobollada kooban ee sanbabada ee neef-mareenka ah (Alfiyoli), qanjidhada marinnada yar, xiniinyaha, saabka dhegta dhexe, xuubka nabarrada (mesothelium). Soo sameeyey mesoderm ah.

Qayb ahaan monolayer deegaamaynta jira marinnada epithelium cuboidal qanjidhada iyo tubules of kelyaha. The height iyo width qiyaastii unugyada isla, nuclei ay yihiin fekrado iyo yaalaan xarunta of unugyada. asal ahaan waxay noqon kartaa kala duwan.

Noocan ah hal daaha unugyada epithelial-hal isku xigta sida cylindrical (columnar) epithelium ah, oo ku yaalla mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, marinnada qanjidhada, marinnada ururinta kelyaha. height ee unugyada waa weyn u weyn yahay balladhka. Waxay leedahay asal ahaan ka duwan.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah a-hal daaha multi-xigta epithelium ciliated

Haddii unugyada epithelial-hal daaha foomamka lakabka ah ee unugyada meelaha kala duwan, ka dibna waxaan ka hadleynaa-xigta multi epithelium ciliated. Khadadka Tani unugyada dusha sare ee hawo iyo qaybo ka mid ah habka taranka (kaadi mareenka ku taalba iyo jajtceprovodov) muuqaalada dhismaha nooca unugyada epithelial ka kooban yahay in xaqiiqda ah in unugyada ay yihiin saddex nooc: intercalary gaaban, dheer ciliated iyo fijaan. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa lagu abaabulaa in hal daaha, laakiin unugyada intercalary ma gaadho ilaa darafka sare ee kaydka. Marka kor u sii kordhaya, waxay kala noqdaan oo ciliated ama fijaan. feature A waa jiritaanka unugyada ciliated at baallaha Boodaynin of tiro badan oo ah cilia, unugyada fijaan ay awoodaan in ay soo saaraan ADI.

Qoondaynta iyo qaab-dhismeedka epithelium heerarka

unugyada sameysmi karaa layers kala duwan. Waxay ku yaalaan mid ka mid kor ku xusan oo kale ah, sidaas darteed, in xiriir toos ah la xuub hoostiisa joogo oo keliya ee aad u qoto dheer ku sugnaa, lakabka asalka ah unugyada. Waxaa ku jira unugyada asliga ah iyo cambial. Sidii ay u kala, ka dibna dibadda u dhaqaaqin. Faraj ee soocidda waa qaabka mustaqbalka fog ee unugyada. Sidaas qoondeeyo keratinizing squamous heerarka, heerarka neorogovevayuschy epithelium squamous iyo guurka.

Astaamaha u gaarka ah heerarka epithelium keratinized squamous

Soo sameeyey ectoderm ah. From unugyada this ka kooban yahay epidermis, taas oo ah lakabka dusha sare ee maqaarka, iyo qaybtii terminal malawadka. Features of qaab-dhismeedka noocan ah unugyada epithelial waxaa laga heli karaa shan layers of unugyada: asalka ah, spinous, granular, dhaldhalaalaan oo horny.

Lakabka asalka waa isku xigta hal unugyada cylindrical dhaadheer. Waxay si adag xidhxidhan u xuub dhulka hoostiisa ku jira oo awood u leeyihiin in ay soo saari. dhumucda lakabka spinous waa 4 ilaa 8 saf unugyada spiny. In lakabka granular - 2-3 saf oo unugyada. unugyada ay leeyihiin qaab simay, core cufan. lakabka Shiny - tiro ka mid ah unugyada dhimanayaan 2-3. Dhow dusha sare ee corneum stratum ah, ka kooban yahay hannaanka a of saf (100) foomamka ah unugyada dhintay guri. Tani waxay horny qolfo leh, taas oo ay jirto keratin a keratin.

Shaqada unugyada waa in ay ilaaliyaan unugyada qoto dheer khasaarada dibadda.

Tilmaamo Dhismayaasha of neorogovevayuschy epithelium squamous ee heerarka

Soo sameeyey ectoderm ah. Meelo ka mid ah deegaamaynta yihiin wilka, saabka afka, hunguriga iyo qayb ka mid ah caloosha ka mid ah noocyada xoolaha qaar ka mid ah. Wuxuu leeyahay saddex lakab: asalka, mudayo oo guri. Lakabka asalka xiriir la xuub dhulka hoostiisa ka kooban unugyada prismatic isagoo nuclei gadood weyn oo xoogaa u wareegeen baallaha Boodaynin. The unugyada daaha this, la wadaago, bilaabi horumarinta up. Sidaas darteed, mar dambe ma ay la xiriirto xuub dhulka hoostiisa oo dhex galay lakabka lagu mudayo. Tani waa dhowr lakab oo unugyada qaab polygonal aan joogto ahayn, iyo xuduntii ah gadood. lakabka lagu mudayo noqdo dusha - lakabka guri ka mid ah oo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 2-3 unugyada.

epithelium KMG ah

Qoondaynta oo ah unugyada epithelial ogol yahay waxa loogu yeero epithelium a KMG sameeyey mesoderm ah. Deegaamaynta - miskaha kelyaha, ureter iyo kaadi haysta. Saddex lakab unugyada (asalka, dhexe, iyo daahan) waa mid aad u kala duwan oo qaab-dhismeedka. Waayo, lakabka asalka lagu gartaa joogitaanka unugyada cambial yar oo qaabab kala duwan u jiifa xuub asalka. Unugyada lakabka dhexe iftiinka iyo ballaaran yihiin, tirada saf noqon kartaa kala duwan. Waxay ku xiran tahay sida jidhka waxaa ka buuxa. Unugyada lakabka daahan yihiin xitaa ka weyn, waxay waxaa lagu gartaa diirkja badan, ama polyploidy, awood u sii daayo xab ah, taasoo ka hortagaysa in formation dusha ka la xiriir waxyeello leh kaadida.

epithelium jilacsan

soocista unugyada epithelial ahaa dhamaystirnayn oo aan sharaxaad ku saabsan qaab dhismeedka iyo shaqada epithelium waxa loogu yeero u jilacsan. Noocan unugyada si weyn loo qaybiyey jidhka, unugyada ay awoodaan in ay soo saaraan iyo qarsan walxaha gaar ah - qarsoon. Cabbirka, qaab, qaab-dhismeedka unugyada jilacsan waa wax kala duwan, sida takhasuska Halabuurka iyo qarsoon.

Geedi socodka by kaas oo qarsoon loo sameeyay ku filan baxa adag in dhowr marxaladood oo waxaa la yiraahdaa wareegga secretory.

Features of dhismeedka unugyada epithelial ka kooban unugyada u jilacsan, sabab ugu horrayn si ay ujeeddada. Maxaa yeelay, noocan ah dhar la aasaasay jidhkooda, shaqada ugu weyn ee kaas oo noqon doona qarsoodi ah jiilka. xubnaha Kuwani yeedhay qanjidhada.